Journal: Pharmaceuticals

Article Title: Effects of Magnesium Orotate, Benfotiamine and a Combination of Vitamins on Mitochondrial and Cholinergic Function in the TgF344-AD Rat Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

doi: 10.3390/ph14121218

Figure Lengend Snippet: Flow chart of the experimental design. Rats received either nutrients or vehicle by oral gavage for 14 days. The microdialysis probe was implanted on day 12. Microdialysis experiments (open field, scopolamine perfusion) were performed on day 13 and 14 to collect samples for acetylcholine, energy metabolites and magnesium measurements. Respirometry was done on day 14 with freshly prepared mitochondria from hippocampi of rats. Homogenates for AChE and ChAT measurements were also prepared on day 14.

Article Snippet: Y-shaped concentric microdialysis probes (Polysulfone membrane FX CorDiax 600, Fresenius Medical Care, Bad Homburg, Germany, 0123) with a molecular weight cut-off of 30 kDa and an exchange length of 3 mm were manufactured as described previously [ ] and implanted into the lateral hippocampus of fully anaesthetised rats by means of a stereotaxic instrument (Stoelting, Chicago, IL, USA).

Techniques:

Journal: Pharmaceuticals

Article Title: Effects of Magnesium Orotate, Benfotiamine and a Combination of Vitamins on Mitochondrial and Cholinergic Function in the TgF344-AD Rat Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

doi: 10.3390/ph14121218

Figure Lengend Snippet: Extracellular concentrations of metabolites as determined by microdialysis under basal conditions (not corrected for recovery) in rat hippocampus. Data are means ± SEM ( n = 8–10) and were analysed by one-way ANOVA. Glucose: F11,109 = 0.57, p = 0.85; Lactate: F11,109 = 0.86, p = 0.58; Lactate/Pyruvate ratio: F11,109 = 0.70, p = 0.73.

Article Snippet: Y-shaped concentric microdialysis probes (Polysulfone membrane FX CorDiax 600, Fresenius Medical Care, Bad Homburg, Germany, 0123) with a molecular weight cut-off of 30 kDa and an exchange length of 3 mm were manufactured as described previously [ ] and implanted into the lateral hippocampus of fully anaesthetised rats by means of a stereotaxic instrument (Stoelting, Chicago, IL, USA).

Techniques: Control, Transgenic Assay

Journal: Pharmaceuticals

Article Title: Effects of Magnesium Orotate, Benfotiamine and a Combination of Vitamins on Mitochondrial and Cholinergic Function in the TgF344-AD Rat Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

doi: 10.3390/ph14121218

Figure Lengend Snippet: Extracellular concentrations of magnesium (not corrected for recovery) as determined by microdialysis. ( A ) Young (6–7 month old) rats. ( B ) Old (15–16 month old) rats. Magnesium levels were measured in untreated wild-type and transgenic rats (WT, Tg) and after treatment with magnesium orotate (WT Mg, Tg Mg). Data are means ± SEM ( n = 4–19) and were analysed by one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s multiple comparison test: ( A ) F 3,46 = 5.82, p < 0.01. ( B ) Old rats: F 3,46 = 11.71, p < 0.001. ns, not significant vs. WT. * p < 0.05 vs. WT rats. # p < 0.05 vs. Tg rats.

Article Snippet: Y-shaped concentric microdialysis probes (Polysulfone membrane FX CorDiax 600, Fresenius Medical Care, Bad Homburg, Germany, 0123) with a molecular weight cut-off of 30 kDa and an exchange length of 3 mm were manufactured as described previously [ ] and implanted into the lateral hippocampus of fully anaesthetised rats by means of a stereotaxic instrument (Stoelting, Chicago, IL, USA).

Techniques: Transgenic Assay, Comparison