Journal: Journal of Cancer

Article Title: Preferential Association of Lissencephaly-1 Gene Expression with CD133+ Glioblastoma Cells

doi: 10.7150/jca.17635

Figure Lengend Snippet: Lis1 and CD133 gene expression in neurosphere-like U87 cells. (A) Exposure of U87 glioma cells to stem-conditioned medium (SM) induces phenotypic modifications resulting in neurospheres after five days, in both regular U87 cells (left) and shLis1-U87 cells (right). The expression of Lis1 (B) and CD133 (D) is induced in U87 cells exposed to SM, with the highest level at day 5 of incubation. (C) As expected, silencing Lis1 gene in U87 cells (shLis-U87) inhibits its induction in cells incubated with SM. CD133 induction is almost abrogated in shLis-U87 cells (E) compared with U87 cells (D). Lis1 is highly expressed in CD133+ cells isolated from U87 cell line and primary glioblastoma (HTC1 and HTC2) cell cultures in normal culture medium (CM) or SM (F) . Data show enrichment up to 60 fold in Lis1 expression in CD133 + fractions for cells grown in CM and up to 32 fold in cells incubated in SM. Lis1 expression in CD133+ fraction isolated from U87 cells grown in CM is 32 times higher than that of CD133- fraction (U87 columns); in CD133+ fraction isolated from U87 incubated in SM Lis1 expression is 35 times higher than in CD133 negative cells from the same culture. The negative control is represented by CD133+ cells isolated from shLis-U87 incubated in CM or SM for which Lis1 was not increased as compared with CD133- cells (shLis-U87/CM and SM columns).

Article Snippet: U87 cells were transfected with a mix of three plasmids, each containing specific shRNA for Lis1 using Plasmid Transfection Reagent in Plasmid Transfection Medium (Santa Cruz, CA).

Techniques: Gene Expression, Expressing, Incubation, Isolation, Negative Control

Journal: Journal of Cancer

Article Title: Preferential Association of Lissencephaly-1 Gene Expression with CD133+ Glioblastoma Cells

doi: 10.7150/jca.17635

Figure Lengend Snippet: Proliferation of irradiated U87 and shLis-U87 cells. Cells having Lis1 silenced or not were irradiated with X-ray doses from 5 to 50 Gy. Cells seeded at a density of 1x10 4 cells/well, in quadruplicates or triplicates in E-plates and placed in xCelligence RTCA instrument, were followed-up for 100 hours (A) . Alternatively, irradiated or not irradiated cells were seeded in 24-well plates and the DNA amount per well was determined using Hoechst 33342 (B) . Both methods showed that irradiated U87 cells recovered better their proliferative capacity than shLis-U87 cells.

Article Snippet: U87 cells were transfected with a mix of three plasmids, each containing specific shRNA for Lis1 using Plasmid Transfection Reagent in Plasmid Transfection Medium (Santa Cruz, CA).

Techniques: Irradiation

Journal: Journal of Cancer

Article Title: Preferential Association of Lissencephaly-1 Gene Expression with CD133+ Glioblastoma Cells

doi: 10.7150/jca.17635

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cell adhesion, migration and proliferation of CD133 + cells isolated from U87 and shLis-U87 cells . CD133+ cells were isolated from control U87 and shLis-U87 cells. The purity of the fraction is revealed by higher CD133 expression (assessed by RT-PCR) in CD133+ fraction as compared with CD133- fraction (A) . CD133+ cells isolated from control U87 (blue circles) or from shLis-U87 (red squares) cultures were subjected to functional assays using xCELLigence Real-Time Cell Analysis instruments. The data representing the recorded cell index at different times show that CD133+ cells isolated from shLis-U87 culture present two times lower (B) adherence to the surface, (C) migratory potential and (D) proliferative rate, as compared with the those isolated from control U87 culture.

Article Snippet: U87 cells were transfected with a mix of three plasmids, each containing specific shRNA for Lis1 using Plasmid Transfection Reagent in Plasmid Transfection Medium (Santa Cruz, CA).

Techniques: Migration, Isolation, Control, Expressing, Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction, Functional Assay, Cell Analysis

Journal: Oncotarget

Article Title: Oncogenic transgelin-2 is differentially regulated in isocitrate dehydrogenase wild-type vs. mutant gliomas

doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.26365

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) TAGLN2 mRNA was expressed at significantly higher levels in IDH1/2 WT tumors compared to IDH1/2 mutant tumors in both our institutional (p-value=7.73×10 −5 ; FDR=0.053) and the validation TCGA (p-value <0.0001; FDR < 0.0001) cohorts. (B) Mass spectrometry identified higher TAGLN2 protein expression in IDH1/2 WT compared to IDH1/2 mutant LGG from our institutional cohort. Six different peptides corresponding to TAGLN2 protein were expressed at significantly up-regulated in IDH1/2 WT compared to IDH1/2 mutant tumors. (C) Publicly available TAGLN2 mRNA expression of all Grade II (G2, n=249), III (G3, n=265) and IV (GBM, n=153) gliomas from the TCGA database are significantly different (p<0.0001). (D) TAGLN2 expression in IDH1/2 WT Grade II (n=21), III (n=52) and IV (n=133) tumors from TCGA data was significantly different (p=5.136×10 −20 ).

Article Snippet: Since TAGLN2 was found to be expressed at significantly lower mRNA and protein levels in IDH1/2 mutant gliomas from both institutional and TCGA patient cohorts, we confirmed these findings in vitro by evaluating TAGLN2 protein levels in a commercially available U87 MG isogenic cell line overexpressing IDH1 R132H mutant protein (ATCC, Manassas, VA), which will be referred to as IDH1 mutant U87 MG cells.

Techniques: Mutagenesis, Biomarker Discovery, Mass Spectrometry, Expressing

Journal: Oncotarget

Article Title: Oncogenic transgelin-2 is differentially regulated in isocitrate dehydrogenase wild-type vs. mutant gliomas

doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.26365

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Promoter methylation was detected in IDH1/2 mutant tumors (n=54, cyan) and IDH1/2 WT tumors (n=8, salmon) from our institutional cohort using 15 CpG TAGLN2 promoter methylation sites included on the Illumina HM-450K array. IDH1/2 mutant showed significantly higher levels of methylation (FDR<0.05) in the majority of CpG islands corresponding to TAGLN2 (n=11), as demonstrated by the heat map. Low methylation levels are denoted in green and high methylation levels are denoted in red. (B) Methylation results were validated using methylation data from the publicly available TCGA cohort.

Article Snippet: Since TAGLN2 was found to be expressed at significantly lower mRNA and protein levels in IDH1/2 mutant gliomas from both institutional and TCGA patient cohorts, we confirmed these findings in vitro by evaluating TAGLN2 protein levels in a commercially available U87 MG isogenic cell line overexpressing IDH1 R132H mutant protein (ATCC, Manassas, VA), which will be referred to as IDH1 mutant U87 MG cells.

Techniques: Methylation, Mutagenesis

Journal: Oncotarget

Article Title: Oncogenic transgelin-2 is differentially regulated in isocitrate dehydrogenase wild-type vs. mutant gliomas

doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.26365

Figure Lengend Snippet: Clinical-pathological characteristics of patients analyzed for TAGLN2 mRNA expression in institutional and TCGA LGG cohorts

Article Snippet: Since TAGLN2 was found to be expressed at significantly lower mRNA and protein levels in IDH1/2 mutant gliomas from both institutional and TCGA patient cohorts, we confirmed these findings in vitro by evaluating TAGLN2 protein levels in a commercially available U87 MG isogenic cell line overexpressing IDH1 R132H mutant protein (ATCC, Manassas, VA), which will be referred to as IDH1 mutant U87 MG cells.

Techniques: Expressing, Mutagenesis

Journal: Oncotarget

Article Title: Oncogenic transgelin-2 is differentially regulated in isocitrate dehydrogenase wild-type vs. mutant gliomas

doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.26365

Figure Lengend Snippet: Multi-variable analysis of clinical-pathological factors with OS from low(er) grade gliomas in the TCGA cohort

Article Snippet: Since TAGLN2 was found to be expressed at significantly lower mRNA and protein levels in IDH1/2 mutant gliomas from both institutional and TCGA patient cohorts, we confirmed these findings in vitro by evaluating TAGLN2 protein levels in a commercially available U87 MG isogenic cell line overexpressing IDH1 R132H mutant protein (ATCC, Manassas, VA), which will be referred to as IDH1 mutant U87 MG cells.

Techniques: Biomarker Discovery

Journal: Oncotarget

Article Title: Oncogenic transgelin-2 is differentially regulated in isocitrate dehydrogenase wild-type vs. mutant gliomas

doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.26365

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) GBM30 neurospheres stably expressing TAGLN2 shRNA and corresponding scrambled shRNA control were generated and the level of stable TAGLN2 knock-down detected by Western blot is shown. (B) GBM30 neurospheres with stable knock-down of TAGLN2 or scrambled shRNA control were counted at 24, 72, and 1120 hours after plating. Knock-down of TAGLN2 resulted in significantly decreased cell counts (p<0.05). (C) GBM30 neurospheres and (D) U87 MG glioma cells stably overexpressing TAGLN2 and corresponding vector control were generated and the level of stable TAGLN2 overexpression was detected by Western blot. Of note, endogenous TAGLN2 (22 Kda) and exogenous TAGLN2 -myc (28 kDa) are shown. (E) GBM30 neurospheres stably overexpressing TAGLN2 resulted in significantly increased cell proliferation compared to vector control at 72 and 120 hours (p<0.05). (F) U87 MG cells stably overexpressing TAGLN2 resulted in increased cell proliferation compared to the vector alone. Experiments were performed twice with six replicates each. * , statistically significant difference in proliferation.

Article Snippet: Since TAGLN2 was found to be expressed at significantly lower mRNA and protein levels in IDH1/2 mutant gliomas from both institutional and TCGA patient cohorts, we confirmed these findings in vitro by evaluating TAGLN2 protein levels in a commercially available U87 MG isogenic cell line overexpressing IDH1 R132H mutant protein (ATCC, Manassas, VA), which will be referred to as IDH1 mutant U87 MG cells.

Techniques: Stable Transfection, Expressing, shRNA, Control, Generated, Knockdown, Western Blot, Plasmid Preparation, Over Expression

Journal: Oncotarget

Article Title: Oncogenic transgelin-2 is differentially regulated in isocitrate dehydrogenase wild-type vs. mutant gliomas

doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.26365

Figure Lengend Snippet: Since TAGLN2 has been shown to play a role in invasion and metastases of other cancer types, the invasive ability of (A) GBM30 neurospheres with stable shRNA-mediated knock-down of TAGLN2 were compared to their respective scrambled shRNA control. GBM30 cells showed a decrease in average number of cells invading through the matrix after knock-down of TAGLN2 compared to control. In contrast, (B) GBM30 neurospheres and (C) U87 MG glioma cells with stable overexpression of TAGLN2 showed an increase in average number of cells invading through the matrix compared to vector control. Experiments were performed three times with triplicate invasion assays. * , statistically significant difference in invading cells (p<0.05). Photographs are representative images at 40x and 100x magnification.

Article Snippet: Since TAGLN2 was found to be expressed at significantly lower mRNA and protein levels in IDH1/2 mutant gliomas from both institutional and TCGA patient cohorts, we confirmed these findings in vitro by evaluating TAGLN2 protein levels in a commercially available U87 MG isogenic cell line overexpressing IDH1 R132H mutant protein (ATCC, Manassas, VA), which will be referred to as IDH1 mutant U87 MG cells.

Techniques: shRNA, Knockdown, Control, Over Expression, Plasmid Preparation

Journal: Oncotarget

Article Title: Oncogenic transgelin-2 is differentially regulated in isocitrate dehydrogenase wild-type vs. mutant gliomas

doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.26365

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) TAGLN2 protein levels were compared in U87 MG IDH1/2 WT parental cells and a commercially available U87 MG isogenic cell line overexpressing IDH1 with a heterozygous R132H mutation by Western blot analysis. TAGLN2 protein was decreased in IDH1 mutant cells compared to IDH1/2 WT cells. (B) U87 MG IDH1 mutant cells were treated with increasing concentrations of 5-azacytidine (5-AZA) demethylating agent and TAGLN2 protein was evaluated by Western blot. 5-AZA resulted in increasing TAGLN2 protein levels expression in a dose-dependent manner.

Article Snippet: Since TAGLN2 was found to be expressed at significantly lower mRNA and protein levels in IDH1/2 mutant gliomas from both institutional and TCGA patient cohorts, we confirmed these findings in vitro by evaluating TAGLN2 protein levels in a commercially available U87 MG isogenic cell line overexpressing IDH1 R132H mutant protein (ATCC, Manassas, VA), which will be referred to as IDH1 mutant U87 MG cells.

Techniques: Mutagenesis, Western Blot, Expressing

Journal: Cells

Article Title: The Longevity-Associated Variant of BPIFB4 Reduces Senescence in Glioma Cells and in Patients’ Lymphocytes Favoring Chemotherapy Efficacy

doi: 10.3390/cells11020294

Figure Lengend Snippet: Senescence analysis in the U87-MG glioblastoma cell line. Cytofluorometric analysis of Spider-β galactosidase (spider-βGal), common senescence marker, in the U87-MG glioma cell line after 24 h of treatment with etoposide (6 μM) and 5 days resting in the presence or absence of 18 ng/mL of rhLAV-BPIFB4 for the last 48 h. The treatment with etoposide induced senescence as shown in ( A ) (middle graph); after the treatment with 18 ng/mL of rhLAV-BPIFB4 the spider-βGal values decreased (right graph in ( A )). ( B ) Bar graph reporting the mean percentage values ± SD of β galactosidase viable cells from 3 independent experiments. ( C ) Cytofluorimetric analysis of the HLA-E expression on U87-MG cells’ surfaces in the control and in ETP-treated cells with or without rhLAV-BPIFB4 for the 5 days resting as indicated in . The bar graphs report the mean ± SD of the percentage of positive cells in the different conditions. Statistical analysis by two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s test for multiple comparison was conducted. (** p < 0.001, *** p < 0.0001, **** p < 0.00001).

Article Snippet: The human glioma cell line, U87-MG, was obtained from CLS Cell Lines Service GmbH (Eppelheim, Germany).

Techniques: Marker, Expressing

Journal: Cells

Article Title: The Longevity-Associated Variant of BPIFB4 Reduces Senescence in Glioma Cells and in Patients’ Lymphocytes Favoring Chemotherapy Efficacy

doi: 10.3390/cells11020294

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cytokine analysis of Senescent U87-MG glioblastoma cell line. Secretory profile of U87-MG glioma cell line after 24 h treatment with etoposide (6 μM) and 5 days resting in the presence or absence of 18 ng/mL of rhLAV-BPIFB4 for the last 48 h as detected by multiplex ELISA of the cell medium. The etoposide induced the secretion of some SASP factors: IL-1β, MCP1, IL-6, and IL-8; the 48 h treatment with rhLAV-BPIFB4 modulated this secretory phenotype. Statistical analysis by two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s test for multiple comparison was conducted. (**** p < 0.0001).

Article Snippet: The human glioma cell line, U87-MG, was obtained from CLS Cell Lines Service GmbH (Eppelheim, Germany).

Techniques: Multiplex Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: Cells

Article Title: The Longevity-Associated Variant of BPIFB4 Reduces Senescence in Glioma Cells and in Patients’ Lymphocytes Favoring Chemotherapy Efficacy

doi: 10.3390/cells11020294

Figure Lengend Snippet: Drug sensibilization in senescent U87-MG glioblastoma cell line. ( A ) Representative FACS dot plots showing the percentages of multidrug resistance protein (MDR)-positive U87-MG cells in different conditions as indicated. After inducing senescence with etoposide, the percentage of MDR-positive cells rose to 6.36%, and the 48 h treatment with rhLAV-BPIFB4 reduced this value to 0.72%. ( B ) Bar graph reporting the mean percentage values ± SD of MDR+ viable cells from 3 independent experiments. ( C ) Cytofluorometric analysis of Spider-β galactosidase in the U87-MG glioma cell line after 24 h treatment with TMZ (100 μM) and 5 days resting in the absence or presence with rhLAV-BPIFB4 for the last 48 h. The right panel reports the Western blot analysis of p16 and p21 senescence-related proteins in the same experimental condition. β-Actin was used as a control for quantitation of the sample protein. ( D ) BrdU proliferation assay on the U87-MG cell line after treatment with temozolomide (96 h, 100 μM). The LAV-BPIFB4 co-treatment induced a higher sensibilization to the drug in a dose–response manner. ( E ) Cytofluorimetric analysis of the HLA-E expression. The panel on left side shows a representative, of three independent experiments, histogram profile of HLA-E staining on U87-MG cells’ surface in the control and TMZ-treated cells with or without rhLAV-BPIFB4 for the last 48 h of the 5 days resting. ( F ) The right panel is a bar graph of percentage positive cells. The results are representative of 3 independent experiments expressed as the mean ± SD. ( G , H ) Induction of apoptosis measured by Annexin V and propidium iodide (PI) double-staining through flow cytometry in the U87-MG glioma cell line after 24 h of treatment with TMZ (100 μM) and 5 days resting in the absence or presence of rhLAV-BPIFB4 for the last 48 h. The left panel is a representative density plot of cytofluorometric analysis. Histograms on the right indicate total percentage of early (Annexin V-positive cells/PI-negative cells) and late apoptotic events (Annexin V/PI-double positive cells) as well as necrotic cells (Annexin V-negative cells/PI-positive cells). The results are representative of 3 independent experiments performed in duplicate and expressed as mean ± SD. Statistical analysis by two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s test for multiple comparison was conducted (* p < 0.01, ** p <0.001, *** p <0.0001, **** p < 0.00001).

Article Snippet: The human glioma cell line, U87-MG, was obtained from CLS Cell Lines Service GmbH (Eppelheim, Germany).

Techniques: Western Blot, Quantitation Assay, Proliferation Assay, Expressing, Staining, Double Staining, Flow Cytometry