Journal: Journal of Animal Science

Article Title: Analysis for low-molecular-weight carbohydrates is needed to account for all energy-contributing nutrients in some feed ingredients, but physical characteristics do not predict in vitro digestibility of dry matter

doi: 10.1093/jas/sky010

Figure Lengend Snippet: Analyzed nutrient composition of corn, wheat, soybean meal, canola meal, distillers dried grains with solubles, corn germ meal, copra expellers, sugar beet pulp, synthetic cellulose, and pectin, as-fed basis

Article Snippet: Corn (Premier Cooperative, Philo, IL) and wheat (Siemers, Teutopolis, IL) were the 2 cereal grains used, and conventional dehulled SBM (Solae LLC, Gibson City, IL) and conventional canola meal (Dow AgroSciences, Indianapolis, IN) were obtained to represent oilseed meals that are used as protein sources in swine diets.

Techniques: Starch

Journal: Journal of Animal Science

Article Title: Analysis for low-molecular-weight carbohydrates is needed to account for all energy-contributing nutrients in some feed ingredients, but physical characteristics do not predict in vitro digestibility of dry matter

doi: 10.1093/jas/sky010

Figure Lengend Snippet: Analyzed amino acid composition of corn, wheat, soybean meal, canola meal, distillers dried grains with solubles, corn germ meal, copra expellers, sugar beet pulp, synthetic cellulose, and pectin, as-fed basis

Article Snippet: Corn (Premier Cooperative, Philo, IL) and wheat (Siemers, Teutopolis, IL) were the 2 cereal grains used, and conventional dehulled SBM (Solae LLC, Gibson City, IL) and conventional canola meal (Dow AgroSciences, Indianapolis, IN) were obtained to represent oilseed meals that are used as protein sources in swine diets.

Techniques:

Journal: Journal of Animal Science

Article Title: Analysis for low-molecular-weight carbohydrates is needed to account for all energy-contributing nutrients in some feed ingredients, but physical characteristics do not predict in vitro digestibility of dry matter

doi: 10.1093/jas/sky010

Figure Lengend Snippet: Analyzed mineral composition of corn, wheat, soybean meal, canola meal, distillers dried grains with solubles, corn germ meal, copra expellers, sugar beet pulp, synthetic cellulose, and pectin, as-fed basis

Article Snippet: Corn (Premier Cooperative, Philo, IL) and wheat (Siemers, Teutopolis, IL) were the 2 cereal grains used, and conventional dehulled SBM (Solae LLC, Gibson City, IL) and conventional canola meal (Dow AgroSciences, Indianapolis, IN) were obtained to represent oilseed meals that are used as protein sources in swine diets.

Techniques:

Journal: Journal of Animal Science

Article Title: Analysis for low-molecular-weight carbohydrates is needed to account for all energy-contributing nutrients in some feed ingredients, but physical characteristics do not predict in vitro digestibility of dry matter

doi: 10.1093/jas/sky010

Figure Lengend Snippet: Bulk density, swelling, WBC, and viscosity of corn, wheat, soybean meal, canola meal, distillers dried grains with solubles, corn germ meal, copra expellers, sugar beet pulp, synthetic cellulose, and pectin

Article Snippet: Corn (Premier Cooperative, Philo, IL) and wheat (Siemers, Teutopolis, IL) were the 2 cereal grains used, and conventional dehulled SBM (Solae LLC, Gibson City, IL) and conventional canola meal (Dow AgroSciences, Indianapolis, IN) were obtained to represent oilseed meals that are used as protein sources in swine diets.

Techniques: Viscosity

Journal: Journal of Animal Science

Article Title: Analysis for low-molecular-weight carbohydrates is needed to account for all energy-contributing nutrients in some feed ingredients, but physical characteristics do not predict in vitro digestibility of dry matter

doi: 10.1093/jas/sky010

Figure Lengend Snippet: IVAID and IVATTD of DM and OM in corn, wheat, soybean meal, canola meal, distillers dried grains with solubles, corn germ meal, copra expellers, sugar beet pulp, synthetic cellulose, and pectin

Article Snippet: Corn (Premier Cooperative, Philo, IL) and wheat (Siemers, Teutopolis, IL) were the 2 cereal grains used, and conventional dehulled SBM (Solae LLC, Gibson City, IL) and conventional canola meal (Dow AgroSciences, Indianapolis, IN) were obtained to represent oilseed meals that are used as protein sources in swine diets.

Techniques:

Journal: Journal of Animal Science and Technology

Article Title: Effects of citric acid and heat-treated soybean meal on rumen fermentation characteristics, methane emissions, and microbiota: an in vitro study

doi: 10.5187/jast.2024.e102

Figure Lengend Snippet: SBM, untreated soybean meal; HSBM, heat-treated soybean meal; CSBM, citric acid-treated soybean meal; HCSBM, heat and citric acid-treated soybean meal.

Article Snippet: The SBM and CA used for the in vitro experiments were provided by GeneBiotech (Gongju, Korea).

Techniques:

Journal: Journal of Animal Science and Technology

Article Title: Effects of citric acid and heat-treated soybean meal on rumen fermentation characteristics, methane emissions, and microbiota: an in vitro study

doi: 10.5187/jast.2024.e102

Figure Lengend Snippet: SBM, untreated soybean meal; HSBM, heat-treated soybean meal; CSBM, citric acid-treated soybean meal; HCSBM, heat and citric acid-treated soybean meal.

Article Snippet: The SBM and CA used for the in vitro experiments were provided by GeneBiotech (Gongju, Korea).

Techniques:

Journal: Journal of Animal Science and Technology

Article Title: Effects of citric acid and heat-treated soybean meal on rumen fermentation characteristics, methane emissions, and microbiota: an in vitro study

doi: 10.5187/jast.2024.e102

Figure Lengend Snippet: Differences in the rumen microbiota were compared using permutational multivariate analysis of variance. PC, principal component; SBM, untreated soybean meal; HSBM, heat-treated soybean meal; CSBM, citric acid-treated soybean meal; HCSBM, heat and citric acid-treated soybean meal.

Article Snippet: The SBM and CA used for the in vitro experiments were provided by GeneBiotech (Gongju, Korea).

Techniques:

Journal: Journal of Animal Science and Technology

Article Title: Effects of citric acid and heat-treated soybean meal on rumen fermentation characteristics, methane emissions, and microbiota: an in vitro study

doi: 10.5187/jast.2024.e102

Figure Lengend Snippet: The visualized taxa include those with an occurrence rate of ≥ 30% and a relative abundance of ≥ 0.5% in at least one treatment. UCG represents an uncultured genus-level group, while UG denotes an unclassified genus. Others represent bacteria with an occurrence rate of < 30% and a relative abundance of < 0.5%. SBM, untreated soybean meal; HSBM, heat-treated soybean meal; CSBM, citric acid-treated soybean meal; HCSBM, heat and citric acid-treated soybean meal.

Article Snippet: The SBM and CA used for the in vitro experiments were provided by GeneBiotech (Gongju, Korea).

Techniques: Bacteria

Journal: Journal of Animal Science and Technology

Article Title: Effects of citric acid and heat-treated soybean meal on rumen fermentation characteristics, methane emissions, and microbiota: an in vitro study

doi: 10.5187/jast.2024.e102

Figure Lengend Snippet: Only major phyla with an occurrence rate of ≥ 30% and a relative abundance of ≥ 0.1% in at least one treatment were included in the evaluation. (A) Relative abundance of prokaryotic phyla, represented as mean ± standard error. Screening p -values were obtained using ANCOM-BC’s global test, with only significantly different phyla based on the p -values visualized. (B)–(G) Pairwise comparisons: (B) SBM vs. HSBM, (C) SBM vs. CSBM, (D) SBM vs. HCSBM, (E) HSBM vs. CSBM, (F) HSBM vs. HCSBM, and (G) CSBM vs. HCSBM. Data are shown as log fold change ± 95% confidence interval, with red symbols indicating significantly different phyla. SBM, untreated soybean meal; HSBM, heat-treated soybean meal; CSBM, citric acid-treated soybean meal; HCSBM, heat and citric acid-treated soybean meal; ANCOM-BC, analysis of the composition of microbiomes with bias correction.

Article Snippet: The SBM and CA used for the in vitro experiments were provided by GeneBiotech (Gongju, Korea).

Techniques:

Journal: Journal of Animal Science and Technology

Article Title: Effects of citric acid and heat-treated soybean meal on rumen fermentation characteristics, methane emissions, and microbiota: an in vitro study

doi: 10.5187/jast.2024.e102

Figure Lengend Snippet: Only major genera with an occurrence rate of ≥ 30% and a relative abundance of ≥ 0.1% in at least one treatment were included in the evaluation. (A) Relative abundance of prokaryotic genera, represented as mean ± standard error. Screening p -values were obtained using ANCOM-BC’s global test, with only significantly different genera based on p -values visualized. (B)–(G) Pairwise comparisons: (B) SBM vs. HSBM, (C) SBM vs. CSBM, (D) SBM vs. HCSBM, (E) HSBM vs. CSBM, (F) HSBM vs. HCSBM, and (G) CSBM vs. HCSBM. Data are shown as log fold change ± 95% confidence interval, with red symbols indicating significantly different genera, while a blue symbol indicates a statistical tendency. SBM, untreated soybean meal; HSBM, heat-treated soybean meal; CSBM, citric acid-treated soybean meal; HCSBM, heat and citric acid-treated soybean meal; ANCOM-BC, analysis of the composition of microbiomes with bias correction.

Article Snippet: The SBM and CA used for the in vitro experiments were provided by GeneBiotech (Gongju, Korea).

Techniques:

Journal: Journal of Animal Science and Technology

Article Title: Effects of citric acid and heat-treated soybean meal on rumen fermentation characteristics, methane emissions, and microbiota: an in vitro study

doi: 10.5187/jast.2024.e102

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) PCA plot based on KEGG orthologs. Only primary KEGG modules with a relative abundance of ≥ 0.01% in at least one treatment were assessed using ANCOM-BC. (B)-(G) Differentially enriched KEGG modules Data are shown as log-fold changes with 95% confidence intervals. Red symbols indicate significantly different KEGG modules, whereas blue symbols denote statistical tendencies. KEGG, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes; PC, principal component; SBM, untreated soybean meal; HSBM, heat-treated soybean meal; CSBM, citric acid-treated soybean meal; HCSBM, heat and citric acid-treated soybean meal; ANCOM-BC, analysis of the composition of microbiomes with bias correction; PCA, principal component analysis.

Article Snippet: The SBM and CA used for the in vitro experiments were provided by GeneBiotech (Gongju, Korea).

Techniques: