Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Pharmacological and resting state fMRI reveal Osteocalcin’s effects on mouse brain regions with high Gpr37 and Gpr158 expression

doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-95000-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Study overview and time-dependent biotransformation effect of OCN. ( a ) The study consisted of a control group (injection with physiological sodium chloride; NaCl) and an OCN group (injection with OCN dissolved in NaCl). After each injection, NaCl for rinsing (NaCl rins ) was applied. Each mouse in each group received first a rs-fMRI and second a phMRI measurement. For phMRI, contrast agent (CA) was applied prior to the respective substance. Figure was created with BioRender.com. ( b ) The graphs depict the components with their number ( p FWE < 0.05) of significantly different connections ( p < 0.01) in the whole brain over the period of the RS post measurement. For this, time windows of the RS post measurement were tested statistically against the window of the RS pre measurement of the respective group using NBS. At the time window of approx. 34 min after substance injection (dashed vertical line), the OCN group (red graph) showed the component with the highest number of significantly different connections (arrow). The duration of the time window (10 min) is symbolized by the light grey box.

Article Snippet: The extension hose was filled for rs-fMRI measurements (Fig. a) with a 1:2 ratio of carboxylated OCN (90 ng/50 μl per mouse, solved in NaCl, MyBiosource, Inc., San Diego, USA) to NaCl for rinsing (NaCl rins ) for the OCN group.

Techniques: Control, Injection

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Pharmacological and resting state fMRI reveal Osteocalcin’s effects on mouse brain regions with high Gpr37 and Gpr158 expression

doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-95000-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Direct target regions of OCN in the brain assessed via regional cerebral blood volume. ( a ) AUC of rCBV signals of OCN (top) and control group (bottom) between 5–50 min after injection represented on one exemplary slice (Bregma -2.06 mm). Corresponding brain region contours are overlaid to gain anatomical insight into the signal pattern. ( b ) Circular representation of the difference of the average peak rCBV values of OCN and NaCl group per brain region for left and right hemisphere. Abbreviations of the corresponding brain regions, their assignment to functionally related groups, and the exact values for the rCBV differences can be found in Supplementary Table S2.

Article Snippet: The extension hose was filled for rs-fMRI measurements (Fig. a) with a 1:2 ratio of carboxylated OCN (90 ng/50 μl per mouse, solved in NaCl, MyBiosource, Inc., San Diego, USA) to NaCl for rinsing (NaCl rins ) for the OCN group.

Techniques: Control, Injection

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Pharmacological and resting state fMRI reveal Osteocalcin’s effects on mouse brain regions with high Gpr37 and Gpr158 expression

doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-95000-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Time-dependent modulation of functional connectivity 34 min after injection compared to baseline. Significant changes in modulated connectivity 34 min after injection of NaCl (top) and OCN (bottom) compared to baseline (RS pre ), calculated with NBS ( p FWE < 0.05, p < 0.01). Left networks show components that were significantly stronger after injection (red edges), right networks show components that were significantly stronger before the respective injection (blue edges). Networks are composed of color-coded nodes (see legend) representing brain regions and edges representing the connections between those regions. The size of the nodes correlates with their degree, i.e. the number of connections they possess.

Article Snippet: The extension hose was filled for rs-fMRI measurements (Fig. a) with a 1:2 ratio of carboxylated OCN (90 ng/50 μl per mouse, solved in NaCl, MyBiosource, Inc., San Diego, USA) to NaCl for rinsing (NaCl rins ) for the OCN group.

Techniques: Functional Assay, Injection

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Pharmacological and resting state fMRI reveal Osteocalcin’s effects on mouse brain regions with high Gpr37 and Gpr158 expression

doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-95000-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Circular representation of hub scores and the functional connectivity of OCN vs. NaCl group at 34 min after substance injection. The hub scores (normalized, sum of all hub scores is 100) for both hemispheres at 34 min after injection are displayed for both groups. The modulated functional connectivity of OCN vs. NaCl group calculated via NBS (p FWE < 0.05, p < 0.01) is displayed in the center of the circular plot. Abbreviations of the corresponding brain regions, their assignment to functionally related groups, and the exact values for the hub scores can be found in Supplementary Table S2.

Article Snippet: The extension hose was filled for rs-fMRI measurements (Fig. a) with a 1:2 ratio of carboxylated OCN (90 ng/50 μl per mouse, solved in NaCl, MyBiosource, Inc., San Diego, USA) to NaCl for rinsing (NaCl rins ) for the OCN group.

Techniques: Functional Assay, Injection

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Pharmacological and resting state fMRI reveal Osteocalcin’s effects on mouse brain regions with high Gpr37 and Gpr158 expression

doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-95000-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Summary of the top 10% modulated brain regions due to OCN administration revealed by multiparametric MRI and gene expression. The three overlapping circles contain brain regions that are in the top 10% regarding their respective largest values for gene expression (upper circle), difference of average peak rCBV values of OCN minus NaCl group (right circle), as well as hub score and modulated connectivity (left circle) of the OCN group. Brain regions in intersections indicate common results in two or all analytical modalities. Areas highlighted in green indicate overlap of MR modalities. To separate additionally between genes, brain regions written in blue highly express Gpr158 , brain regions written in brown highly express Gpr37 . Regions written in black do not belong to the top 10% of either Gpr158 or Gpr37 . Abbr.: CTXs: sensory cortex, CTXm: motor cortex, CTXpl: paralimbic cortex, HC: hippocampus, LS: limbic system, CB: cerebellum, BS: brainstem, LO: limbic output, CTXass: association cortex, BG: basal ganglia, AMY: amygdala, HY: hypothalamus, TH: thalamus, SI: sensory input.

Article Snippet: The extension hose was filled for rs-fMRI measurements (Fig. a) with a 1:2 ratio of carboxylated OCN (90 ng/50 μl per mouse, solved in NaCl, MyBiosource, Inc., San Diego, USA) to NaCl for rinsing (NaCl rins ) for the OCN group.

Techniques: Gene Expression

Journal: Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research

Article Title: N-Acetyl Cysteine Treatment Restores Early Phase Fracture Healing in Ethanol-Fed Rats

doi: 10.1111/acer.13765

Figure Lengend Snippet: Bone regeneration markers in ethanol (EtOH)-fed rats following fracture and treatment with n-acetyl cysteine (NAC). (A) Bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP), levels in the fracture callus of NAC-treated EtOH-fed rats. BAP levels were decreased by EtOH (p = 0.04), while NAC treatment increased both control and EtOH levels significantly (***p < 0.001). No significant interaction was observed for BAP. (B) Osteocalcin (OCN) levels in the fracture callus of NAC-treated EtOH-fed rats. EtOH increased OCN levels were increased (NS) and NAC reduced levels in the EtOH-fed rats comparable to controls, yet significance was not achieved. There was a significant interaction (p = 0.014) with diet and treatment. N = 4 animals per group.

Article Snippet: Bone formation markers rat C-terminal peptide of bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP) (Cusabio Biotech, Houston, TX), osteocalcin (OCN) (MyBioSource, San Diego,CA) were tested using commercial ELISA kits.

Techniques: Control

Journal: Materials Today Bio

Article Title: The combination of a 3D-Printed porous Ti–6Al–4V alloy scaffold and stem cell sheet technology for the construction of biomimetic engineered bone at an ectopic site

doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100433

Figure Lengend Snippet: Gene primer sequences for RT‒PCR of BMSCs.

Article Snippet: Primary antibodies, including anti -OCN (Genetex, 1:1000), anti -OPN (Novusbio, 1:1000), anti-COL-I (Bioss, 1:1000), anti -Runx2 (Bioss, 1:1000), and anti -β-actin (Abcam, 1:1000), were added to the membranes.

Techniques:

Journal: Materials Today Bio

Article Title: The combination of a 3D-Printed porous Ti–6Al–4V alloy scaffold and stem cell sheet technology for the construction of biomimetic engineered bone at an ectopic site

doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100433

Figure Lengend Snippet: In vitro analysis of osteogenesis of the combination of BMSCs and PT scaffolds. (A) Schematic of the experiment. BMSCs were collected from each group after 7 days and 14 days of coculturing with PT scaffolds in osteogenic induction medium. (B) Alizarin red staining images. (C) Quantification of Alizarin red staining based on the relative absorbance value. (D–G) The RT‒PCR results of osteogenesis-related gene expression of OCN, OPN, COL-I, and Runx2 in the PT, PT/LC, PT/MC, PT/HC, and PT/CS groups on days 7 and 14. These results suggested that increasing the number of initial seeding cells improved the capability of osteogenic differentiation. (H) Western blot (WB) analysis presented results similar to those of RT‒PCR. ∗ indicates significant differences (p ​< ​0.05).

Article Snippet: Primary antibodies, including anti -OCN (Genetex, 1:1000), anti -OPN (Novusbio, 1:1000), anti-COL-I (Bioss, 1:1000), anti -Runx2 (Bioss, 1:1000), and anti -β-actin (Abcam, 1:1000), were added to the membranes.

Techniques: In Vitro, Staining, Gene Expression, Western Blot

Journal: Nanomaterials

Article Title: Antibacterial and Osteogenic Activity of Titania Nanotubes Modified with Electrospray-Deposited Tetracycline Nanoparticles

doi: 10.3390/nano10061093

Figure Lengend Snippet: Osteogenic differentiation of osteoblasts on the specimens for 21 d. ( a ) The expression levels of osteopontin (OPN) and osteocalcin (OCN) assessed by real-time RT-PCR (* p < 0.05 vs. MA). ( b ) Fluorescence images of OCN (upper) and OPN (lower) (scale bar = 100 µm).

Article Snippet: To confirm the findings, immunofluorescence staining was performed with solutions of anti-OPN antibody (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX, USA) and anti-OCN antibody (QED Bioscience, San Diego, CA, USA) in blocking solution (1% BSA in PBS) at 4 °C for 1 d. After the cells were rinsed with wash buffer, they were soaked in solution with goat anti-mouse lgG-FITC (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX, USA) for 1 h. The stained cells were observed using CLSM (LSM700, Carl-Zeiss).

Techniques: Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Fluorescence