Journal: The Journal of Biological Chemistry

Article Title: Regulatory Effects of Ribosomal S6 Kinase 1 (RSK1) in IFN? Signaling *

doi: 10.1074/jbc.M110.183566

Figure Lengend Snippet: IFNλ-dependent activation of ERK/RSK1 and mTOR signaling cascades in HT-29 cells. A–F, serum-starved HT-29 cells were pretreated for 60 min with U0126 or rapamycin and were either left untreated or treated with IFNλ, in the continuous presence or absence of rapamycin or U0126, as indicated. The cells were lysed, and total cell lysates were resolved by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotted with antibodies against the phosphorylated form of RSK1 on Thr359/Ser363 or against RSK1 (A); with antibodies against the phosphorylated forms of ERK on Thr202/Tyr204 or against ERK (B); with antibodies against the phosphorylated form of eIF4B on Ser422 or against eIF4B (C); with antibodies against the phosphorylated form of mTOR on Ser2448 or against GAPDH (D); with antibodies against the phosphorylated form of p70S6K on Thr421/Ser424 or against p70S6K (E); or with antibodies against the phosphorylated forms of 4E-BP1 on Thr37/46 or against GAPDH (F), as indicated.

Article Snippet: SL0101-1 was used at a final concentration of 80 μ m , and BI-D1870 was used at a final concentration of 10 μ m . GST-4E-BP1, His-tagged 4E-BP1, and active PDK1 were from SignalChem (Richmond, Canada).

Techniques: Activation Assay, SDS Page

Journal: The Journal of Biological Chemistry

Article Title: Regulatory Effects of Ribosomal S6 Kinase 1 (RSK1) in IFN? Signaling *

doi: 10.1074/jbc.M110.183566

Figure Lengend Snippet: IFNλ-dependent activation of RSK1 and mTOR pathways in ARPE-19 cells. A–C, serum-starved ARPE-19 cells were pretreated with rapamycin or U0126 as indicated and then treated with IFNλ for the indicated times. Total cell lysates were resolved by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotted with anti-phospho-Thr359/Ser363 RSK1, anti-RSK1, anti-phospho-Ser422-eIF4B, or anti-eIF4B antibodies (A); with anti-phospho-Thr37/46-4E-BP1 or anti-GAPDH antibodies (B); or with antibodies against the phosphorylated form of p70S6K on Thr421/Ser424 or against p70S6K or anti-GAPDH (C), as indicated.

Article Snippet: SL0101-1 was used at a final concentration of 80 μ m , and BI-D1870 was used at a final concentration of 10 μ m . GST-4E-BP1, His-tagged 4E-BP1, and active PDK1 were from SignalChem (Richmond, Canada).

Techniques: Activation Assay, SDS Page

Journal: The Journal of Biological Chemistry

Article Title: Regulatory Effects of Ribosomal S6 Kinase 1 (RSK1) in IFN? Signaling *

doi: 10.1074/jbc.M110.183566

Figure Lengend Snippet: Binding of 4E-BP1 and RSK1 to the 7-methylguanosine cap complex prevents recruitment of eIF4G, eIF4A, and eIF4E to the cap complex. A, serum-starved HT-29 cells were pretreated for 60 min with U0126 or rapamycin and were either left untreated or treated with IFNλ, in the continuous presence or absence of rapamycin or U0126, as indicated. Cell lysates were bound to the cap analog m7GTP conjugated to beads, and bound proteins were resolved by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotted with the indicated antibodies. B, HT-29 cells were treated as indicated and assayed as described in A. Bound proteins were immunoblotted with the indicated antibodies. C, serum-starved HT-29 cells were pretreated for 6 h with SL0101-1 and were subsequently treated with IFNλ, as indicated. D, serum-starved HT-29 cells were pretreated for 60 min with U0126 or rapamycin and then treated with IFNλ, in the continuous presence or absence of rapamycin or U0126, as indicated. Equal amounts of cell lysates were immunoprecipitated (IP) with an anti-4E-BP1 antibody, and immune complexes were resolved by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotted with anti-RSK1 or anti-4E-BP1 antibodies, as indicated. E, HT-29 cells were pretreated for 6 h with SL0101-1 and were left untreated or treated with IFNλ, in the continuous presence or absence of inhibitor, as indicated. Equal amounts of cell lysates were immunoprecipitated with anti-4EBP1 antibodies, and immune complexes were resolved by SDS-PAGE for analysis of 4E-BP1 and RSK1, as indicated. F, HT-29 cells were transfected with either control siRNA or siRNA specifically targeting 4E-BP1 and treated with IFNλ, as indicated. Total cell lysates were resolved by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotted with antibodies, against 4E-BP1 or GAPDH, as indicated. G, cells were transfected with either control siRNA or siRNA specifically targeting 4E-BP1 and treated with IFNλ, as indicated. Cell lysates were bound to the cap analog m7GTP conjugated to beads, and bound proteins were resolved by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotted with the indicated antibodies.

Article Snippet: SL0101-1 was used at a final concentration of 80 μ m , and BI-D1870 was used at a final concentration of 10 μ m . GST-4E-BP1, His-tagged 4E-BP1, and active PDK1 were from SignalChem (Richmond, Canada).

Techniques: Binding Assay, SDS Page, Immunoprecipitation, Transfection

Journal: The Journal of Biological Chemistry

Article Title: Regulatory Effects of Ribosomal S6 Kinase 1 (RSK1) in IFN? Signaling *

doi: 10.1074/jbc.M110.183566

Figure Lengend Snippet: Binding of inactive RSK1 to 4E-BP1. A, equal amounts of GST-RSK1 or GST-RSK1 (activated) were annealed with 4E-BP1-His and then bound to the His affinity column. Equal amounts from fractions collected from the affinity column were resolved by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotted with antibodies against GST or 4E-BP1, as indicated. B, input protein levels from the experiment shown in A for GST-RSK1 (sample A) or GST-RSK1 activated (sample B). Immunoblotting with anti-GST or the anti-phospho-Ser221 RSK1 or anti-4E-BP1 (to detect His-4E-BP1) is shown. C, equal amounts of GST-RSK1 were subjected to in vitro kinase assays using active ERK1 and active PDK1, in the presence or absence of the SL0101-1 inhibitor, and then were annealed with 4E-BP1-His and bound to the His affinity column. After extensive washing, proteins were eluted from the column, and equal amounts from each eluted sample were resolved by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotted with antibodies against GST and 4E-BP1, as indicated. D, equal amounts of GST-RSK1 (activated) or GST-RSK1 (activated) that was subjected to an in vitro phosphatase (PP2A) assay were annealed with 4E-BP1-His. After binding to the His affinity column and extensive washing, proteins were eluted from the column, and equal amounts of eluted samples were resolved by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotted with antibodies against GST or 4E-BP1, as indicated. E, input protein levels from the experiment shown in D (panel A) for activated GST-RSK1 (sample A) or activated GST-RSK1 after subjected to in vitro phosphatase (PP2A) assay (sample B) or GST (sample C). Immunoblotting with anti-GST, anti-phospho-Ser221 RSK1 or anti-4E-BP1 (to detect 4E-BP1-His) is shown.

Article Snippet: SL0101-1 was used at a final concentration of 80 μ m , and BI-D1870 was used at a final concentration of 10 μ m . GST-4E-BP1, His-tagged 4E-BP1, and active PDK1 were from SignalChem (Richmond, Canada).

Techniques: Binding Assay, Affinity Column, SDS Page, Western Blot, In Vitro

Journal: The Journal of Biological Chemistry

Article Title: Regulatory Effects of Ribosomal S6 Kinase 1 (RSK1) in IFN? Signaling *

doi: 10.1074/jbc.M110.183566

Figure Lengend Snippet: RSK1 activity is required for IFNλ-dependent phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 on Thr37/46. A, serum-starved HT-29 cells were pretreated with SL0101-1 or diluent for 6 h and then treated with IFNλ for the indicated times, in the continuous presence or absence of SL0101-1, as indicated. Total cell lysates were resolved by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotted with the indicated antibodies. Equal cell lysates from the same experiment were analyzed separately by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotted with an anti-phospho-RSK1 (Ser221) and anti-RSK1. B, HT29 cells were transfected with either control siRNA or siRNA targeting RSK1 and treated with IFNλ, as indicated. Total cell lysates were resolved by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotted with the indicated antibodies. C, serum-starved HT-29 cells were pretreated with U0126 for 1 h and then treated with IFNλ for 90 min. The cells were lysed, and equal amounts of protein were immunoprecipitated (IP) with an anti-RSK1 antibody. In vitro kinase assays to detect RSK activity were subsequently carried out on the immunoprecipitates, using a 4E-BP1-His protein as an exogenous substrate. D, serum-starved HT-29 cells were pretreated with SL0101-1 for 6 h or BI-D1870 for 1 h and then treated with IFNλ for the indicated times. The cells were lysed, and equal amounts of protein were immunoprecipitated with an anti-RSK1 antibody. In vitro kinase assays to detect RSK activity were subsequently carried out on the immunoprecipitates, using a GST-4E-BP1 protein as an exogenous substrate.

Article Snippet: SL0101-1 was used at a final concentration of 80 μ m , and BI-D1870 was used at a final concentration of 10 μ m . GST-4E-BP1, His-tagged 4E-BP1, and active PDK1 were from SignalChem (Richmond, Canada).

Techniques: Activity Assay, SDS Page, Transfection, Immunoprecipitation, In Vitro

Journal: The Journal of Biological Chemistry

Article Title: Regulatory Effects of Ribosomal S6 Kinase 1 (RSK1) in IFN? Signaling *

doi: 10.1074/jbc.M110.183566

Figure Lengend Snippet: RSK1 associates with 4E-BP1 in the 7-methylguanosine cap complex. A, serum-starved 4E-BP1+/+ and 4E-BP1−/− cells were treated with mouse IFNα for the indicated times. Equal amounts of cell lysates were incubated with cap analog beads, and after intensive washing, the retained proteins were resolved by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotted with antibodies against RSK1, 4E-BP1, or eIF4E. B, total cell lysates from the same experiment shown in A were resolved by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotted with the indicated antibodies.

Article Snippet: SL0101-1 was used at a final concentration of 80 μ m , and BI-D1870 was used at a final concentration of 10 μ m . GST-4E-BP1, His-tagged 4E-BP1, and active PDK1 were from SignalChem (Richmond, Canada).

Techniques: Incubation, SDS Page

Journal: International journal of molecular sciences

Article Title: Proteomic Analysis of Dysfunctional Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells Reveals Substantial Differences in Most Common Experimental Models of Chronic Liver Diseases.

doi: 10.3390/ijms241511904

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 6. Immunohistochemical assessment of protein expression. Representative images of Coro1a (A) and EHD3 (B) immunostaining at 10× magnification in liver sections of healthy controls compared to the three rat models of chronic liver disease. Positive staining clearly defines the liver sinusoids. CTRL, control; BDL, bile duct ligation model; CCl4, carbon tetrachloride model; HFGFD, high fat glucose fructose diet model; Coro1A, Coronin 1A; EHD3, EH Domain-Containing Protein 3. (C) Bar charts showing immunohistochemical quantitation of Coro1a and EHD3 expression levels, represented as mean ± SEM (n = 3 per group). ** p ≤0.01, *** p ≤0.001 vs. control.

Article Snippet: Sections were then incubated with primary antibodies against Coro1a at 1/1000 dilution (ab203698, Cambridge, UK) and EHD3 at 1/300 dilution (25320-1-AP, proteintech, Manchester, UK), followed by EnVision + Dual Link System-HRP (Dako, Glostrup, Denmark), and visualized with the VIP substrate kit (Vector, Burlingame, CA, USA) that produces a purple precipitate.

Techniques: Immunohistochemical staining, Expressing, Immunostaining, Staining, Control, Ligation, Quantitation Assay

Journal: Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)

Article Title: Nurr1 Modulation Mediates Neuroprotective Effects of Statins.

doi: 10.1002/advs.202104640

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 5. Reporter constructs validated Nurr1 involvement and Nurr1-mediated effects of simvastatin in the regulation of CDKN1A (p21), CDKN1C (p57), CDKN2D, and CDK6. a) In presence of Nurr1 (plain bars), simvastatin (SIM, 1 × 10−6, 6 × 10−6, 10 × 10−6 m) and fluvastatin (FLU, 10 × 10−6 m) activated reporter constructs comprising the promoter regions of the CDKN1A, CDKN1C, and CDKN2D genes or the intron 1 of the CDK6 gene or the regulatory element of the CDK6 gene. Without cotransfection of Nurr1 (filled bars), the statins had a weaker or no effect. Data are the mean ± S.E.M., n = 4. b) In Nurr1 expressing T98G cells, Nurr1 overexpression altered reporter activity. Data are the mean ± SD, n = 3. c) Simvastatin activated the reporter constructs also in T98G cells. Data are the mean ± S.E.M., n = 4. # p < 0.1, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 (t-tests vs control or as indicated).

Article Snippet: Cloning: Reporter clones for p21 (pGL2-p21 promoter-Luc,[64] Addgene plasmid #33021) and p57 (pGL3-p57,[65] Addgene plasmid #101760) were obtained from Addgene.

Techniques: Construct, Cotransfection, Expressing, Over Expression, Activity Assay, Control

Journal: Journal of Virology

Article Title: Peptides That Mimic the Amino-Terminal End of the Rabies Virus Phosphoprotein Have Antiviral Activity

doi: 10.1128/jvi.00977-09

Figure Lengend Snippet: FIG. 1. Sequence alignment of the N-terminal half of P proteins of RABV (PV strain; Lyssavirus genotype 1 [GT1]) and LBV (isolate V267; GT2). The secondary structure prediction for the N-terminal end of the RABV P protein is from Mavrakis et al. (32). The NES of the RABV P protein (36) is outlined in gray, and the interaction domains of the RABV P protein, with the polymerase L (P-L) (10) and with the nucleoprotein N° (P-N°) (32) are indicated. The peptides P42, P57, and P60 are represented. The serine in position 63 outlines one of the two serine residues that are phosphorylated on the RABV P protein (CVS strain) by the RVPK (15). The second serine residue (position 64) is changed into a proline in the RABV PV strain.

Article Snippet: To measure the replication inhibition with synthetic peptides, P42, P57, and P60 were obtained from New England Peptide with their carboxy-terminal extremity fused to a Tat peptide (NH2-RKKRRQRRRC-COOH) in order to allow transmembrane passage.

Techniques: Sequencing, Residue

Journal: Journal of Virology

Article Title: Peptides That Mimic the Amino-Terminal End of the Rabies Virus Phosphoprotein Have Antiviral Activity

doi: 10.1128/jvi.00977-09

Figure Lengend Snippet: FIG. 4. Inhibition of RABV pseudovirus production by plasmids encoding P42, P57, or P60. BSR cells were infected by a recombinant vT7-vaccinia virus (vT7-BSR) and then transfected with plasmids encoding the RABV minigenome (DI); the N, P, L, M and G proteins; and pCINeo plasmids encoding P42-3Flag, P57-3Flag, P60-3Flag, or 3Flag alone. The inhibitory effect on pseudovirus production was evaluated at 48 h posttransfection (each point was carried out in triplicate) by transferring the cell supernatant to new vT7-BSR cells transfected with plasmids encoding the N, P, and L proteins in order to enhance the luciferase signal from incoming pseudovirus. This signal, evaluated at 24 h postinfection, is proportional to the amount of incoming pseudovirus.

Article Snippet: To measure the replication inhibition with synthetic peptides, P42, P57, and P60 were obtained from New England Peptide with their carboxy-terminal extremity fused to a Tat peptide (NH2-RKKRRQRRRC-COOH) in order to allow transmembrane passage.

Techniques: Inhibition, Infection, Recombinant, Virus, Transfection, Transferring, Luciferase