Journal: Virology Journal

Article Title: ARFGAP1 serves as a critical host factor during E30 infection: QS11 inhibits viral pathogenesis in hFcRn-IFNAR −/− mice

doi: 10.1186/s12985-025-02971-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: ARFGAP1 inhibitor QS11 alleviates pathogenic symptoms in E30-infected hFcRn-IFNAR −/− mice (A and B) IHC analysis of E30 VP1 distribution in the brain and muscle of hFcRn-IFNAR −/− mice infected with E30 for five days, with and without QS11 treatment. (C and D) Immunofluorescence detection of viral dsRNA in the brain and muscle of hFcRn-IFNAR −/− mice infected with E30 for five days, with and without QS11 treatment, showing DAPI (blue) and E30 dsRNA (green). Arrows indicate the damaged areas of the cerebral cortex infected with E30. (E and F) Brain sections of hFcRn-IFNAR −/− mice infected with E30 (10 5 TCID 50 /100uL) for five days were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), with or without QS11 treatment. The left side represents the untreated QS11 group, while the right side represents the QS11-treated group. The boxes indicate the enlarged area on the right. H&E staining of representative sections from ( G ) intestine, ( H ) lung, ( I ) liver, ( J ) spleen, ( K ) kidney, and ( L ) heart hFcRn-IFNAR −/− mice infected with E30 for five days (with or without QS11 treatment). The left side shows the untreated QS11 group, while the right side shows the QS11 treated group. The scale bars is 20 mm

Article Snippet: Four hours prior to the E30 challenge, the mice were administered an intraperitoneal injection of either QS11 (10 μmol/L) (ARFGAP1 inhibitor, MCE, HY-12762) or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).

Techniques: Infection, Immunofluorescence, Staining

Journal: Virology Journal

Article Title: ARFGAP1 serves as a critical host factor during E30 infection: QS11 inhibits viral pathogenesis in hFcRn-IFNAR −/− mice

doi: 10.1186/s12985-025-02971-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: ARFGAP1 is important for E30 infection in vivo (A) Five-day-old hFcRn-IFNAR −/− mice were intraperitoneally injected with E30 (10 5 TCID 50 /100uL) along with either QS11 or DMSO. Subsequently, body weight, (B) clinical score, and (C) survival rate were continuously monitored over time. (D) Cell viability assays were conducted for QS11. (E) Five days post-infection, virus titers in the tissues of hFcRn-IFNAR −/− mice were measured. Tissue samples were collected from four experimental groups: E30-infected, QS11-treated, DMSO-treated, and E30-QS11-infection groups

Article Snippet: Four hours prior to the E30 challenge, the mice were administered an intraperitoneal injection of either QS11 (10 μmol/L) (ARFGAP1 inhibitor, MCE, HY-12762) or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).

Techniques: Infection, In Vivo, Injection, Virus

Journal: Cell and Tissue Research

Article Title: The crosstalk between the Notch, Wnt, and SHH signaling pathways in regulating the proliferation and regeneration of sensory progenitor cells in the mouse cochlea

doi: 10.1007/s00441-021-03493-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: Co-treatment with DAPT and QS11 promotes SC proliferation and HC regeneration in the cochlea in vitro in an age-dependent manner. The P0–P1 cochleae were cultured with 10 μM QS11 a or 5 μM DAPT b or with both QS11 and DAPT c for 3 days. There were significantly greater numbers of EdU + /Sox2 + cells and EdU + /Myo7a + cells in the apex of the cochlea compared to the DAPT-only group and the QS11-only group. The EdU + cells in the DAPT + QS11 co-treated cochleae were seen throughout the sensory cell region in the apical turn. Scale bar = 20 μm. A control cochlea treated with vehicle is shown in d (Scale bar = 50 μm). The histograms show the differences in the numbers of EdU + cells e and Myo7a + cells f between these groups. The cells were counted per 100-μm length along the cochlea. The numbers of EdU + cells were counted between the outer HCs and the inner HCs. (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001). The P4 cochleae were cultured with 10 μM QS11 g – g ’” or 5 μM DAPT h – h ’” or with both QS11 and DAPT i – i ’” for 3 days. The number of EdU + and Myo7a + cells was greater than in the DAPT-only and QS11-only groups, while the numbers of Myo7a + cells and EdU + cells in the sensory area were fewer compared to P0–P1 cochleae with the same treatment. Scale bar = 20 μm. The histograms show the differences in the numbers of Myo7a + cells j and EdU + cells k in the apical turn of the cochlea between the P0–P1 mice and the P4 mice for the different treatment groups. The cells were counted per 100-μm length along the cochlea. The numbers of EdU + cells were counted between the outer HCs and the inner HCs. (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001)

Article Snippet: Cultures were exposed to culture medium with 10% FBS for about 2 h and then given the following treatments: DAPT (γ-secretase inhibitor IX, N -[ N -(3,5-difluorophenacetyl)-l-alanyl]-S-phenylglycinet-butylester, EMD, Gibbstown, NJ, USA); QS11 ((2S)-2-[2-(indan-5-yloxy)-9-(1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl) methyl]-9H–purin-6-ylamino)-3-phenyl-propan-1-ol, Tocris Biosciences, Ellisville, Missouri, USA), which modulates ARF-GTP levels and synergizes with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway to upregulate β-catenin nuclear translocation; and recombinant SHH protein (R & D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA), which activates the SHH signaling pathway.

Techniques: In Vitro, Cell Culture, Control

Journal: Cell and Tissue Research

Article Title: The crosstalk between the Notch, Wnt, and SHH signaling pathways in regulating the proliferation and regeneration of sensory progenitor cells in the mouse cochlea

doi: 10.1007/s00441-021-03493-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: Co-treatment with DAPT and QS11 promotes SC proliferation and HC regeneration in neomycin-damaged cochleae in vitro. The P0–P1 cochleae were cultured with 1.0 mM neomycin for 16 h, then treated with either media only a – a ”, 5 μM DAPT b – b ”, 10 μM QS11 c – c ”, or both d – d ” for another 7 days. The number of Myo7a + cells was decreased in the apical, middle, and basal turns of the cochlea, especially in the basal turn and middle turns in the control and QS11-only groups. However, the numbers of EdU + /Sox2 + cells and EdU + /Myo7a + cells were increased in the DAPT-only and DAPT + QS11 groups, especially in the apical turn of the cochlea. In addition, there were many more EdU + cells in the sensory area of the cochlea than in the DAPT-only group, especially in the apical turn of the cochlea (scale bar = 20 μm). The histograms show the differences in the numbers of EdU + cells e and Myo7a + cells f in the different turns of the cochlea. The cells were counted per 100-µm length along the cochlea, which was measured between the outer HCs and the inner HCs (** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001). The P0–P1 Atoh1-eGFP transgenic mouse cochleae were cultured with 2.0 mM neomycin for 16 h then treated with either media only g – g ”, 5 μM DAPT h – h ”, 10 μM QS11 i – i ”, or both j – j ” for another 7 days. Myo7a + cells were clearly lost in the basal turn and the middle turn of the cochlea in the control and QS11-only groups, and there were no EdU + /Sox2 + cells or EdU + /Myo7a + cells in the sensory domain in these two groups. However, there were some EdU + /Sox2 + cells and EdU + /Myo7a + cells in the sensory area of the cochleae in the DAPT-only and the combination groups, with more cells seen in the combination group compared to the DAPT-only group, especially in the apical turn of the cochlea. The P0–P1 Atoh1-eGFP mouse cochleae were cultured only with EdU, and there were no obvious EdU + /Sox2 + cells or EdU + /Myo7a + cells in the sensory area k . The histograms show the differences in the numbers of EdU + cells l and Myo7a + cells m in different turns of the cochlea. The cells were counted per 100-µm length along the cochlea, which was measured between the outer hair cells and the inner hair cells (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01)

Article Snippet: Cultures were exposed to culture medium with 10% FBS for about 2 h and then given the following treatments: DAPT (γ-secretase inhibitor IX, N -[ N -(3,5-difluorophenacetyl)-l-alanyl]-S-phenylglycinet-butylester, EMD, Gibbstown, NJ, USA); QS11 ((2S)-2-[2-(indan-5-yloxy)-9-(1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl) methyl]-9H–purin-6-ylamino)-3-phenyl-propan-1-ol, Tocris Biosciences, Ellisville, Missouri, USA), which modulates ARF-GTP levels and synergizes with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway to upregulate β-catenin nuclear translocation; and recombinant SHH protein (R & D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA), which activates the SHH signaling pathway.

Techniques: In Vitro, Cell Culture, Control, Transgenic Assay

Journal: Cell and Tissue Research

Article Title: The crosstalk between the Notch, Wnt, and SHH signaling pathways in regulating the proliferation and regeneration of sensory progenitor cells in the mouse cochlea

doi: 10.1007/s00441-021-03493-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: The role of SHH with DAPT and QS11 in the intact inner ear in vitro. Neonatal P0–P1 cochleae were treated with either 200 ng/ml SHH a – a ”, d – d ”, i – i ’”, 5 μM DAPT, or 10 μM QS11 b – b ”, e – e ”, j – j ’” or the combination of all three c – c ”, f – f ”, k – k ’” for 3 days. There were EdU + /Sox2 + cells and EdU + /Myo7a + cells in the sensory area of the cochlea. The numbers of EdU + cells in the DAPT + QS11 + SHH group were much greater than those in the DAPT + QS11 group a – a ”, b – b ”, c – c ”, especially in the apical turn of the cochlea d – d ”, e – e ”, f – f ”. There were many more EdU + /Sox2 + cells in the GER of the cochlea in the DAPT + QS11 + SHH group compared to the other groups i – i ’”, j – j ’”, k – k ’”. Scale bar = 20 μm. The histograms show the numbers of EdU + cells g and Myo7a + cells h in the sensory domain and EdU + /Sox2 + cells in the GER (l) in the different groups. The cells were counted per 100 μm length along the cochlea, which was measured between the outer hair cells and the inner hair cells (* p < 0.05, *** p < 0.001), or were counted per 30 μm 2 area of the GER of the cochlea (*** p < 0.001)

Article Snippet: Cultures were exposed to culture medium with 10% FBS for about 2 h and then given the following treatments: DAPT (γ-secretase inhibitor IX, N -[ N -(3,5-difluorophenacetyl)-l-alanyl]-S-phenylglycinet-butylester, EMD, Gibbstown, NJ, USA); QS11 ((2S)-2-[2-(indan-5-yloxy)-9-(1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl) methyl]-9H–purin-6-ylamino)-3-phenyl-propan-1-ol, Tocris Biosciences, Ellisville, Missouri, USA), which modulates ARF-GTP levels and synergizes with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway to upregulate β-catenin nuclear translocation; and recombinant SHH protein (R & D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA), which activates the SHH signaling pathway.

Techniques: In Vitro

Journal: Cell and Tissue Research

Article Title: The crosstalk between the Notch, Wnt, and SHH signaling pathways in regulating the proliferation and regeneration of sensory progenitor cells in the mouse cochlea

doi: 10.1007/s00441-021-03493-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: The role of SHH with DAPT and QS11 in the damaged inner ear in vitro. Neonatal P0–P1 cochleae were cultured with 1.0 mM neomycin for 16 h and then were treated with either 200 ng/ml SHH a – a ”, d – d ”, 5 μM DAPT, or 10 μM QS11 b – b ”, e – e ” or the combination of all three c – c ”, f – f ” for 7 days. There were some EdU + /Sox2 + cells and EdU + /Myo7a + cells in the sensory area of the cochlea. The numbers of EdU + cells in the DAPT + QS11 + SHH group were greater than those in the DAPT + QS11 group a – a ”, b – b ”, c – c ”, especially in the apical turn of the cochlea d – d ”, e – e ”, f – f ” (scale bar = 20 μm). The histograms show the numbers of Myo7a + cells d and EdU + cells e in these groups. The cells were counted per 100-μm length along the cochlea, which was measured between the outer hair cells and the inner hair cells (* p < 0.05, *** p < 0.001)

Article Snippet: Cultures were exposed to culture medium with 10% FBS for about 2 h and then given the following treatments: DAPT (γ-secretase inhibitor IX, N -[ N -(3,5-difluorophenacetyl)-l-alanyl]-S-phenylglycinet-butylester, EMD, Gibbstown, NJ, USA); QS11 ((2S)-2-[2-(indan-5-yloxy)-9-(1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl) methyl]-9H–purin-6-ylamino)-3-phenyl-propan-1-ol, Tocris Biosciences, Ellisville, Missouri, USA), which modulates ARF-GTP levels and synergizes with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway to upregulate β-catenin nuclear translocation; and recombinant SHH protein (R & D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA), which activates the SHH signaling pathway.

Techniques: In Vitro, Cell Culture

Journal: Cell and Tissue Research

Article Title: The crosstalk between the Notch, Wnt, and SHH signaling pathways in regulating the proliferation and regeneration of sensory progenitor cells in the mouse cochlea

doi: 10.1007/s00441-021-03493-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: Gene expression and related mechanisms involved in SC proliferation and HC regeneration. DE genes in the neomycin control, Neo + SHH, Neo + DAPT + QS11, and Neo + DAPT + QS11 + SHH groups a . Red represents upregulated expression levels and blue represents downregulated expression levels. Each row represents one gene, and each column represents one experimental group. The heatmap shows the expression of DE genes involved in the cell cycle b , TGF-β c , Hippo d , transcription factor e , Notch f , Wnt g , and SHH h signaling pathways

Article Snippet: Cultures were exposed to culture medium with 10% FBS for about 2 h and then given the following treatments: DAPT (γ-secretase inhibitor IX, N -[ N -(3,5-difluorophenacetyl)-l-alanyl]-S-phenylglycinet-butylester, EMD, Gibbstown, NJ, USA); QS11 ((2S)-2-[2-(indan-5-yloxy)-9-(1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl) methyl]-9H–purin-6-ylamino)-3-phenyl-propan-1-ol, Tocris Biosciences, Ellisville, Missouri, USA), which modulates ARF-GTP levels and synergizes with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway to upregulate β-catenin nuclear translocation; and recombinant SHH protein (R & D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA), which activates the SHH signaling pathway.

Techniques: Gene Expression, Control, Expressing, Protein-Protein interactions

Journal: Cell and Tissue Research

Article Title: The crosstalk between the Notch, Wnt, and SHH signaling pathways in regulating the proliferation and regeneration of sensory progenitor cells in the mouse cochlea

doi: 10.1007/s00441-021-03493-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: Differential expression analysis between groups. Gene ontology analysis was performed with the DE genes between the Neo + DAPT + QS11 and Neo + DAPT + QS11 + SHH groups a . The results of qRT-PCR of some of the DE genes showed differential expression in the Neomycin control, Neo + SHH, Neo + DAPT + QS11, and Neo + DAPT + QS11 + SHH groups, and these differences were consistent with the RNA-Seq results b

Article Snippet: Cultures were exposed to culture medium with 10% FBS for about 2 h and then given the following treatments: DAPT (γ-secretase inhibitor IX, N -[ N -(3,5-difluorophenacetyl)-l-alanyl]-S-phenylglycinet-butylester, EMD, Gibbstown, NJ, USA); QS11 ((2S)-2-[2-(indan-5-yloxy)-9-(1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl) methyl]-9H–purin-6-ylamino)-3-phenyl-propan-1-ol, Tocris Biosciences, Ellisville, Missouri, USA), which modulates ARF-GTP levels and synergizes with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway to upregulate β-catenin nuclear translocation; and recombinant SHH protein (R & D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA), which activates the SHH signaling pathway.

Techniques: Quantitative Proteomics, Quantitative RT-PCR, Control, RNA Sequencing