Journal: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

Article Title: Rapid Evolution of Multidrug Resistance in a Candida lusitaniae Infection during Micafungin Monotherapy

doi: 10.1128/aac.00543-23

Figure Lengend Snippet: Timeline of hospital admission, clinical isolate collection, and micafungin therapy. All isolates are single-colony cultures originating from individual blood culture specimens. Isolates are numbered by day of admission and order of specimens (e.g., D1.2 is day 1, isolate number 2). See Table S1 for isolate details.

Article Snippet: The MIC values for fluconazole (product no. J62015; Alfa Aesar) and micafungin (product no. HY16321; Medchemexpress) were determined by broth microdilution performed in YPAD medium with 1% dextrose as described previously ( ).

Techniques:

Journal: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

Article Title: Rapid Evolution of Multidrug Resistance in a Candida lusitaniae Infection during Micafungin Monotherapy

doi: 10.1128/aac.00543-23

Figure Lengend Snippet: Decreased drug susceptibility and tolerance appeared within 9 days of echinocandin monotherapy during C. lusitaniae infection. Heatmaps of relative growth at increasing concentrations of antifungal drug (MICs) and bar charts of tolerance (supra-MIC growth [SMG]) for three drug classes. The MIC is marked with a yellow bar for each isolate. MIC 50 is the lowest concentration of drug that decreased the 24-h growth to less than 0.5 of the growth of the no-drug control, and MIC 90 is the lowest concentration of drug that decreased the 24-h growth to less than 0.9 of the growth of the no-drug control (see Materials and Methods). SMG is the proportion of growth at 48 h in all wells with drug concentrations above the MIC relative to the growth of the no-drug control. (A) Micafungin (MCF) SMG and MIC 50 . (B) Fluconazole (FLC) SMG and MIC 50 . (C) Amphotericin B (AMB) SMG and MIC 90 . Each plot represents the average values from 3 independent assays.

Article Snippet: The MIC values for fluconazole (product no. J62015; Alfa Aesar) and micafungin (product no. HY16321; Medchemexpress) were determined by broth microdilution performed in YPAD medium with 1% dextrose as described previously ( ).

Techniques: Infection, Concentration Assay, Control

Journal: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

Article Title: Rapid Evolution of Multidrug Resistance in a Candida lusitaniae Infection during Micafungin Monotherapy

doi: 10.1128/aac.00543-23

Figure Lengend Snippet: The isolate with the greatest increase in the micafungin MIC value did not have a significant fitness cost relative to the fitness of drug-sensitive isolates. Shown are the 24-h growth curve and a box plot of the mean 24-h area under the logistic curve (AUC-L) values for all serial isolates in the absence and presence of micafungin (MCF). Isolates are grouped by MCF MIC results. The number of isolates per group is indicated on the x axis of each box plot. (A) Growth and mean AUC-L values in YPAD medium. (B) Growth and mean AUC-L values in 0.016 μg/mL MCF. A single isolate (D1.2) did not reach stationary phase and is labeled on the growth curve. (C) Growth and mean AUC-L values in 0.031 μg/mL MCF. Groups with any statistically significant difference in pairwise comparison of mean values are marked by asterisks in the box plot (***, P ≤ 0.001; ****, P ≤ 0.0001; see Table S3 for all statistical comparisons). Growth curves were performed in triplicate; mean slope values and standard deviations are shown. See Table S3 for growth curve summary statistics, Welch’s ANOVA omnibus testing of group mean AUC-L values, and Games-Howell post hoc pairwise testing.

Article Snippet: The MIC values for fluconazole (product no. J62015; Alfa Aesar) and micafungin (product no. HY16321; Medchemexpress) were determined by broth microdilution performed in YPAD medium with 1% dextrose as described previously ( ).

Techniques: Labeling, Comparison