Journal: International journal of oncology

Article Title: Inhibition of multiple myeloma‑derived exosomes uptake suppresses the functional response in bone marrow stromal cell.

doi: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4685

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 5. Inhibitors of macropinocytosis and membrane fusion partially decrease the uptake of multiple myeloma cell‑derived exosomes. Human bone marrow stromal cells were pre‑treated with the indicated concentration of amiloride for 0.5 h and then incubated with 50 µg/ml DIO‑labeled H929 cell‑derived exosomes for another 4 h in the presence of the indicated inhibitors. (A) The uptake was visualized by confocal microscopy and (B) the mean or median fluorescence intensity was determined by flow cytometry. Human bone marrow stromal cells were pre‑treated with the indicated concentration of omeprazole for 0.5 h and then incubated with 50 µg/ml DIO‑labeled H929 cell‑derived exosomes for another 4 h in the presence of the indicated inhibitors. (C) The uptake was visualized by confocal microscopy and (D) the mean or median fluorescence intensity was determined by flow cytometry. **P<0.01 and ***P<0.001, compared with 0 mM amiloride/omeprazole.

Article Snippet: For inhibition experiments, heparin, wortmannin, dynasore, chlorpromazine, amiloride, and omeprazole were purchased from Selleck Chemicals (Houston, TX, USA).

Techniques: Membrane, Concentration Assay, Incubation, Confocal Microscopy, Fluorescence, Flow Cytometry

Journal: International journal of oncology

Article Title: Inhibition of multiple myeloma‑derived exosomes uptake suppresses the functional response in bone marrow stromal cell.

doi: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4685

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 6. Endocytosis inhibitors partially suppress the effects of multiple myeloma cell‑derived exosome on BMSCs. (A) Human BMSCs were incubated with heparin, dynasore, amiloride or omeprazole at the indicated final concentration for 4.5 h, and cell viability was examined. **P<0.01 and ***P<0.001, compared with the group without inhibitor treatment. (B) Human BMSCs were pre‑treated with heparin (10 µg/ml) or dynasore (50 µM) for 30 min and incubated with 100 µg/ml RPMI8226 or H929 cell‑derived exosomes for 6 h. Subsequently, total and phosphorylated STAT1, STAT3 and ERK1/2 were quantified via western blot analysis. The GAPDH protein was included as a loading control. The pixel density of phosphorylated and total STAT1, STAT3 and ERK1/2 was quantified. (C) Phosphorylated proteins were normalized to their total protein amounts, and (D) total amounts of proteins were normalized to GAPDH quantities. *P<0.05; **P<0.01; and ***P<0.001. BMSCs, bone marrow stromal cells; Exo, exosomes; p, phosphor; STAT, signal transducer and activator of transcription 1; ERK1/2, extracellular signal‑regulated kinase 1/2.

Article Snippet: For inhibition experiments, heparin, wortmannin, dynasore, chlorpromazine, amiloride, and omeprazole were purchased from Selleck Chemicals (Houston, TX, USA).

Techniques: Incubation, Concentration Assay, Western Blot, Control

Journal: Journal of Immunotoxicology

Article Title: Nebivolol prevents indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats

doi: 10.3109/1547691x.2016.1142488

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 5. Sections of gastric mucosa of omeprazole-pre-treated rats. (a) Section indicates intact gastric mucosa (Magnification ¼ 100). (b) Gastric mucosa like normal and gastric glands with slight dilatation (Magnification ¼ 400). H&E stain. Representative images are shown. All of these tissues (and others from the group) were used by the pathologist to generate ulcer scores for each rat and, subsequently, the net protective index value for each group.

Article Snippet: Omeprazole was purchased from Carbosynth LLC (San Diego, CA), while nebivolol was a gift from 4A Pharma for Pharmaceutical Industries (Cairo, Egypt).

Techniques: Staining