Journal: Communications Biology

Article Title: Single-stranded DNA in the bone microenvironment promotes prostate cancer bone metastasis via the ITGA6-FAK pathway

doi: 10.1038/s42003-026-09929-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: A Schematic of the workflow for the extraction and analysis of ssDNA from human bone marrow supernatants. B Chromatogram of extracted ssDNA. C Representative image of agarose gel electrophoresis of ssDNA levels from bone fracture and bone metastasis patients. D The ssDNA concentration in bone marrow supernatants was compared between non-cancer bone fracture patients (normal, n = 3) and bone metastasis patients (met, n = 3). Meanwhile, the ssDNA concentration in serum was compared between non-cancer samples (normal, n = 20) and bone metastasis patients (met, n = 20). E Schematic of the experimental injection protocol. Group 1, vehicle injected into the left femur and scrambled DNA into the right femur. Group 2, scrambled DNA was injected into the left femur and ssDNA into the right femur. Each group included 8 mice. F Representative BLI images from mice in each group ( n = 8). G Quantification of the BLI signals measured in bone metastases from each group ( n = 8). H Kaplan–Meier survival curve of mice from Group 1 and Group 2 ( n = 8). I Representative micro-CT 3D reconstructed images from each group. J Quantitative Micro-CT analysis of the trabecular bone microarchitecture of femurs ( n = 8). K Representative H&E staining of bone lesions invaded by tumors from each group. Scale bar, 100 μm. L Quantification of relative tumor area of mice in each group ( n = 8). * P < 0.05; *** P < 0.001; **** P < 0.0001. Student’s t -test was used for ( D , F , H , J ). A two-sided log-rank test was used for the survival difference in ( K ). The error bar represent standard error of the mean. BV/TV trabecular bone volume per tissue volume, Tb.Th trabecular thickness. A was created with BioGDP.com, and E was created with MedPeer ( www.medpeer.cn ).

Article Snippet: The initial DNA library was generated from ssDNA isolated from BMSF of PCa patients with bone metastasis, following the protocol (ABclonal RK20222) and dissolved in binding buffer (0.01 M pH 7.4 PBS containing 5 mM MgCl 2 , 0.2 mg/mL tRNA, 1 mg/mL salmon sperm DNA, 2 mg/mL BSA) , .

Techniques: Extraction, Agarose Gel Electrophoresis, Concentration Assay, Injection, Micro-CT, Staining

Journal: Communications Biology

Article Title: Single-stranded DNA in the bone microenvironment promotes prostate cancer bone metastasis via the ITGA6-FAK pathway

doi: 10.1038/s42003-026-09929-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: A Schematic of the injection protocol and representative BLI images from mice in the sgControl and sgITGA6 groups. B Quantification of the BLI signals of bone metastases in sgControl and sgITGA6 groups ( n = 8). C Kaplan–Meier survival curve of mice from sgControl and sgITGA6 groups ( n = 8). D Representative micro-CT 3D reconstructed images from mice in the sgControl and sgITGA6 groups. E Quantitative micro-CT analysis of the trabecular bone microarchitecture from the femurs of mice in sgControl and sgITGA6 groups ( n = 8). F Schematic of injection protocol and representative BLI images from mice in sgControl + EHBP1-ssDNA and sgITGA6 + EHBP1-ssDNA groups. G Quantification of the BLI signals of bone metastases in sgControl + EHBP1-ssDNA and sgITGA6 + EHBP1-ssDNA groups ( n = 8). H Kaplan–Meier survival curve of mice from sgControl + EHBP1-ssDNA and sgITGA6 + EHBP1-ssDNA groups ( n = 8). I Representative micro-CT 3D reconstructed images from mice in sgControl + EHBP1-ssDNA and sgITGA6 + EHBP1-ssDNA groups. J Quantitative micro-CT analysis of the trabecular bone microarchitecture from the femurs of mice in sgControl and sgITGA6 groups ( n = 8). K Representative H&E images and quantification of bone lesions invaded by tumors from sgControl and sgITGA6 groups ( n = 8). Scale bar, 100 μm. L Representative H&E images and quantification of bone lesions invaded by tumors from sgControl + EHBP1-ssDNA and sgITGA6 + EHBP1-ssDNA groups ( n = 8). Scale bar, 100 μm. * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01; *** P < 0.001; **** P < 0.0001. Student’s t -test was used for ( B , E , G , J , K , L ). A two-sided log-rank test was used for survival difference in ( C , H ). The error bar represent standard error of the mean. BV/TV trabecular bone volume per tissue volume, Tb.Th trabecular thickness. A , F were created with MedPeer ( www.medpeer.cn ).

Article Snippet: The initial DNA library was generated from ssDNA isolated from BMSF of PCa patients with bone metastasis, following the protocol (ABclonal RK20222) and dissolved in binding buffer (0.01 M pH 7.4 PBS containing 5 mM MgCl 2 , 0.2 mg/mL tRNA, 1 mg/mL salmon sperm DNA, 2 mg/mL BSA) , .

Techniques: Injection, Micro-CT

Journal: Communications Biology

Article Title: Single-stranded DNA in the bone microenvironment promotes prostate cancer bone metastasis via the ITGA6-FAK pathway

doi: 10.1038/s42003-026-09929-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: A Representative BLI images from mice in the Vehicle and Defactinib groups. B Kaplan–Meier survival curve of mice in Vehicle, Defactinib, Vehicle + EHBP1-ssDNA, and Defactinib + EHBP1-ssDNA groups ( n = 8). C Representative BLI images from mice in Vehicle + EHBP1-ssDNA and Defactinib + EHBP1-ssDNA groups. D Quantification of the BLI signals of bone metastases in each group ( n = 8). E Representative micro-CT 3D reconstructed images from mice in Vehicle and Defactinib groups. F Quantitative micro-CT analysis of the trabecular bone microarchitecture of mice femurs from Vehicle and Defactinib groups ( n = 8). G Representative micro-CT 3D reconstructed images from mice in Vehicle + EHBP1-ssDNA and Defactinib + EHBP1-ssDNA groups. H Quantitative micro-CT analysis of the trabecular bone microarchitecture of mice femurs from Vehicle + EHBP1-ssDNA and Defactiib + EHBP1-ssDNA groups ( n = 8). I Representative H&E images and quantification of relative tumor area from mice in Vehicle and Defactinib groups ( n = 8). Scale bars represent 100 μm. J Representative H&E images and quantification of relative tumor area from mice in Vehicle + EHBP1-ssDNA and Defactinib + EHBP1-ssDNA groups ( n = 8). Scale bars represent 100 μm. * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01; *** P < 0.001; **** P < 0.0001. Student’s t -test was used for ( D , F , H , I , J ). A two-sided log-rank test was used for the survival difference in ( B ). The error bar represent standard error of the mean. BV/TV trabecular bone volume per tissue volume, Tb.Th trabecular thickness.

Article Snippet: The initial DNA library was generated from ssDNA isolated from BMSF of PCa patients with bone metastasis, following the protocol (ABclonal RK20222) and dissolved in binding buffer (0.01 M pH 7.4 PBS containing 5 mM MgCl 2 , 0.2 mg/mL tRNA, 1 mg/mL salmon sperm DNA, 2 mg/mL BSA) , .

Techniques: Micro-CT