Journal: Biomaterials

Article Title: Cleaved SPP1-rich extracellular vesicles from osteoclasts promote bone regeneration via TGFβ1/SMAD3 signaling.

doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122367

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 5. Osteoclast EVs contained osteogenic proteins. A) The classification of proteins in OC-EVs according to the cellular components. B) The STRING analysis of the top 20 % of proteins (extracellular components) from OC-EVs for protein-protein interactions. C) mRNA expression of SPP1,CST3, ITGβ1, and OMD during the osteoclastic differentiation. D) Confocal microscopic images of OCs stained with CD9 (green), SPP1 (Red), CST3 (Red), and DAPI (blue) at day 6. The scale bar represents 100 μm. Data were expressed as means ± standard deviation (SD). *p < 0.05; **p < 0.001; ***p < 0.0001; ****p < 0.0001. One-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s post hoc test (n = 6). (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Article Snippet: Then cells were incubated with primary antibodies targeting osteopontin (22952-1-AP, Protein Tech), cystatin C (12245-1-AP, Protein Tech), and CD9 (MAB5218 R&D System) followed by washing and further labeling with secondary antibodies conjugated with fluorescent dyes.

Techniques: Protein-Protein interactions, Expressing, Staining, Standard Deviation