Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Female resistance to the metabolic benefits of protein restriction is reversed by ovariectomy in mice

doi: 10.64898/2026.03.31.715667

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) ANCOVA of energy expenditure (EE) with body weight as a covariate during the 12-hour dark cycle. (B) Average EE during the dark cycle normalized to body weight. (C) Respiratory Exchange Ratio (RER) over a 24-hour period. (D) Average RER during the dark cycle. (E) Spontaneous activity over a 24-hour period. (F) Average spontaneous activity during the dark cycle, calculated as laser beam breaks. (G) Circulating FGF21 expression quantified from refed plasma using ELISA. (H) The mRNA expression of Fgf21 in the liver of mice. (A-F) n=11-12 mice per group, (G-H) n=3-5 mice per group. (A) Data for each individual mouse is plotted, simple linear regression (ANCOVA) was calculated to determine if the slopes or elevations are equal. (B, D, F-H) Statistics for the overall effects of diet, gonadectomy, and the interaction represent the p value from a two-way ANOVA. *p<0.05 from a Šidák’s post-test examining the effect of parameters identified as significant in the two-way ANOVA. Data are represented as mean ±SEM. Abbreviations: CTL (21% control protein diet), LP (7% low protein diet), Cast (castration), Fem (female), Ovx (ovariectomy), BW (body weight), EE (energy expenditure), RER (respiratory exchange ratio), FGF21 (fibroblast growth factor 21).

Article Snippet: Blood for circulating FGF21, testosterone, and estradiol levels was collected from submandibular bleeding immediately prior to euthanasia; plasma was assayed with a mouse/rat FGF21 quantikine ELISA kit (MF2100) from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN, USA), and testosterone (582701) and estradiol (501890) quantikine ELISA kits from Caymen Chemicals (Ann Arbor, MI, USA).

Techniques: Activity Assay, Expressing, Clinical Proteomics, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Control

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Inducible Impairment of Polymerase Gamma Activity in Cardiomyocytes Promotes Severe Cardiomyopathy with Cardiac Hepatopathy

doi: 10.64898/2026.02.17.706486

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Immunoblot of phosphorylated and total eIF2α in LV from PolG Mut and PolG Con mice at 30 weeks post-Tam (n=5/group), with (B) corresponding densitometry ratio of phosphorylated to total eIF2α. (C) Immunoblot of phosphorylated and total eIF2α was repeated in LV from PolG Mut and PolG Con mice at 20, 24 and 28 weeks post-Tam (n=4/group/timepoint) with (D) corresponding densitometry ratios. Expression of genes (qPCR) associated with (E) amino acid and 1-Carbon metabolism, and genes associated with folate metabolism within (F) the mitochondria and (G) the cytosol, in LV from PolG Mut and PolG Con mice at 30 weeks post-Tam, (n=9/group). Gene expression was repeated in LV from PolG Mut mice at 20 (n=5), 24 (n=5), and 28 weeks post-Tam (n=6) relative to PolG Con mice at 20 weeks post-Tam (n=5) for (H) amino acid and 1-Carbon metabolism, and genes associated with folate metabolism within (I) the mitochondria and (J) the cytosol. (K) Fgf21 and (L) Gdf15 gene expression (qPCR) in LV from PolG Mut mice at 20 (n=5), 24 (n=5) and 28 (n=6) weeks post-Tam and PolG Con mice at 20 (n=5), 24 (n=5) and 28 (n=5) weeks post-Tam (relative to PolG Con mice at 20 weeks post-Tam). Plasma protein concentration of (M) FGF21 and (N) GDF15 in PolG Mut and PolG Con mice at 3, 9, 13, 17, 20, 24, and 30 weeks post-Tam (FGF21: 3, 9, 13, 17 weeks n=4, 20, 24 weeks n=8, 30 weeks n=7; GDF15: 3, 9, 13, 17, 20, 24 weeks n=8, 30 weeks n=7). Data are presented as mean ± SEM, with P-value between control and mutant biological replicates determined by two-way ANOVA with correction for multiple comparisons (H-J: P-value compared with PolG Con mice at 20 weeks post-Tam) , unpaired welch t-test (D, E, G, K, L) or Mann-Whitney test (B, F, M, N) . Source data for these figures are provided in the Source Data file.

Article Snippet: Commercial ELISA kits for FGF21 (R&D Systems, #MF2100) and GDF15 (R&D Systems, #MGD150) were used to measure respective plasma concentration as per manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques: Western Blot, Expressing, Gene Expression, Clinical Proteomics, Protein Concentration, Control, Mutagenesis, MANN-WHITNEY