Journal: Journal of Functional Foods

Article Title: Anti-inflammatory effects and molecular mechanisms of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica) tea

doi: 10.1016/j.jff.2013.11.019

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 5 – Inhibition of C and C2 fractions on NF-jB signaling. The cells were treated by C (A, C) and C2 (B, D) fractions of LTE in indicated concentrations for 30 min and then stimulated with LPS (40 ng/ml) for 30 min to detect I-jB or with LPS (1 lg/ml) for 10 min to detect IKK and TAK1, or 3 h to detect IRF3 and its phosphorylation by Western blotting with their antibodies respectively. The induction fold of proteins was calculated as the intensity of the treatment relative to that of control by densitometry. The blots shown are the examples of two separated experiments.

Article Snippet: Antibodies against phosphor-ERK1/2, phosphor-p38 kinase, phosphor-JNK, ERK1/2, p38 kinase, JNK, phosphor-TAK1 (Thr184/187), phospho-IKKa/b (ser176/180), IjB-a and phospho-IRF3 were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology, Beverly, MA, USA.

Techniques: Inhibition, Phospho-proteomics, Western Blot, Control

Journal: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM

Article Title: Ginsenoside Rh2 Downregulates LPS-Induced NF- κ B Activation through Inhibition of TAK1 Phosphorylation in RAW 264.7 Murine Macrophage

doi: 10.1155/2013/646728

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of ginsenoside Rh2 on TAK1 phosphorylation. RAW 264.7 cells were pretreated with indicated concentrations of ginsenoside Rh2 for 1 h prior to incubation of LPS (1 μ g/mL) for 30 min. p-TAK1 was determined by western blot. Each immunoreactive band was digitized and expressed as a ratio of α -tubulin levels. The ratio of the normal group band was set to 1.00. Data are expressed as mean ± SD of three independent experiments. *** P < 0.001, significantly different when compared with LPS-stimulated cells.

Article Snippet: Anti-NF- κ B p65, anti-I κ B- α , anti-TLR4, anti-CD14, and anti-HIF-1 α antibodies were obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA); anti-phospho-TAK1 antibody was obtained from Cell Signalling Technology (Beverly, MA, USA); anti- α -tubulin antibody was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Loius, MO, USA).

Techniques: Phospho-proteomics, Incubation, Western Blot

Journal: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM

Article Title: Ginsenoside Rh2 Downregulates LPS-Induced NF- κ B Activation through Inhibition of TAK1 Phosphorylation in RAW 264.7 Murine Macrophage

doi: 10.1155/2013/646728

Figure Lengend Snippet: A proposed pathway scheme of ginsenoside Rh2 on LPS-primed RAW 264.7 murine macrophages. Ginsenoside Rh2 inhibits upstream signal TLR4/CD14 expressions and regulates TAK1 phosphorylation, eventually blocking NF- κ B activation. Meanwhile, ginsenoside Rh2 suppressed LPS-induced HIF-1 α accumulation at least partially dependent on NF- κ B activation. This study indicates that ginsenoside Rh2 effectively modulates the regulation of NF- κ B via TAK1 in RAW 264.7 murine macrophages.

Article Snippet: Anti-NF- κ B p65, anti-I κ B- α , anti-TLR4, anti-CD14, and anti-HIF-1 α antibodies were obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA); anti-phospho-TAK1 antibody was obtained from Cell Signalling Technology (Beverly, MA, USA); anti- α -tubulin antibody was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Loius, MO, USA).

Techniques: Phospho-proteomics, Blocking Assay, Activation Assay