Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Evaluation of candidate reference genes stability for gene expression analysis by reverse transcription qPCR in Clostridium perfringens

doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-23804-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: Candidate reference genes, functional groups, primer sequences, and expected amplicon sizes. Fragment sizes are based on alignment to C. perfringens ATCC 13124.

Article Snippet: Bacterial cultures were grown on perfringens agar (HiMedia, Kennett Square, PA) for routine maintenance and in BHI (Criterion, Hardy Diagnostics, Santa Maria, CA) broth during experimental assays.

Techniques: Functional Assay, Amplification, Sequencing

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Evaluation of candidate reference genes stability for gene expression analysis by reverse transcription qPCR in Clostridium perfringens

doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-23804-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: Relative expression of alpha toxin ( plc ) during growth of Clostridium perfringens over a 22-h period. The expression data were normalized using ftsZ , gyrA , recA , rrs , or tpiA as reference genes individually and with the geometric mean of ftsZ + gyrA + recA. 22-h samples were considered the control for calculations. P ≤ 0.05 shown by *

Article Snippet: Bacterial cultures were grown on perfringens agar (HiMedia, Kennett Square, PA) for routine maintenance and in BHI (Criterion, Hardy Diagnostics, Santa Maria, CA) broth during experimental assays.

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research

Article Title: An investigation into the association between cpb2 -encoding Clostridium perfringens type A and diarrhea in neonatal piglets

doi:

Figure Lengend Snippet: Colony-forming unit (CFU) of C. perfringens and etiological diagnosis in 36 diarrheic and 12 healthy piglets on from 10 farms

Article Snippet: A 100 μL aliquot of each serial dilution was plated onto Shahidi-Ferguson Perfringens (SFP) medium (Difco) containing cycloserine and 5% egg yolk, and incubated anaerobically at 37°C overnight.

Techniques: Biomarker Discovery

Journal: Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research

Article Title: An investigation into the association between cpb2 -encoding Clostridium perfringens type A and diarrhea in neonatal piglets

doi:

Figure Lengend Snippet: Mean of log 10 colony-forming unit (CFU) and standard error of the C. perfringens in intestinal contents of 12 normal piglets and 36 piglets with diarrhea

Article Snippet: A 100 μL aliquot of each serial dilution was plated onto Shahidi-Ferguson Perfringens (SFP) medium (Difco) containing cycloserine and 5% egg yolk, and incubated anaerobically at 37°C overnight.

Techniques:

Journal: Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research

Article Title: An investigation into the association between cpb2 -encoding Clostridium perfringens type A and diarrhea in neonatal piglets

doi:

Figure Lengend Snippet: Regression analysis for log 10 of colony-forming units (CFU) of C. perfringens in the intestinal contents of normal piglets and piglets with diarrhea with farm as random effect

Article Snippet: A 100 μL aliquot of each serial dilution was plated onto Shahidi-Ferguson Perfringens (SFP) medium (Difco) containing cycloserine and 5% egg yolk, and incubated anaerobically at 37°C overnight.

Techniques:

Journal: Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research

Article Title: An investigation into the association between cpb2 -encoding Clostridium perfringens type A and diarrhea in neonatal piglets

doi:

Figure Lengend Snippet: Distribution of cpa, consensus cpb2, and atypical cpb2 genes among C. perfringens isolates recovered from jejunum (A) and colon (B) of normal piglets and piglets with diarrhea.

Article Snippet: A 100 μL aliquot of each serial dilution was plated onto Shahidi-Ferguson Perfringens (SFP) medium (Difco) containing cycloserine and 5% egg yolk, and incubated anaerobically at 37°C overnight.

Techniques:

Journal: Antibiotics

Article Title: Prevalence, Antibiotic Resistance, Toxin-Typing and Genotyping of Clostridium perfringens in Raw Beef Meats Obtained from Qazvin City, Iran

doi: 10.3390/antibiotics11030340

Figure Lengend Snippet: Prevalence rates of C. perfringens in the different raw meat samples. * and ** indicate significant differences ( p < 0.05, chi-square test).

Article Snippet: Next, 100 μL of bacterial growth was aliquoted to the plates containing tryptose sulphite cycloserine agar (TSC, HiMedia, Mumbai, India), Columbia blood agar (CBA, HiMedia, Mumbai, India) and Clostridium perfringens agar (CPA, HiMedia, Mumbai, India) and incubated at 37 °C for 48 h in an anaerobic atmosphere generated using Gas Pack A (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) in an anaerobic jar (MahAzma, Terhan, Iran) according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques:

Journal: Antibiotics

Article Title: Prevalence, Antibiotic Resistance, Toxin-Typing and Genotyping of Clostridium perfringens in Raw Beef Meats Obtained from Qazvin City, Iran

doi: 10.3390/antibiotics11030340

Figure Lengend Snippet: Antibiotic resistance phenotype of C. perfringens isolated from the raw beef meat samples.

Article Snippet: Next, 100 μL of bacterial growth was aliquoted to the plates containing tryptose sulphite cycloserine agar (TSC, HiMedia, Mumbai, India), Columbia blood agar (CBA, HiMedia, Mumbai, India) and Clostridium perfringens agar (CPA, HiMedia, Mumbai, India) and incubated at 37 °C for 48 h in an anaerobic atmosphere generated using Gas Pack A (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) in an anaerobic jar (MahAzma, Terhan, Iran) according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques: Isolation

Journal: Antibiotics

Article Title: Prevalence, Antibiotic Resistance, Toxin-Typing and Genotyping of Clostridium perfringens in Raw Beef Meats Obtained from Qazvin City, Iran

doi: 10.3390/antibiotics11030340

Figure Lengend Snippet: Patterns of multidrug resistance classes of the C. perfringens isolates from the raw meat samples.

Article Snippet: Next, 100 μL of bacterial growth was aliquoted to the plates containing tryptose sulphite cycloserine agar (TSC, HiMedia, Mumbai, India), Columbia blood agar (CBA, HiMedia, Mumbai, India) and Clostridium perfringens agar (CPA, HiMedia, Mumbai, India) and incubated at 37 °C for 48 h in an anaerobic atmosphere generated using Gas Pack A (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) in an anaerobic jar (MahAzma, Terhan, Iran) according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques:

Journal: Antibiotics

Article Title: Prevalence, Antibiotic Resistance, Toxin-Typing and Genotyping of Clostridium perfringens in Raw Beef Meats Obtained from Qazvin City, Iran

doi: 10.3390/antibiotics11030340

Figure Lengend Snippet: Resistance phenotype, toxin genes, toxinotypes and OPA-3 genotypes in C. perfringens isolated from the raw whole and minced meat samples.

Article Snippet: Next, 100 μL of bacterial growth was aliquoted to the plates containing tryptose sulphite cycloserine agar (TSC, HiMedia, Mumbai, India), Columbia blood agar (CBA, HiMedia, Mumbai, India) and Clostridium perfringens agar (CPA, HiMedia, Mumbai, India) and incubated at 37 °C for 48 h in an anaerobic atmosphere generated using Gas Pack A (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) in an anaerobic jar (MahAzma, Terhan, Iran) according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques: Isolation

Journal: Antibiotics

Article Title: Prevalence, Antibiotic Resistance, Toxin-Typing and Genotyping of Clostridium perfringens in Raw Beef Meats Obtained from Qazvin City, Iran

doi: 10.3390/antibiotics11030340

Figure Lengend Snippet: UPGMA dendrogram of the C. perfringens isolates from the raw meat samples based on the OPA-3 PCR analysis.

Article Snippet: Next, 100 μL of bacterial growth was aliquoted to the plates containing tryptose sulphite cycloserine agar (TSC, HiMedia, Mumbai, India), Columbia blood agar (CBA, HiMedia, Mumbai, India) and Clostridium perfringens agar (CPA, HiMedia, Mumbai, India) and incubated at 37 °C for 48 h in an anaerobic atmosphere generated using Gas Pack A (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) in an anaerobic jar (MahAzma, Terhan, Iran) according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques:

Journal: Antibiotics

Article Title: Prevalence, Antibiotic Resistance, Toxin-Typing and Genotyping of Clostridium perfringens in Raw Beef Meats Obtained from Qazvin City, Iran

doi: 10.3390/antibiotics11030340

Figure Lengend Snippet: Primer sequences used in this study for the genotyping and detection of C. perfringens toxin-encoding genes.

Article Snippet: Next, 100 μL of bacterial growth was aliquoted to the plates containing tryptose sulphite cycloserine agar (TSC, HiMedia, Mumbai, India), Columbia blood agar (CBA, HiMedia, Mumbai, India) and Clostridium perfringens agar (CPA, HiMedia, Mumbai, India) and incubated at 37 °C for 48 h in an anaerobic atmosphere generated using Gas Pack A (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) in an anaerobic jar (MahAzma, Terhan, Iran) according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques: Sequencing, Amplification

Journal: Food Science and Biotechnology

Article Title: Evaluation of the microbial contamination of fresh produces and their cultivation environments from farms in Korea

doi: 10.1007/s10068-019-00570-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: Culture media a and identification methods for pathogenic bacteria isolated from fresh produce in this study

Article Snippet: Rappaport–Vassiliadis R10 broth (Difco) Tetrathionate broth (Difco) Xylose lysine desoxycholate agar (XLD, Difco) API 20E (BioMeriux) – – Staphylococcus aureus Tryptic soy broth (Difco) in 10% NaCl Baird-Parker agar (BPA, Difco) API Staphy (BioMeriux) – (SolGent co.,Ltd., Korea) Escherichia coli O157:H7 E.C. broth (Oxoid, Hampshire, UK) Sorbitol MacConkey agar (SMAC, Difco) – E. coli O157 Diagnostic Reagents test kit (Oxoid) – Clostridium perfringens Cooked meat (Difco) Perfringens agar base (TSC, Difco) – – – Open in a separate window a Culture media for pathogens quoted from the MFDS Food Code b The only three samples showing positive results on culture media methods for E. coli O157:H7 or L. monocytogenes were identified using Latex agglutination test method c Samples showing positive results with culture media methods were subsequently subjected to the 16s rRNA method d Not tested Culture media a and identification methods for pathogenic bacteria isolated from fresh produce in this study

Techniques: Isolation, Agglutination, Sequencing, Diagnostic Assay

Journal: Food Science and Biotechnology

Article Title: Evaluation of the microbial contamination of fresh produces and their cultivation environments from farms in Korea

doi: 10.1007/s10068-019-00570-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: Numbers of positive samples with pathogenic contamination of fresh produce

Article Snippet: Rappaport–Vassiliadis R10 broth (Difco) Tetrathionate broth (Difco) Xylose lysine desoxycholate agar (XLD, Difco) API 20E (BioMeriux) – – Staphylococcus aureus Tryptic soy broth (Difco) in 10% NaCl Baird-Parker agar (BPA, Difco) API Staphy (BioMeriux) – (SolGent co.,Ltd., Korea) Escherichia coli O157:H7 E.C. broth (Oxoid, Hampshire, UK) Sorbitol MacConkey agar (SMAC, Difco) – E. coli O157 Diagnostic Reagents test kit (Oxoid) – Clostridium perfringens Cooked meat (Difco) Perfringens agar base (TSC, Difco) – – – Open in a separate window a Culture media for pathogens quoted from the MFDS Food Code b The only three samples showing positive results on culture media methods for E. coli O157:H7 or L. monocytogenes were identified using Latex agglutination test method c Samples showing positive results with culture media methods were subsequently subjected to the 16s rRNA method d Not tested Culture media a and identification methods for pathogenic bacteria isolated from fresh produce in this study

Techniques:

Journal: Food Science and Biotechnology

Article Title: Assessment of microbiological contamination in saengshik products from the Korean market and identification of the irradiation status

doi: 10.1007/s10068-017-0273-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: Detection of foodborne pathogenic bacteria in saengshik products from the Korean market

Article Snippet: The enrichment broth was inoculated on C. perfringens agar (BD Difco™) base containing egg yolk and kanamycin (200 µg/mL) or tryptose sulfite cycloserine agar (BD Difco™) containing egg yolk and incubated at 35–37 °C for 18–24 h under anaerobic conditions.

Techniques: