Journal: Virology Journal

Article Title: ARFGAP1 serves as a critical host factor during E30 infection: QS11 inhibits viral pathogenesis in hFcRn-IFNAR −/− mice

doi: 10.1186/s12985-025-02971-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: ARFGAP1 inhibitor QS11 alleviates pathogenic symptoms in E30-infected hFcRn-IFNAR −/− mice (A and B) IHC analysis of E30 VP1 distribution in the brain and muscle of hFcRn-IFNAR −/− mice infected with E30 for five days, with and without QS11 treatment. (C and D) Immunofluorescence detection of viral dsRNA in the brain and muscle of hFcRn-IFNAR −/− mice infected with E30 for five days, with and without QS11 treatment, showing DAPI (blue) and E30 dsRNA (green). Arrows indicate the damaged areas of the cerebral cortex infected with E30. (E and F) Brain sections of hFcRn-IFNAR −/− mice infected with E30 (10 5 TCID 50 /100uL) for five days were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), with or without QS11 treatment. The left side represents the untreated QS11 group, while the right side represents the QS11-treated group. The boxes indicate the enlarged area on the right. H&E staining of representative sections from ( G ) intestine, ( H ) lung, ( I ) liver, ( J ) spleen, ( K ) kidney, and ( L ) heart hFcRn-IFNAR −/− mice infected with E30 for five days (with or without QS11 treatment). The left side shows the untreated QS11 group, while the right side shows the QS11 treated group. The scale bars is 20 mm

Article Snippet: Four hours prior to the E30 challenge, the mice were administered an intraperitoneal injection of either QS11 (10 μmol/L) (ARFGAP1 inhibitor, MCE, HY-12762) or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).

Techniques: Infection, Immunofluorescence, Staining

Journal: Virology Journal

Article Title: ARFGAP1 serves as a critical host factor during E30 infection: QS11 inhibits viral pathogenesis in hFcRn-IFNAR −/− mice

doi: 10.1186/s12985-025-02971-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: ARFGAP1 is important for E30 infection in vivo (A) Five-day-old hFcRn-IFNAR −/− mice were intraperitoneally injected with E30 (10 5 TCID 50 /100uL) along with either QS11 or DMSO. Subsequently, body weight, (B) clinical score, and (C) survival rate were continuously monitored over time. (D) Cell viability assays were conducted for QS11. (E) Five days post-infection, virus titers in the tissues of hFcRn-IFNAR −/− mice were measured. Tissue samples were collected from four experimental groups: E30-infected, QS11-treated, DMSO-treated, and E30-QS11-infection groups

Article Snippet: Four hours prior to the E30 challenge, the mice were administered an intraperitoneal injection of either QS11 (10 μmol/L) (ARFGAP1 inhibitor, MCE, HY-12762) or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).

Techniques: Infection, In Vivo, Injection, Virus

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Co-regulation of the Notch and Wnt signaling pathways promotes supporting cell proliferation and hair cell regeneration in mouse utricles

doi: 10.1038/srep29418

Figure Lengend Snippet: (Scale bar = 10 μm) (A) The untreated P3 mouse utricles cultured for 3 days showed very few EdU+/Sox2+ cells in the sensory epithelium. (B) When utricles were treated with DAPT for 3 days, there were some EdU+/Sox2+ cells in the sensory epithelium. (C) When utricles were treated with QS11 for 3 days, there were few EdU+/Sox2+ cells in the sensory epithelium and the number of SCs did not change significantly ( p > 0.05). (D) In the utricles treated with a combination of DAPT and QS11 for 3 days, there were more EdU+/Sox2+ cells compared to the DAPT-only and the QS11-only group ( p < 0.05). The number of SCs in the striolar region was greater than the control group ( p < 0.05). (D-1) The high magnifications of image D show two of EdU+/Sox2+ cells in the utricles. (G) The histograms show differences in the number of EdU+/Sox2+ cells between the groups cultured for 3 days. (H) The histograms show differences in the number of SCs between the groups cultured for 3 days. (E) The untreated P3 mouse utricles cultured for 14 days showed very few EdU+/Sox2+ cells in the sensory epithelium. (F) In the cultured utricles co-treated with DAPT and QS11 and supplied with 10 μM EdU, there were many EdU+/Sox2+ cells in the utricles and a large number of Sox2+ SCs. (F-1) The EdU+/Sox2+ cells in the utricles are shown at high magnification. (I) The number of EdU+/Sox2+ SCs in the 14-day culture was significantly greater than in the 3-day cultured. (J) The histograms show differences in the number of SCs between the utricles co-treated with DAPT+QS11 for 3 days and 14 days. The cells were counted per 100 μm × 100 μm in the striolar or extrastriolar region of the utricles. (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001).

Article Snippet: The cultures were then treated with DAPT (γ-secretase inhibitor IX, N- [N- (3,5- difluorophenacetyl) -l-alanyl] -S-phenylglycine t-butyl ester, EMD, Gibbstown, NJ) and QS11 ((2S)-2-[2-(Indan-5-yloxy)-9-(1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl) methyl]-9H-purin-6- ylamino)-3-phenyl-propan-1-ol, Tocris Biosciences, USA), which modulates ARF-GTP levels and synergizes with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway to upregulate β-catenin nuclear translocation.

Techniques: Cell Culture, Control

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Co-regulation of the Notch and Wnt signaling pathways promotes supporting cell proliferation and hair cell regeneration in mouse utricles

doi: 10.1038/srep29418

Figure Lengend Snippet: (Scale bar = 10 μm) (A) The untreated P3 mouse utricles cultured for 3 days. (B) When utricles were treated with DAPT for 3 days, there were few EdU+/Myo7a+ cells in the sensory epithelium and the number of HCs increased ( p < 0.05 vs. the control). (C) When the utricles were treated with QS11 for 3 days, there were few EdU+/Myo7a+ cells in the sensory epithelium and the number of HCs did not change significantly ( p > 0.05). (D) In the DAPT+QS11 combination-treated utricles, there were some EdU+/Myo7a+ cells in the utricles, which were mostly in the striolar region. There were more HCs than the other groups ( p < 0.05). (D-1) The high magnifications of the image in ( D ) show the EdU+/Myo7a+ cell in the utricle. (G) The histograms show differences in the number of EdU+ HCs between these groups cultured for 3 days. (H) The histograms show the differences in the number of HCs between these groups cultured for 3 days. (E) The untreated P3 mouse utricles cultured for 14 days. (F) In the utricles treated with 10 μM EdU and a combination of DAPT and QS11 for 14 days, there were some EdU+/Myo7a+ cells, which were found mostly in the striolar region. The number of HCs in the utricles had clearly increased. (F-1) The high magnifications of image F show EdU+/Myo7a+ cells in the utricles. (I) In the cultured utricles co-treated with DAPT and QS11 and supplied with 10 μM EdU for 14 days, the number of EdU+/Myo7a+ cells was significantly increased compared with the utricles co-treated for 3 days. (J) The histograms show the differences in the number of HCs between the utricles co-treated with DAPT + QS11 for 3 days or 14 days. The cells were counted per 100 μm × 100 μm in the striolar or extrastriolar region of the utricles (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001).

Article Snippet: The cultures were then treated with DAPT (γ-secretase inhibitor IX, N- [N- (3,5- difluorophenacetyl) -l-alanyl] -S-phenylglycine t-butyl ester, EMD, Gibbstown, NJ) and QS11 ((2S)-2-[2-(Indan-5-yloxy)-9-(1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl) methyl]-9H-purin-6- ylamino)-3-phenyl-propan-1-ol, Tocris Biosciences, USA), which modulates ARF-GTP levels and synergizes with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway to upregulate β-catenin nuclear translocation.

Techniques: Cell Culture, Control

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Co-regulation of the Notch and Wnt signaling pathways promotes supporting cell proliferation and hair cell regeneration in mouse utricles

doi: 10.1038/srep29418

Figure Lengend Snippet: (Scale bar = 10 μm) ( A ) The untreated P3 mouse utricles cultured for 7 days. ( B ) The P3 mouse utricles were treated with gentamicin for 48 hours and then cultured for another 7 days. ( C ) When utricles were treated with DAPT for 7 days after being treated with gentamicin, there were some EdU+/Sox2+ cells in the sensory epithelium. ( D ) When utricles were treated with QS11 for 7 days after being treated with gentamicin, there were few EdU+/Sox2+ cells in the sensory epithelium. ( E ) When utricles were treated with a combination of DAPT+QS11 for 7 days after being treated with gentamicin, there were more EdU+/Sox2+ cells in the sensory epithelium. ( E-1 ) The high magnifications of picture E show EdU+/Sox2+ cells in the utricles. ( H ) The histograms show differences in the number of EdU+/Sox2+ cells between these groups cultured for 7 days. ( I ) The histograms show differences in the number of SCs between these groups cultured for 7 days. (F) The P3 mouse utricles were treated with gentamicin for 48 hours and cultured for 14 days. The HCs were clearly damaged. (G) In the cultured utricles co-treated with DAPT and QS11 and supplied with 10 μM EdU, there were many more EdU+/Sox2+ cells in the utricles compared with the utricles co-treated for 7 days. (G-1) The high magnifications of picture G show EdU+/Sox2+ cells in the utricles. (J) The histograms show that the number of EdU+/SCs in the 14-day culture group was significantly greater than in the 7-day culture group. (K) The histograms show the differences in the number of SCs between the utricles co-treated with DAPT+QS11 for 7 days and 14 days. The cells were counted per 100 μm × 100 μm in the striolar or extrastriolar region of the utricles. (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001)

Article Snippet: The cultures were then treated with DAPT (γ-secretase inhibitor IX, N- [N- (3,5- difluorophenacetyl) -l-alanyl] -S-phenylglycine t-butyl ester, EMD, Gibbstown, NJ) and QS11 ((2S)-2-[2-(Indan-5-yloxy)-9-(1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl) methyl]-9H-purin-6- ylamino)-3-phenyl-propan-1-ol, Tocris Biosciences, USA), which modulates ARF-GTP levels and synergizes with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway to upregulate β-catenin nuclear translocation.

Techniques: Cell Culture

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Co-regulation of the Notch and Wnt signaling pathways promotes supporting cell proliferation and hair cell regeneration in mouse utricles

doi: 10.1038/srep29418

Figure Lengend Snippet: (Scale bar = 10 μm) ( A ) The untreated P3 mouse utricles were cultured for 7 days. ( B ) The P3 mouse utricles were treated with gentamicin for 48 hours and cultured for 7 days. ( C ) When utricles were treated with DAPT for 7 days after HC loss, there were few EdU+/Myo7a+ cells in the utricles. ( D ) When utricles were treated with QS11 for 7 days after being treated with gentamicin, there were few EdU+/Myo7a+ cells in the utricles. ( E ) When utricles were treated with a combination of DAPT + QS11 for 7 days after being treated with gentamicin, there were some EdU+/Myo7a+ cells, and the number of HCs was greater than the other groups ( p < 0.05). ( E1 ) The high magnifications of picture E show the EdU+/Myo7a+ cell in the utricle. ( H ) The histograms show differences in the number of EdU+/HCs between these groups cultured for 7 days. ( I ) The histograms show differences in the number of HCs between these groups cultured for 7 days. (F) The P3 mouse utricles were treated with gentamicin for 48 hours and cultured for 14 days. (G) In the cultured utricles co-treated with DAPT and QS11 and supplied with 10 μM EdU for 14 days, there were some EdU+/Myo7a+ cells in the utricles. (G-1) The high magnifications of picture image G show the EdU+/Myo7a+ cells in the utricles. (J) The histograms show that the number of EdU+/Myo7a+ cells in the 14-day culture group was significantly greater than in the 7-day culture group. (K) The histograms show the differences in the number of HCs between the utricles co-treated with DAPT and QS11 for 7 days and those treated for 14 days. The cells were counted per 100 μm × 100 μm in the striolar or extrastriolar region of the utricles (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001).

Article Snippet: The cultures were then treated with DAPT (γ-secretase inhibitor IX, N- [N- (3,5- difluorophenacetyl) -l-alanyl] -S-phenylglycine t-butyl ester, EMD, Gibbstown, NJ) and QS11 ((2S)-2-[2-(Indan-5-yloxy)-9-(1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl) methyl]-9H-purin-6- ylamino)-3-phenyl-propan-1-ol, Tocris Biosciences, USA), which modulates ARF-GTP levels and synergizes with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway to upregulate β-catenin nuclear translocation.

Techniques: Cell Culture

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Co-regulation of the Notch and Wnt signaling pathways promotes supporting cell proliferation and hair cell regeneration in mouse utricles

doi: 10.1038/srep29418

Figure Lengend Snippet: There were some EdU+/Sox2+ cells in the DAPT and QS11 co-treated adult mouse utricles. (Scale bar = 10 μm).

Article Snippet: The cultures were then treated with DAPT (γ-secretase inhibitor IX, N- [N- (3,5- difluorophenacetyl) -l-alanyl] -S-phenylglycine t-butyl ester, EMD, Gibbstown, NJ) and QS11 ((2S)-2-[2-(Indan-5-yloxy)-9-(1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl) methyl]-9H-purin-6- ylamino)-3-phenyl-propan-1-ol, Tocris Biosciences, USA), which modulates ARF-GTP levels and synergizes with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway to upregulate β-catenin nuclear translocation.

Techniques: