Journal: Micromachines

Article Title: A Review of Neurologgers for Extracellular Recording of Neuronal Activity in the Brain of Freely Behaving Wild Animals

doi: 10.3390/mi13091529

Figure Lengend Snippet: Innovation of wireless devices for neuronal activity. ( A ) Simplified diagram of wireless neuronal recording devices. A core component (ex. RHD2000/RHA2000 chips, Intan Technologies, Los Angeles, CA, USA) and microcontroller (custom AISC or FPGA) are implemented in both wireless transmission and logging devices. After a core process consisting of buffering, amplifying, and multiplexed AD conversion, wireless logging devices called neurologgers directly store signals in the tiny memory media inside the device (enclosed within the blue shaded area), whereas wireless transmission types transmit signals to a desktop server (top right). ( B , C ) Timelines of the development of wireless devices. ( B ) Wireless transmission devices have been available since the 2000s. After ca. 2010, neuronal activity could be digitized before being transmitted. ( C ) Neurologgers have been available since the 2010s. The number of recordable channels is progressively increasing for neurologgers. Vendors have been listed and underlined in italics. Only representative products were listed within the color-coded ellipse for each vendor. TBSI: Triangle BioSystems International, USA; MCS: Multi Channel Systems, Germany; Blackrock: Blackrock Neurotech, UT, USA; Deuteron tech: Deuteron Technologies, Israel; Evolocus: Evolocus, NY, USA; SpikeGadgets: SpikeGadgets, CA, USA.

Article Snippet: The neurologgers manufactured by Deuteron Technologies (Jerusalem, Israel), which Ulanovsky et al. used in the above-mentioned studies, are based on the RHA2000 or RHD2000 chips and are capable of recording neuronal activity in a stable manner for long periods.

Techniques: Activity Assay, Transmission Assay

Journal: Micromachines

Article Title: A Review of Neurologgers for Extracellular Recording of Neuronal Activity in the Brain of Freely Behaving Wild Animals

doi: 10.3390/mi13091529

Figure Lengend Snippet: Neurologger specifications. The total weight of the Modular Stacking Headstage (SpikeGadgets, CA, USA) and Neurologger 3 (Evolocus, NY, USA) depends on the configuration. The number of recordable channels for Neuropixels Headstage (SpikeGadgets) was 384 for one Neuropixels 1.0 probe, but 400 channels are available across three Neuropixels 1.0 probes. The wireless monitoring function implemented in neurologgers produced by Deuteron Technologies is immensely effective in outdoor experiments, specifically if electrode adjustment is required.

Article Snippet: The neurologgers manufactured by Deuteron Technologies (Jerusalem, Israel), which Ulanovsky et al. used in the above-mentioned studies, are based on the RHA2000 or RHD2000 chips and are capable of recording neuronal activity in a stable manner for long periods.

Techniques: Produced

Journal: Micromachines

Article Title: A Review of Neurologgers for Extracellular Recording of Neuronal Activity in the Brain of Freely Behaving Wild Animals

doi: 10.3390/mi13091529

Figure Lengend Snippet: Neurologgers unveil the neural correlate of spatial cognition in 3D and large spaces. ( A ) In 3D space, place fields (blue spheres) of bat grid cells are arranged as if they were balls packed in a box. ( B ) A single place cell in the hippocampal CA1 of bats has multiple place fields (blue arcs) with variable sizes during the flight in a 200-m-long tunnel. ( C ) Electroencephalogram (EEG) in the hyperpallium of frigatebirds alternates between sleep states in each hemisphere.

Article Snippet: The neurologgers manufactured by Deuteron Technologies (Jerusalem, Israel), which Ulanovsky et al. used in the above-mentioned studies, are based on the RHA2000 or RHD2000 chips and are capable of recording neuronal activity in a stable manner for long periods.

Techniques:

Journal: Micromachines

Article Title: A Review of Neurologgers for Extracellular Recording of Neuronal Activity in the Brain of Freely Behaving Wild Animals

doi: 10.3390/mi13091529

Figure Lengend Snippet: Neurologgers enable the examination of the neural correlate of underwater behaviors. The neurologger enclosed in the 3D printed custom-made waterproof case enables us to record neuronal activity from the telencephalon of freely swimming goldfish (bottom) and trout, salmonid fish (top) in the water. Head direction (HD) cells preferentially fire at a specific heading direction, as demonstrated in a polar plot of the HD tuning curve of an HD cell (bottom right). HD cells were found in the brain of goldfish and trout.

Article Snippet: The neurologgers manufactured by Deuteron Technologies (Jerusalem, Israel), which Ulanovsky et al. used in the above-mentioned studies, are based on the RHA2000 or RHD2000 chips and are capable of recording neuronal activity in a stable manner for long periods.

Techniques: Activity Assay