Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology

Article Title: ProcCluster ® and procaine hydrochloride inhibit the replication of influenza A virus in vitro

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1422651

Figure Lengend Snippet: PC and PHCl inhibit PLA 2 from A549 but not MDCK cells. (A) A549 and MDCK cells were lysed for 30 min on ice using distilled water. The activity of cellular PLA 2 in the lysate was assessed in the presence of the indicated concentrations of PC and PHCl. PLA 2 activity of untreated samples was arbitrarily set to 100%. (B) Calu-3 cells were infected with IAV PR8 at an MOI of 0.1 for 30 min and then treated with the indicated concentrations of bromoenol lacton (BEL), pyrrophenone (PP) or left untreated until 24 h p.i. Virus titers were determined by standard plaque assay and the titer in the solvent-treated samples was arbitrarily set to 100%. (C) Calu-3 cells were treated (−30 min) with 30 μM bromoenol lacton (BEL) or left untreated for 30 min prior to infection. Cells were then infected with PR8 at an MOI of 1 for 30 min. Afterwards cells were treated with 30 μM BEL or solvent control (DMSO) immediately (−30 min, 30 min and DMSO) or at the indicated times (without removing the media). (A–C) Statistical significance was determined by one sample t -test comparing to 100. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, and **** p < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: Bromoenol lacton (Merck, Germany) and pyrrophenone (MedChemExpress, United States) were diluted in DMSO and stored at −20°C.

Techniques: Activity Assay, Infection, Virus, Plaque Assay, Solvent, Control

Journal: Cancer biology & therapy

Article Title: Inhibition of cytosolic phospholipase A2 alpha increases chemosensitivity in cervical carcinoma through suppressing β-catenin signaling.

doi: 10.1080/15384047.2019.1579961

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 3. Inhibition of cPLA2α inhibits the growth of cervical cancer cells. cPLA2α inhibitors pyrrophenone (a) and RSC-3388 (b) significantly inhibit cPLA2α enzyme activity. cPLA2α inhibitors pyrrophenone (c) and RSC-3388 (d) significantly inhibit proliferation of cervical cancer cells. *p < 0.05 compared to dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) control.

Article Snippet: Pyrrophenone and RSC-3388 were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, US.

Techniques: Inhibition, Activity Assay, Control

Journal: Cancer biology & therapy

Article Title: Inhibition of cytosolic phospholipase A2 alpha increases chemosensitivity in cervical carcinoma through suppressing β-catenin signaling.

doi: 10.1080/15384047.2019.1579961

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 4. Inhibition of cPLA2α inhibits survival without affecting migration of cervical cancer cells. Pyrrophenone (a) and RSC-3388 (b) at 100 nM significantly induce apoptosis in cervical cancer cells. Pyrrophenone (c) and RSC-3388 (d) up to 100 nM do not affect cervical cancer migration. *p < 0.05 compared to DMSO control.

Article Snippet: Pyrrophenone and RSC-3388 were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, US.

Techniques: Inhibition, Migration, Control

Journal: Cancer biology & therapy

Article Title: Inhibition of cytosolic phospholipase A2 alpha increases chemosensitivity in cervical carcinoma through suppressing β-catenin signaling.

doi: 10.1080/15384047.2019.1579961

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 5. cPLA2α inhibition using a pharmacological approach enhances chemosensitivity in cervical cancer cells. cPLA2α inhibitors pyrrophenone and RSC-3388 significantly enhance chemotherapeutic agents’ (paclitaxel and cisplatin) effects in inhibiting proliferation (a) and inducing apoptosis (b) in CaLo, SiHa, and CaSki cells. RSC-3388 and pyrrophenone at 100 nM and paclitaxel at 10 nM and cisplatin at 100 nM were used in the combination studies. *p < 0.05 compared to cPLA2α inhibitor or chemotherapeutic agent alone.

Article Snippet: Pyrrophenone and RSC-3388 were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, US.

Techniques: Inhibition

Journal: Cancer biology & therapy

Article Title: Inhibition of cytosolic phospholipase A2 alpha increases chemosensitivity in cervical carcinoma through suppressing β-catenin signaling.

doi: 10.1080/15384047.2019.1579961

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 7. cPLA2α inhibition suppresses Akt/eIF4E/β-catenin signaling in cervical cells. cPLA2α inhibition by inhibitors (a) or siRNA (b) significantly decreases cPLA2α enzyme activity in cervical cancer cells. cPLA2α inhibition by inhibitors (c) or siRNA (d) decreases βAkt (Ser473), p-eIF4E (Ser209), and β-catenin in CaLo cells. (e) Pyrrophenone and RSC-3388 at 100 nM significantly inhibit TOPflash activation. CaLo cells transfected with TOPflash plasmid were treated as indicated. The graph represents mean ± s.e.m. of TOPflash signal relative to control. cPLA2α inhibitors (f) and siRNA (g) significantly decrease the transcript level of C-MYC, BCL9, and CYCLIN D genes in CaLo cells. *p < 0.05 compared to control or siRNA con (scrambled siRNA).

Article Snippet: Pyrrophenone and RSC-3388 were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, US.

Techniques: Inhibition, Activity Assay, Activation Assay, Transfection, Plasmid Preparation, Control

Journal: Cancer biology & therapy

Article Title: Inhibition of cytosolic phospholipase A2 alpha increases chemosensitivity in cervical carcinoma through suppressing β-catenin signaling.

doi: 10.1080/15384047.2019.1579961

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 8. cPLA2α inhibition acts on cervical cancer cells in a β-catenin-dependent manner. No significant change on β-catenin levels by pyrrophenone and RSC-3388 in CaLo cells treated with LiCl (a) or transfected with β-catenin overexpression plasmid (b). cPLA2α inhibitors (c) and siRNA (d) are ineffective in decreasing C-MYC transcript level in the presence of LiCl or β-catenin-overexpressing CaLo cells. The inhibitory effects of cPLA2α inhibition on proliferation or survival were abolished by LiCl (e and g) and β-catenin overexpression (f and h). Cells are transfected with P-Vector or P-β-catenin plasmid. Cells were harvested for Western blot, RT-PCR, and growth and apoptosis assays at 24 h post-transfection. *p < 0.05 compared to -LiCl or P-Vector.

Article Snippet: Pyrrophenone and RSC-3388 were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, US.

Techniques: Inhibition, Transfection, Over Expression, Plasmid Preparation, Western Blot, Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction