Journal: Molecular and cellular endocrinology

Article Title: CD26/DPPIV inhibition alters the expression of immune response-related genes in the thymi of NOD mice.

doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.02.014

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 3. Analysis of the gene expression profile at protein level. Levels of PLUNC, CCL21 and REG3G measured by ELISAs in control (C, n ¼ 5) and treated (T, n ¼ 5) groups. Results are expressed as pg of protein of interest/mg of total protein (mean þ SEM). Non parametric ManneWhitney test was used for the evaluation of statistical significance.

Article Snippet: Protein concentration of the lysates was determined using the Bicinchoninic acid (BCA) assay (Thermo Scientific) and the assessment of PLUNC, CCL21 (Abbexa Ltd., Cambridge, UK) and REG3G (Cusabio, Hubei, China) was performed by the corresponding ELISAs.

Techniques: Gene Expression, Control

Journal: Experimental & molecular medicine

Article Title: Activation of the osteoblastic HIF-1α pathway partially alleviates the symptoms of STZ-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus via RegIIIγ.

doi: 10.1038/s12276-024-01257-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 3 Osteoblastic-derived RegIIIγ assists mice in resisting STZ-induced T1DM. a Representative images of IF staining of RegIIIγ in bone tissue from the RegIIIγ cKO mice and their littermates. b Serum RegIIIγ levels in the RegIIIγ cKO mice and their littermate controls (n = 6). c Random blood glucose levels in the RegIIIγ cKO mice and their littermate controls after STZ induction (n = 5). d Fasting blood glucose levels in the RegIIIγ cKO mice and their littermate controls after STZ induction (n = 6). e Serum insulin levels in the RegIIIγ cKO mice and their littermate controls after STZ induction (n = 5). f GTTs of the RegIIIγ cKO mice and their littermate controls subjected to STZ induction (n = 6). g Compared with the control mice, the RegIIIγ cKO mice exhibited a decreased ability to increase GSIS under STZ conditions. h Representative images of HE-stained pancreatic islets from the RegIIIγ cKO mice and their littermate controls subjected to STZ induction. i, j Representative images of insulin IHC and IF staining of the RegIIIγ cKO mice and their littermate controls subjected to STZ induction. k Insulin mRNA expression in the pancreatic islets of the RegIIIγ cKO mice and their littermate controls after STZ induction (n = 3). l, n Pancreatic islet BAX IHC staining of the RegIIIγ cKO mice and their littermate controls after STZ induction. m, o PCNA IHC staining of pancreatic islets from the RegIIIγ cKO mice and their littermate controls after STZ induction. p The islet equivalent (IEQ) of the RegIIIγ cKO mice was lower than that of their control littermates after STZ treatment (n = 5). q Body weight changes in the RegIIIγ cKO mice and their littermate controls after STZ injection. All data are presented as the mean ± SEM, and p values were analyzed by two-tailed t-tests in (b–e, k, n–p) and two-way ANOVA in (f, g, q). **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. All the data are representative of two to three independent experiments. The data were obtained from male mice.

Article Snippet: ELISAs were used to determine the serum insulin (Invitrogen, EMINS), RegIIIγ (Cusabio, CSB-EL019549MO), LCM2 (R&D, MLCN20), and OCN (Abcam, ab285236) levels.

Techniques: Derivative Assay, Staining, Control, Expressing, Immunohistochemistry, Injection, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Experimental & molecular medicine

Article Title: Activation of the osteoblastic HIF-1α pathway partially alleviates the symptoms of STZ-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus via RegIIIγ.

doi: 10.1038/s12276-024-01257-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 5 SF-DFO activates the osteoblastic HIF-1α-RegIIIγ pathway and partially alleviates the symptoms of T1DM in adult mice. a WB analysis of HIF-1α and RegIIIγ protein expression in the bone tissues of the mice treated with or without SF-DFO. b HIF-1α and RegIIIγ immunostaining in bone tissue. c, d VEGF and RegIIIγ mRNA expression in the bone tissues of the mice treated with or without SF-DFO (n = 3). e Serum RegIIIγ levels in the mice treated with or without SF-DFO (n = 5). f Fasting blood glucose in the mice treated with STZ/SF-DFO (n = 5). g Serum insulin levels in the mice treated with STZ/SF-DFO (n = 5). h GSIS of the mice treated with STZ/SF-DFO (n = 5). i, k, l Islet HE staining, insulin immunostaining, and insulin, BAX, and PCNA IHC staining images of the mice treated with STZ/SF-DFO (n = 5). j Insulin mRNA expression in the islets of the mice treated with STZ/SF-DFO (n = 3). m Calculation of islet equivalent quantity in the mice treated with STZ/SF- DFO (n = 5). All data are presented as the mean ± SEM, and p values were analyzed by two-tailed t-tests in (c–e); one-way ANOVA in (f, g, j–m); and two-way ANOVA in (h). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. All the data are representative of two to three independent experiments. The data were obtained from male mice.

Article Snippet: ELISAs were used to determine the serum insulin (Invitrogen, EMINS), RegIIIγ (Cusabio, CSB-EL019549MO), LCM2 (R&D, MLCN20), and OCN (Abcam, ab285236) levels.

Techniques: Expressing, Immunostaining, Staining, Immunohistochemistry, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Experimental & molecular medicine

Article Title: Activation of the osteoblastic HIF-1α pathway partially alleviates the symptoms of STZ-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus via RegIIIγ.

doi: 10.1038/s12276-024-01257-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 6 SF-DFO restores the impaired osteoblastic HIF-1α-RegIIIγ pathway and partially relieves the symptoms of T1DM in elderly mice. a HIF-1α IHC staining of femurs from 8-week-old and 72-week-old young and old mice. b VEGF mRNA expression in bone tissue from the young and old mice after the removal of bone marrow and incubation in an incubator with 1% oxygen for 24 h (n = 6). c Representative images of RegIIIγ IF staining in the young and old mouse femurs. d RegIIIγ mRNA expression in bone tissue from the young and old mice after the removal of bone marrow and incubation in an incubator with 1% oxygen for 24 h (n = 6). e Serum RegIIIγ levels in the old and SF-DFO- treated old mice (n = 6). f Fasting blood glucose in the old and SF-DFO-treated old mice after STZ-induced islet injury (n = 7). g Serum insulin levels in the old and SF-DFO-treated old mice after STZ-induced islet injury (n = 9). h, j, k Representative images of islet HE staining, insulin immunostaining, and BAX and PCNA IHC staining in the old and SF-DFO-treated old mice after STZ-induced islet injury. i Insulin mRNA expression in the islets of the SF-DFO-treated old mice after STZ-induced islet injury. l Calculation of the equivalent islet quantity in the SF- DFO-treated old mice after STZ-induced islet injury. All data are presented as the mean ± SEM, and p values were analyzed by two-tailed t-tests in (e) and one-way ANOVA in (b, d, f, g, i–l). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. All the data are representative of two to three independent experiments. The data were obtained from male mice.

Article Snippet: ELISAs were used to determine the serum insulin (Invitrogen, EMINS), RegIIIγ (Cusabio, CSB-EL019549MO), LCM2 (R&D, MLCN20), and OCN (Abcam, ab285236) levels.

Techniques: Immunohistochemistry, Expressing, Incubation, Staining, Immunostaining, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Experimental & molecular medicine

Article Title: Activation of the osteoblastic HIF-1α pathway partially alleviates the symptoms of STZ-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus via RegIIIγ.

doi: 10.1038/s12276-024-01257-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 7 Schematic showing how activation of the osteoblastic HIF-1α pathway alleviates the symptoms of STZ-induced T1DM via RegIIIγ. a HIF-1α increases RegIIIγ gene expression by binding to the promoter region of RegIIIγ. b RegIIIγ secreted by osteoblasts enters the blood circulation. c Osteoblast-derived RegIIIγ enters the pancreas through the blood circulation. d Osteoblast-derived RegIIIγ decreases STZ- induced β cell injury. e SF-DFO activates the osteoblastic HIF-1α-RegIIIγ pathway to alleviate STZ-induced pancreatic β cell injury. This scheme was created with BioRender.com.

Article Snippet: ELISAs were used to determine the serum insulin (Invitrogen, EMINS), RegIIIγ (Cusabio, CSB-EL019549MO), LCM2 (R&D, MLCN20), and OCN (Abcam, ab285236) levels.

Techniques: Activation Assay, Gene Expression, Binding Assay, Derivative Assay