Journal: Molecules

Article Title: Nanostructured Thin Coatings Containing Anthriscus sylvestris Extract with Dual Bioactivity

doi: 10.3390/molecules25173866

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 8. E. coli biofilm formation (expressed as CFU (colony-forming units)/mL values) on control and coated surfaces for 24, 48, and 72 h of incubation at 37 ◦C (* p ≤0.05, ** p ≤0.01; comparison of coating vs. control sample for the same time interval).

Article Snippet: Antimicrobial Activity The antimicrobial potential of PLGA–Fe3O4@AN coatings was assessed against opportunistic microbial pathogens (laboratory strains): Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 23235 (a Gram-positive model strain that is clinically relevant and biofilm-forming), Escherichia coli ATCC 2592 (a Gram-negative model strain that is clinically relevant and biofilm-forming) and Candida albicans ATCC 10231 (a fungal model strain that is clinically relevant and biofilm-forming).

Techniques: Control, Incubation, Comparison

Journal: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM

Article Title: Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties of Physalis alkekengi L. Extracts In Vitro and In Vivo : Potential Application for Skin Care

doi: 10.1155/2022/7579572

Figure Lengend Snippet: Antioxidant effect of PEs in vivo . Thirty zebrafish embryos were incubated either with PEs at different concentrations or Tripeptide-1 as the positive control (PC) for 24 h. After, toxicity in zebrafish embryos was determined through bright-field microscopy while the ROS levels were detected through a fluorescent dye H2DCFDA. Briefly, 20 μ g/mL of H2DCFDA replaced the PEs to incubate with embryos for 1 h in the dark. After washing three times, the fluorescence was observed via fluorescence microscopy (c) and the fluorescence intensity was obtained using a microplate reader (b). ∗ ∗ p < 0.01, ∗ ∗∗ p < 0.001 compared to the nontreatment group.

Article Snippet: The average fluorescent intensity of the individual group was quantified using SpectraMax i3x Multimode microplate reader and calculated through Image J.

Techniques: In Vivo, Incubation, Positive Control, Microscopy, Fluorescence

Journal: Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)

Article Title: Desferrioxamine:gallium-pluronic micelles increase outer membrane permeability and potentiate antibiotic activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa †

doi: 10.1039/c8cc08134d

Figure Lengend Snippet: F127-DG2 increases the OM permeability of P. aeruginosa. (A) Targeted F127-DG2/TPE micelles exhibit greater binding to the OM of P. aeruginosa than untargeted F127/TPE micelles based on increased TPE fluorescence (blue). F127-DG2/TPE does not target E. coli due to lack of the necessary OM receptors. Positive control staining performed with FM 4-64FX (red). (B) OM permeabilization with F127-DG2 (64 µM) results in greater HI accumulation (red) in P. aeruginosa than unmodified F127 (64 µM) + DG (128 µM), while E. coli OM permeability is unchanged. Positive control staining performed with SYTO13 (green). (C) NCF hydrolysis occurs more rapidly in P. aeruginosa treated with F127-DG2 (128 µM) than unmodified F127 (128 µM) + DG (256 µM); E. coli OM permeability is unaffected by either polymer. Scale bars represent 2 µm.

Article Snippet: Neither F127-DG 2 nor F127 plus DG potentiated antibiotic activity against E. coli due to lack of the necessary OM receptors for DG. table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 caption a7 P. aeruginosa E. coli Potentiator Antibiotic ATCC 27853 a PAO1 a MDR 2638 a MDR 3072 a MDR 24530 a ATCC 25922 a None ERY 256 256 512 256 512 32 RIF 32 16 8 16 16 4 VAN >1024 >1024 512 >1024 1024 128 F127-DG 2 ERY 64(0.38) 128(0.53) 64(0.25) 128(0.63) 256(0.53) 16(0.75) RIF 8(0.31) 8(0.56) 4(0.53) 8(0.56) 8(0.53) 4(1.25) VAN 32(0.16) 64(0.19) 64(0.19) 64(0.19) 128(0.25) 128(1.25) Open in a separate window a Inhibitory concentrations for antibiotics are given in μg mL −1 , followed by FICIs given in parentheses.

Techniques: Permeability, Binding Assay, Fluorescence, Positive Control, Staining, Polymer

Journal: Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)

Article Title: Desferrioxamine:gallium-pluronic micelles increase outer membrane permeability and potentiate antibiotic activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa †

doi: 10.1039/c8cc08134d

Figure Lengend Snippet: Antimicrobial activity of F127-DG 2 or F127 + DG combined with selected antibiotics against P. aeruginosa and E. coli . The MIC of F127-DG 2 alone or free DG was greater than 1024 µM for all strains. FICI o 0.25 considered high synergistic activity, 0.25 o FICI o 0.75 considered moderate synergistic activity, and FICI > 0.75 considered no synergistic activity

Article Snippet: Neither F127-DG 2 nor F127 plus DG potentiated antibiotic activity against E. coli due to lack of the necessary OM receptors for DG. table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 caption a7 P. aeruginosa E. coli Potentiator Antibiotic ATCC 27853 a PAO1 a MDR 2638 a MDR 3072 a MDR 24530 a ATCC 25922 a None ERY 256 256 512 256 512 32 RIF 32 16 8 16 16 4 VAN >1024 >1024 512 >1024 1024 128 F127-DG 2 ERY 64(0.38) 128(0.53) 64(0.25) 128(0.63) 256(0.53) 16(0.75) RIF 8(0.31) 8(0.56) 4(0.53) 8(0.56) 8(0.53) 4(1.25) VAN 32(0.16) 64(0.19) 64(0.19) 64(0.19) 128(0.25) 128(1.25) Open in a separate window a Inhibitory concentrations for antibiotics are given in μg mL −1 , followed by FICIs given in parentheses.

Techniques: Activity Assay

Journal: Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)

Article Title: Desferrioxamine:gallium-pluronic micelles increase outer membrane permeability and potentiate antibiotic activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa †

doi: 10.1039/c8cc08134d

Figure Lengend Snippet: Survival of P. aeruginosa cells treated for 4 h shows bacteriostatic activity for ERY when combined with F127-DG2, while RIF and VAN combinations were bactericidal. (A) MHA plates at 0 and 4 hour for cultures of P. aeruginosa treated with F127-DG2 combined with ERY, RIF, or VAN. (A) F127-DG2 combined with ERY is bacteriostatic against P. aeruginosa whereas RIF or VAN are bactericidal. Unmodified F127 + DG combined with tested antibiotics did not result in inhibitory activity against P. aeruginosa and E. coli was also relatively unaffected by either formulation. Note: 128 µM F127-DG2 (or 128 µM F127+ 256 µM DG) and 96 µg mL−1 ERY, 12 µg mL−1 RIF, or 48 µg mL−1 were used against P. aeruginosa. One-way ANOVA performed for P. aeruginosa with F127-DG2 plus antibiotics relative to t = 0 h positive control, ***p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: Neither F127-DG 2 nor F127 plus DG potentiated antibiotic activity against E. coli due to lack of the necessary OM receptors for DG. table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 caption a7 P. aeruginosa E. coli Potentiator Antibiotic ATCC 27853 a PAO1 a MDR 2638 a MDR 3072 a MDR 24530 a ATCC 25922 a None ERY 256 256 512 256 512 32 RIF 32 16 8 16 16 4 VAN >1024 >1024 512 >1024 1024 128 F127-DG 2 ERY 64(0.38) 128(0.53) 64(0.25) 128(0.63) 256(0.53) 16(0.75) RIF 8(0.31) 8(0.56) 4(0.53) 8(0.56) 8(0.53) 4(1.25) VAN 32(0.16) 64(0.19) 64(0.19) 64(0.19) 128(0.25) 128(1.25) Open in a separate window a Inhibitory concentrations for antibiotics are given in μg mL −1 , followed by FICIs given in parentheses.

Techniques: Activity Assay, Formulation, Positive Control

Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

Article Title: Bacillus Calmette–Guérin-Induced Trained Immunity Is Not Protective for Experimental Influenza A/Anhui/1/2013 (H7N9) Infection in Mice

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00869

Figure Lengend Snippet: Efficacy of oseltamivir in a lethal BALB/c mouse model. Female BALB/c mice were challenged with a dose of 4MLD 50 influenza A/Anhui/1/2013 (H7N9) on day 0. Mice received 100 mg/kg twice daily p.o. Oseltamivir treatment from days 0–4 or 1–5 ( n = 8 per group) or the vehicle control ( n = 10) from days 0–4. Kaplan–Meyer survival curve (A) and mean body weight change (B) are depicted. Survival proportion in the oseltamivir treated groups was analyzed using a Fisher’s exact two-sided test with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. The effect of oseltamivir treatment on body weight was analyzed by comparing the area under curve of treatment groups with vehicle and was analyzed using a two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni correction. Error bars depict SEM. **** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: As a reference control for the lethal challenge model, two additional groups received the neuraminidase inhibitor oseltamivir phosphate (Tamiflu ® ; Roche, Switzerland) dissolved in sterile water (Fresenius Kabi, the Netherlands) and stored at 2–10°C until use.

Techniques: