Journal: Biology

Article Title: Effect of Maternal Hyperglycemia on Fetal Pancreatic Islet Development

doi: 10.3390/biology14060728

Figure Lengend Snippet: Islet of Langerhans basal membrane protein immunostaining. ( A , C , E , G ): Immunohistochemistry of pan-laminin, laminin alpha 1 and gamma 1 chains and alpha 3 integrin. Islet of Langerhans—dashed line. Brown staining indicates protein-of-interest staining. Scale bar: 20.0 µm. ( B , D , F , H ): Quantification of stained area related to total islet area for each analyzed protein. Data presented as mean ± standard error of the mean, * p < 0,02 and *** p < 0.0001 vs. control group by Student’s t -test.

Article Snippet: For protein detection, sections were incubated with specific primary rabbit antibodies: pan-laminin (ab1575; Abcam, diluted 1:500, Cambridge, UK), alpha 1 laminin (sc H-300 Santa Cruz H-300: SC-5582 diluted 1:50, Santa Cruz, CA, USA), gamma 1 laminin (sc5584; Santa Cruz, diluted 1:50), alpha 3 integrin (600-401 R13, Rockland diluted 1:200, Baltimore, MD, USA), anti-PCNA (ab2426 Abcam 1: 200), anti-glucagon (# A0565 1:350) and anti-insulin (# A0564 1:250).

Techniques: Membrane, Immunostaining, Immunohistochemistry, Staining, Control

Journal: Antioxidants

Article Title: Oxidative Stress Plays an Important Role in Glutamatergic Excitotoxicity-Induced Cochlear Synaptopathy: Implication for Therapeutic Molecules Screening

doi: 10.3390/antiox13020149

Figure Lengend Snippet: BDNF, NT3, and BDNF mimetics boost synapse regeneration or repair. ( A – C ): Maximum intensity projections of confocal z-stacks of IHCs of the cochlear explants labeled with anti-CtBP2 (green), anti-PSD95 (red), and anti-VGLUT3 (blue) ( A ) and quantifications of synapses (paired CtBP2-PSD95) per IHC in cochlear regions coding 16 KHz ( B ) and 32 KHz ( C ). The cochlear samples were imaged in the regions coding 16 KHz and 32 kHz from explants treated with either medium alone for 2 h + 48 h (Ctrl + 48 h), medium containing kainate for 2 h and then medium alone for 48 h (KA + 48 h), medium containing 0.5 mM kainate for 2 h + NT3 for 48 h (KA + NT3 48 h), or kainate for 2 h+ BDNF for 48 h (KA + BDNF 48 h). Scale bar: ( A ) = 15 µm. ( D – I ): Quantification of synapses (paired CtBP2-PSD95) per IHC in cochlear regions coding 16 KHz ( D , F , H , J ) and 32 KHz ( E , G , I , K ). In ( D , E ), the samples were collected from explants exposed to medium alone for 2 h + 48 h (Ctrl + 48 h); medium containing kainate for 2 h, then medium alone for 48 h (KA + 48 h); medium containing kainate for 2 h, then medium containing LM22A-4 at 1, 5, and 10 µM for 48 h (KA + LM22A-4 48 h). In ( F , G ), the samples were collected from explants exposed to medium alone for 2 h + 48 h (Ctrl + 48 h); medium containing kainate for 2 h, then medium alone for 48 h (KA + 48 h); medium containing kainate for 2 h, then medium containing CF3CN at 1, 5, and 10 µM for 48 h (KA + CF3CN 48 h). In ( H , I ), the samples were collected from explants exposed to medium alone for 2 h + 48 h (Ctrl + 48 h); medium containing kainate for 2 h, then medium alone for 48 h (KA + 48 h); medium containing kainate for 2 h, then medium containing R13 at 1, 5, and 10 µM for 48 h (KA + R13 48 h). ( J , K ): Comparison of the regenerative efficacy of BDNF, NT3, and different BDNF mimetics at their effective concentration in the 16 and 32 kHz coding regions. All data are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 6–10 cochleae per condition). One-way ANOVA test was followed by Dunn’s test: * p ≤ 0.05, ** p ≤ 0.01, *** p ≤ 0.001, **** p ≤ 0.0001.

Article Snippet: R13, a TrkB ligand prodrug, was purchased from Axon Medchem (#3775, Groningen, Netherlands).

Techniques: Labeling, Comparison, Concentration Assay