Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: VS-4718 enhances apoptosis induced by low-dose carfilzomib and overcomes carfilzomib resistance in PSMB5 -mutated proteasome inhibitor resistant multiple myeloma

doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-43205-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: Impact of VS-4718 alone and in combination with carf on survival in seven MM cell lines. ( A – H ) MM cells were treated with 1 µM VS and moderate concentrations of carf alone and in combination. Suitable concentrations of carf were determined individually for each MM cell line. Survival was determined by Annexin V-647/PI staining and subsequent FACS analysis. ( A ) An experiment with the AMO-1 cell line was used to illustrate the gating strategy employed here and in further FACS experiments. ( B – H ) For the graphical representation, the annexin V/PI negative fraction was calculated relative to that in the DMSO-treated control sample (% annexin V/PI neg. cells rel. ctrl.). Bars represent mean ± SD of ≥ three independent experiments, except for KMS-12-BM (2 rounds). P -values were determined in an ordinary one-way ANOVA using Tukey’s multiple comparison test and depicted only for p < 0.05. Only statistical comparisons between DMSO control and treated cells as well as single drugs vs. drug combinations were depicted to focus on the relevant comparisons.

Article Snippet: The parental human multiple myeloma cells (pHMCLs) (L-363, AMO-1, U-266, KMS-12-BM, JJN.3 (DSMZ, Braunschweig, Germany) KMS-11 (Japanese Collection of Research Bioresources (JCRB)), MM1.S (LGC Biolabs, Wesel, Germany)) which were derived from MM patients at different clinical stages and represent different molecular profiles , were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% FBS, 2 mM L-glutamine and 1 mM sodium pyruvate .

Techniques: Staining, Control, Comparison