Journal: ACS nano

Article Title: Synthetic Charge-Invertible Polymer for Rapid and Complete Implantation of Layer-by-Layer Microneedle Drug Films for Enhanced Transdermal Vaccination

doi: 10.1021/acsnano.8b05373

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Film architecture schematics of [PAsp(EDDPA)/Cy5-OVA]40 LbL coated microneedle for mouse ear. (B) Confocal micrograph of Cy5-OVA on microneedle surface before and after 1 min application in mouse dermis. Scale bar 0.5 mm. (C) Image of mouse ear skin after 1 min microneedle (PDM/Polystyrene sulfonate/methylene blue)1 application showing the penetration pattern. Scale bar 2 mm. (D) Confocal micrograph of Cy5-OVA delivered onto mouse dermis after 15 s, 30 s, 60 s of microneedle insertion, respectively. Scale bar 1 mm. (E) Representative IVIS images showing Cy5 signal intensity on mouse ear at day 0, 1, 2, and 3 after MN or SC administration on left ear (right ear untreated). (F) Integrated radiant efficiency decay of Cy5-OVA on mouse ear in 3 days demonstrating in vivo sustained release of Cy5-OVA from PDM microneedle (MN) implanted LbL film, compared to subcutaneously (SC) injected same amount of Cy5-OVA (n = 6/group). Values are reported as mean ± s.e.m. ***p = 0.0004, as analyzed by one-way ANOVA. (G) Film architecture schematics of [Poly1/PolyI:C-TMR]40 LbL coated microneedle for human skin tissue. Flow cytometric analysis performed on cells isolated from human skin following 2 minute microneedle application for detection of film uptake, shown as (I) proportion, and (H) representative plots of antigen presenting cells (CD45+ CD14+ HLA-DR+) positive for PolyI:C-TMR LbL film; values are reported as mean ± s.e.m. **p=0.0017 unpaired t-test; numbers in plots indicate percent cells in outlined area.

Article Snippet: PolyI:C LbL coated microneedles for human skin were prepared using the StratoSequence VI from nanoStrata Inc. (USA) with spinning (100-120 rpm) 12 .

Techniques: In Vivo, Injection, Isolation

Journal: Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology

Article Title: Interplay Between Liver Type 1 Innate Lymphoid Cells and NK Cells Drives the Development of Alcoholic Steatohepatitis

doi: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2022.09.010

Figure Lengend Snippet: Injection of polyI:C protects mice from alcohol-induced steatohepatitis. ( A–D ) EtOH-fed mice were injected intraperitoneally with PBS or polyI:C every other day after ethanol feeding (5 mg/kg). Mice were killed, and liver tissue was obtained at 6 hours after binge. The numbers of liver ILC1 and NK cells ( A ) and ILC1/NK cells ratio ( B ) were shown (n = 3/group). ( C ) Hepatic triglyceride content was measured in whole liver homogenate (n = 4/group). ( D ) H&E staining of liver section was performed (scale bars, 100 μm). ( E ) Plasma levels of ALT and AST were detected (n = 5/group). ( F ) The mRNA level of IL1β and IL6 in liver tissue was detected (n = 4/group). Two-tailed unpaired Student t tests were performed in A and B . Representative images are shown (n = 4/group). Two-way analysis of variance was performed in A . Two-tailed unpaired Student t test was performed in B , C , E , and F . ∗ P < .05, ∗∗ P < .01, ∗∗∗ P < .001, ∗∗∗∗ P <.0001.

Article Snippet: To expand NK cells in vivo, mice were injected intraperitoneally with 5 mg/kg of polyI:C every other day (APExBio, Houston, TX).

Techniques: Injection, Staining, Two Tailed Test