Journal: Theranostics

Article Title: Mesenchymal stromal cells and alpha-1 antitrypsin have a strong synergy in modulating inflammation and its resolution.

doi: 10.7150/thno.83942

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 1. MSCs synergized with A1AT to modulate inflammation in Raw 264.7 macrophages. Cells were stimulated with 100 ng/mL LPS plus 10 ng/mL IFNγ and treated with 0.5 mg/mL A1AT or MSCs (MSC/MΦ = 1/10) or their combination. Dexamethasone (Dex, 1 µg/mL) was used as a benchmark. Pro-inflammatory mouse cytokine IL6 (A), TNFα (B), and anti-inflammatory mouse cytokine IL10 (C) were measured via ELISA. The IL6/IL10 (D) and TNFα/IL10 ratio (E) was also shown. *:p < 0.05, **:p < 0.01, ***:p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: P4 MSCs were characterized with the Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Verification Flow Kit (R&D Systems), including antibodies for positive markers CD90, CD73, CD105, and negative markers CD45, CD34, CD11b, CD79A, HLA-DR, as well as the Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Multi-Color Flow Kit (R&D Systems) including antibodies for positive markers CD44, CD106, CD146, and CD166.

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: Theranostics

Article Title: Mesenchymal stromal cells and alpha-1 antitrypsin have a strong synergy in modulating inflammation and its resolution.

doi: 10.7150/thno.83942

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 2. MSCs synergized with A1AT to modulate inflammation in primary human PBMCs. Cells were stimulated with 100 ng/mL LPS + anti-CD3/CD28 antibodies (positive) and treated with 0.5 mg/mL A1AT or MSCs (MSC/PBMC = 1/10) or their combination for 24 hs. Dexamethasone (Dex, 1 µg/mL) was used as a benchmark. PBMCs without activation and treatment were used as a negative control. Pro-inflammatory human cytokine IL6 (A), TNFα (B), and anti-inflammatory human cytokine IL10 (C) were measured via ELISA. The IL6/IL10 (D) and TNFα/IL10 ratio (E) was also shown. *:p < 0.05, **:p < 0.01, ***:p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: P4 MSCs were characterized with the Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Verification Flow Kit (R&D Systems), including antibodies for positive markers CD90, CD73, CD105, and negative markers CD45, CD34, CD11b, CD79A, HLA-DR, as well as the Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Multi-Color Flow Kit (R&D Systems) including antibodies for positive markers CD44, CD106, CD146, and CD166.

Techniques: Activation Assay, Negative Control, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: Theranostics

Article Title: Mesenchymal stromal cells and alpha-1 antitrypsin have a strong synergy in modulating inflammation and its resolution.

doi: 10.7150/thno.83942

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 3. MSCs and A1AT combination treatment reduced neutrophil ROS and NETs production. HL-60 cells derived neutrophils were stimulated with 100 nM PMA and treated with 0.5 mg/mL A1AT or MSCs (MSC/neutrophil = 1/10) or their combination for 4 hs. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) (A-B) and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) production (C-D) were analyzed. *:p < 0.05, **:p < 0.01, ***:p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: P4 MSCs were characterized with the Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Verification Flow Kit (R&D Systems), including antibodies for positive markers CD90, CD73, CD105, and negative markers CD45, CD34, CD11b, CD79A, HLA-DR, as well as the Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Multi-Color Flow Kit (R&D Systems) including antibodies for positive markers CD44, CD106, CD146, and CD166.

Techniques: Derivative Assay

Journal: Theranostics

Article Title: Mesenchymal stromal cells and alpha-1 antitrypsin have a strong synergy in modulating inflammation and its resolution.

doi: 10.7150/thno.83942

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 4. MSC and A1AT combination treatment enhanced phagocytosis in THP-1 derived macrophages (A-D) and HL-60 cells derived neutrophils (E-H). Macrophages were stimulated with 100 ng/mL LPS plus 10 ng/mL IFNγ for 24 hs. Neutrophils were stimulated with 100 nM PMA for 4 hs. Cells were treated with 0.5 mg/mL A1AT or MSCs

Article Snippet: P4 MSCs were characterized with the Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Verification Flow Kit (R&D Systems), including antibodies for positive markers CD90, CD73, CD105, and negative markers CD45, CD34, CD11b, CD79A, HLA-DR, as well as the Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Multi-Color Flow Kit (R&D Systems) including antibodies for positive markers CD44, CD106, CD146, and CD166.

Techniques: Derivative Assay

Journal: Theranostics

Article Title: Mesenchymal stromal cells and alpha-1 antitrypsin have a strong synergy in modulating inflammation and its resolution.

doi: 10.7150/thno.83942

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 5. MSCs synergized with A1AT to improve survival rate and reduce lung injury in mice. (A) Illustration of the model. (B) The survival rate and (C) body weight development. N = 6. (D) H&E staining and (E) lung injury scores. The lung injury scores were calculated based on the five criteria shown in (D). *:p < 0.05, **:p < 0.01, ***:p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: P4 MSCs were characterized with the Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Verification Flow Kit (R&D Systems), including antibodies for positive markers CD90, CD73, CD105, and negative markers CD45, CD34, CD11b, CD79A, HLA-DR, as well as the Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Multi-Color Flow Kit (R&D Systems) including antibodies for positive markers CD44, CD106, CD146, and CD166.

Techniques: Staining

Journal: Theranostics

Article Title: Mesenchymal stromal cells and alpha-1 antitrypsin have a strong synergy in modulating inflammation and its resolution.

doi: 10.7150/thno.83942

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 6. MSCs and A1AT synergized in reducing total protein (A) and pro-inflammatory cytokines while increasing anti-inflammatory cytokine IL10 (B-F) in BALF. *:p < 0.05, **:p < 0.01, ***:p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: P4 MSCs were characterized with the Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Verification Flow Kit (R&D Systems), including antibodies for positive markers CD90, CD73, CD105, and negative markers CD45, CD34, CD11b, CD79A, HLA-DR, as well as the Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Multi-Color Flow Kit (R&D Systems) including antibodies for positive markers CD44, CD106, CD146, and CD166.

Techniques:

Journal: Theranostics

Article Title: Mesenchymal stromal cells and alpha-1 antitrypsin have a strong synergy in modulating inflammation and its resolution.

doi: 10.7150/thno.83942

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 8. MSCs synergized with A1AT to reduce total cell (A-B), macrophage (C), and neutrophil number (D) in BALF. The M1/M2 macrophage ratio was reduced by all treatments (E). *:p < 0.05, **:p < 0.01, ***:p < 0.001. (F-G) MSCs synergized with A1AT to reduce cell death as identified via TUNEL staining.

Article Snippet: P4 MSCs were characterized with the Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Verification Flow Kit (R&D Systems), including antibodies for positive markers CD90, CD73, CD105, and negative markers CD45, CD34, CD11b, CD79A, HLA-DR, as well as the Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Multi-Color Flow Kit (R&D Systems) including antibodies for positive markers CD44, CD106, CD146, and CD166.

Techniques: TUNEL Assay, Staining

Journal: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

Article Title: First Penicillin-Binding Protein Occupancy Patterns of β-Lactams and β-Lactamase Inhibitors in Klebsiella pneumoniae

doi: 10.1128/AAC.00282-18

Figure Lengend Snippet: Principal component analysis of the log-transformed PBP IC50 data for our 13 tested compounds in two K. pneumoniae strains. The plot shows the clustering of compounds according to their positions on the first and second eigenvector. These two vectors explained 86.5% of the total variance. Compounds were grouped into two general clusters. The first cluster contained β-lactams that primarily targeted PBP3 but differed in their secondary targets. The second cluster was comprised of compounds that primarily targeted PBP2 or both PBPs 2 and 4. Of note, among compounds in the second cluster, the carbapenems, amoxicillin, and mecillinam had substantially lower IC50 for their primary targets than the β-lactamase inhibitors. Symbols for β-lactamase inhibitors are smaller due to their much higher IC50 for their primary PBP target relative to the primary PBP target IC50 of the β-lactams.

Article Snippet: Biapenem was purchased from TRC Canada (Toronto, Ontario, Canada); doripenem and avibactam were from MedChem Express (Monmouth Junction, NJ); imipenem and meropenem were from AK Scientific (Union City, CA); sulbactam was from TCI America (Portland, OR); tazobactam, amoxicillin, piperacillin, aztreonam, cefepime, and cefsulodin were from Chem-Impex International, Inc. (Wood Dale, IL); and mecillinam was from Molekula (Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom).

Techniques: Transformation Assay