Journal: Cell Death & Disease

Article Title: FAM3A drives uncoupling of muscle lipid accumulation and insulin resistance depending on insulin receptor

doi: 10.1038/s41419-025-08298-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: a Western blot images showing the presence of FAM3A in different cellular compartments in soleus muscles and heart tissues. b Levels of the FAM3A protein along with positive controls (TSG101 and CD9) and the negative control (calnexin) in plasma-derived exosomes from patients chosen at random. c Western blot images and quantification of the levels of p-AKT (thr308) and p-insR-β (tyr1150/1151) in cells treated with different concentrations (ng/ml) of rcFAM3A for 8 h (n = 4 biologically independent samples/group; quantitative comparisons between samples were run on the same gel). d Western blot images and quantification of the expression levels of the indicated proteins in soleus muscles from the mice treated with bms536924 and fed an HFD for 10 weeks (n = 6 biologically independent animals/group; quantitative comparisons between samples were run on the same gel). e Western blot images and quantification of the expression levels of the indicated proteins in cells pre-treated with bms536924 or transfected with the insR siRNA and then stimulated with rcFAM3A (200 ng/ml; n = 4 biologically independent samples/group; quantitative comparisons between samples were run on the same gel). The lipid droplets detected by oil red O staining ( f ) and TG content ( g ) were measured in soleus muscles from the mice treated with bms536924 and fed an HFD for five weeks and the results were plotted (n = 6 biologically independent animals/group). Scale bar: 200 μm, insets: 100 μm in ( f ). C2C12 cells were treated with rcFAM3A (200 ng/ml) for 12 hours. Cellular De novo FA synthesis ( h ) and TG content ( i ) were measured and graphed (n = 3 biologically independent samples/group). j , k Body adiposity and body weight gain were measured in mice treated with bms536924 and fed an HFD for 10 weeks and the results were plotted (n = 7 biologically independent animals/group). The data are presented as the means ± SEMs. Statistical significance was determined with a two-tailed independent t test, and P values are indicated ( ns P ≥ 0.05). Source data are provided as a file.

Article Snippet: For the experiments, the C2C12, HL-1, and 3T3-L1 cell lines were treated with 200 ng/ml rcFAM3A or chemical PPARα inhibitor GW6471 (8 μM diluted with DMSO; Topscience, #T8486) [ ] or chemical insulin receptor (insR) inhibitor bms536924 (4 μΜ diluted with DMSO; Topscience, #T6419) for 12 h. For insR silencing, C2C12 cells were incubated with 0.5 μg/ml siRNA (Santa Cruz, #sc-35673).

Techniques: Western Blot, Muscles, Negative Control, Clinical Proteomics, Derivative Assay, Expressing, Transfection, Staining, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

Article Title: Downregulation of Inflammatory Response via Nrf2/Trx1/TXNIP Axis in Oxidative Stress-Induced ARPE-19 Cells and Mouse Model of AMD

doi: 10.1155/2022/1497813

Figure Lengend Snippet: The role of Nrf2 in the inflammatory activation of retina. (a) RT-PCR analysis of mRNA in the following four groups: control, Blue LED, DMSO+Blue LED, and tBHQ+Blue LED. (b) Western blot of Nrf2, NLRP3, and related proteins in the following four groups: control, Blue LED, DMSO+Blue LED, and tBHQ+Blue LED. (c) Quantification of Nrf2, NLRP3, and related protein expression. Data represent mean ± SD; n = 3 for each group. ∗ P < 0.05 vs. control; ∗∗ P < 0.01 vs. control; # P < 0.05 vs. Blue LED; ## P < 0.01 vs. Blue LED; & P < 0.05 vs. tBHQ; && P < 0.01 vs. tBHQ.

Article Snippet: Cell counting kit- (CCK-) 8 and the Reactive Oxygen Species Assay Kit were purchased from Yeasen (Shanghai, China). tBHQ (30 μ M) dissolved in DMSO was purchased from Topscience (Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Activation Assay, Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction, Control, Western Blot, Expressing

Journal: Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

Article Title: Downregulation of Inflammatory Response via Nrf2/Trx1/TXNIP Axis in Oxidative Stress-Induced ARPE-19 Cells and Mouse Model of AMD

doi: 10.1155/2022/1497813

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of Nrf2 on TXNIP and NLRP3 in the retina. (a) RT-PCR analysis of mRNA in the following six groups: control, Blue LED, DMSO+Blue LED, tBHQ+Blue LED, shCtrl+Blue LED, and tBHQ+shTrx1+Blue LED. (b) Western blot of NLRP3 and TXNIP proteins in the following six groups: control, Blue LED, DMSO+Blue LED, tBHQ+Blue LED, shCtrl+Blue LED, and tBHQ+shTrx1+Blue LED. (c) Quantification of NLRP3 and TXNIP protein expression. Data represent mean ± SD; n = 3 for each group. ∗ P < 0.05 vs. control; ∗∗ P < 0.01 vs. control; # P < 0.05 vs. Blue LED; # P < 0.05 vs. Blue LED; ## P < 0.01 vs. Blue LED; & P < 0.05 vs. Blue LED; && P < 0.01 vs. tBHQ+Blue LED.

Article Snippet: Cell counting kit- (CCK-) 8 and the Reactive Oxygen Species Assay Kit were purchased from Yeasen (Shanghai, China). tBHQ (30 μ M) dissolved in DMSO was purchased from Topscience (Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction, Control, Western Blot, Expressing

Journal: Cell Death & Disease

Article Title: FAM3A drives uncoupling of muscle lipid accumulation and insulin resistance depending on insulin receptor

doi: 10.1038/s41419-025-08298-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: a Western blot images and quantification of the expression levels of FAM3A and PPARα in soleus muscles from WT mice and FAM3A_Tg mice fed an HFD for ten weeks (n = 6 biologically independent animals/group; quantitative comparisons between samples were run on the same gel). b , c Representative images and quantification of immunohistochemistry staining for the PPARα protein in soleus skeletal muscles from FAM3A_Tg mice and rcFAM3A-infused mice (n = 6 biologically independent animals/group). Scale bar: 200 μm. d Western blot images and quantification of the expression level of PPARα in cells treated with different concentrations (ng/ml) of rcFAM3A for 8 h (n = 4 biologically independent samples/group; quantitative comparisons between samples were run on the same gel). e Western blot images and quantification of the expression levels of the indicated proteins in soleus muscles from mice treated with GW6471 and fed an HFD for 10 weeks (n = 6 biologically independent animals/group; quantitative comparisons between samples were run on the same gel). f Western blot images and quantification of the expression levels of the indicated proteins in cells pre-treated with GW6471 and then stimulated with rcFAM3A (200 ng/ml; n = 4 biologically independent samples/group; quantitative comparisons between samples were run on the same gel). g TG content was measured in soleus muscles from mice fed an HFD for five weeks and the results were plotted (n = 6 biologically independent animals/group). h – j C2C12 or HL-1 cells were treated with rcFAM3A (200 ng/ml) for 12 h. Cellular De novo FA synthesis ( h ), TG content ( i ), and LD content ( j ) were measured and graphed (n = 3 biologically independent samples/group). k , l Body adiposity and body weight gain were measured in mice fed an HFD for 10 weeks and the results were plotted (n = 12 or 7 biologically independent animals/group in k or l , respectively). The data are presented as the means ± SEMs. Statistical significance was determined with a two-tailed independent t test, and P values are indicated ( ns P ≥ 0.05). Source data are provided as a file.

Article Snippet: For the experiments, the C2C12, HL-1, and 3T3-L1 cell lines were treated with 200 ng/ml rcFAM3A or chemical PPARα inhibitor GW6471 (8 μM diluted with DMSO; Topscience, #T8486) [ ] or chemical insulin receptor (insR) inhibitor bms536924 (4 μΜ diluted with DMSO; Topscience, #T6419) for 12 h. For insR silencing, C2C12 cells were incubated with 0.5 μg/ml siRNA (Santa Cruz, #sc-35673).

Techniques: Western Blot, Expressing, Muscles, Immunohistochemistry, Staining, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Cell Death & Disease

Article Title: FAM3A drives uncoupling of muscle lipid accumulation and insulin resistance depending on insulin receptor

doi: 10.1038/s41419-025-08298-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: The TNF-α ( a ), IL1β ( b ), and IL6 ( c ) levels in soleus muscles were measured in mice treated with GW6471 and fed an HFD for 16 weeks and the results were plotted (n = 6 biologically independent animals/group). d Western blot images and quantification of the nuclear p65 levels in soleus muscles from the mice treated as described in a (n = 5 biologically independent samples/group; quantitative comparisons between samples were run on the same gel). The plasma fasting glucose ( e ), insulin ( f ), glucagon ( g ), triglyceride (TG, h ), and free fatty acid (FFA, i ) levels were measured and plotted for the mice treated as described in a (n = 12 biologically independent animals/group). Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT, j ) and insulin tolerance test (ITT, k ) were performed on the mice treated as in a (n = 6 biologically independent animals/group). *FAM3A_Tg versus WT mice; # FAM3A_Tg+GW6471 versus FAM3A_Tg mice. The respiratory exchange ratio ( l ) and the respiratory volumes of O 2 ( m ) and CO 2 ( n ) were measured and plotted for the mice fed an HFD for 6–10 weeks (n = 6 biologically independent animals/group). The data are presented as the means ± SEMs. Statistical significance was determined with a two-tailed independent t test, and P values are indicated ( ns P ≥ 0.05). Source data are provided as a file.

Article Snippet: For the experiments, the C2C12, HL-1, and 3T3-L1 cell lines were treated with 200 ng/ml rcFAM3A or chemical PPARα inhibitor GW6471 (8 μM diluted with DMSO; Topscience, #T8486) [ ] or chemical insulin receptor (insR) inhibitor bms536924 (4 μΜ diluted with DMSO; Topscience, #T6419) for 12 h. For insR silencing, C2C12 cells were incubated with 0.5 μg/ml siRNA (Santa Cruz, #sc-35673).

Techniques: Muscles, Western Blot, Clinical Proteomics, Two Tailed Test