Journal: Blood Advances

Article Title: CD19 CAR T-cell outcomes in relapsed/refractory extramedullary B-ALL: a multisite, retrospective cohort review

doi: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2025018604

Figure Lengend Snippet: Relapse and toxicity outcomes after CD19-CAR. (A) Cumulative incidence of relapse in the iBM (n = 21; green), EMD (n = 36; red), and CNS (n = 251; blue) cohorts, calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. (B) Post-CAR T-cell relapse phenotype was assessed by flow cytometry and was reported as either CD19 + , CD19 − , lineage switch, or unknown. Relapse occurred in 134 patients (EMD n = 7; CNS n = 21; iBM n = 106). There were no statistical differences in the phenotypes among the cohorts. (C) Incidence of CRS in the different patient cohorts. Each pie chart represents 1 of the 3 cohorts as indicated. Displayed are patients with no CRS (blue), grade 1 to 2 CRS (gold), and grade 3 to 5 CRS (beige). CRS was graded by the reporting institution and included 126 of 308 (40.9%) cases graded according to the Lee criteria, 156 of 308 (50.6%) cases graded according to the University of Pennsylvania criteria, and 26 of 308 (8.4%) cases graded according to the American Society for Transplantation and Cellular Therapy guidelines. (D) The percentage of patients who developed neurotoxicity, as diagnosed by reporting institution, in the cohorts is indicated on the x-axis. (E) Reported reason for post-CAR HSCT in each individual cohort. Other encompasses 4 patients in the BM alone cohort who proceeded to transplant because of next-generation sequencing positivity in the absence of flow-detectable disease (n = 2), persistent BM aplasia (n = 1), and relapse with unknown phenotype characterized by the development of a scalp chloroma by day 28 after infusion (n = 1).

Article Snippet: R.A.G. reports a consulting relationship with Moonlight Bio; and royalties from Bristol Myers Squibb related to CAR T-cell technologies.

Techniques: Flow Cytometry, Transplantation Assay, Next-Generation Sequencing