Journal: Journal of Clinical Medicine

Article Title: Impaired Periodontitis-Induced Cytokine Production by Peripheral Blood Monocytes and Myeloid Dendritic Cells in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Case–Control Study

doi: 10.3390/jcm13175297

Figure Lengend Snippet: Gating strategy to identify peripheral blood monocytes and myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs). Monocytes (blue events) were identified based on their typical FSC/SSC characteristics ( A ), which lay between neutrophils (yellow events) and lymphocytes (identified in orange), together with high expression of CD45 ( B ), CD33 ( C ), HLA-DR ( D ) and CD14 ( E , F ). The mDCs (pink events) presented FSC/SSC values between those of monocytes and lymphocytes ( A ), along with lower levels of CD45 ( B ), and higher levels of CD33 ( C ) and HLA-DR ( D ), compared to monocytes; mDCs do not express CD14 ( E , F ). The percentages of monocytes and mDCs producing TNF-α ( E ) or IL-6 ( F ) were also evaluated. Light pink events correspond to eosinophils and gray events correspond to the remaining (non-identified) peripheral blood cells.

Article Snippet: Results : The frequency of monocytes and mDCs producing IL-6 or TNF-α and the expression of IL-6 and TNF-α in the PERIO group were generally higher.

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: Journal of Clinical Medicine

Article Title: Impaired Periodontitis-Induced Cytokine Production by Peripheral Blood Monocytes and Myeloid Dendritic Cells in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Case–Control Study

doi: 10.3390/jcm13175297

Figure Lengend Snippet: Frequencies (%) of peripheral blood monocytes and myeloid dendric cells in the three studied groups. Frequencies (%) of TNF-α- and IL-6-producing peripheral blood monocytes and myeloid dendric cells and amount of each cytokine per cell (measured as MFI) after stimulation with LPS plus IFN-γ in the three studied groups.

Article Snippet: Results : The frequency of monocytes and mDCs producing IL-6 or TNF-α and the expression of IL-6 and TNF-α in the PERIO group were generally higher.

Techniques:

Journal: Journal of Clinical Medicine

Article Title: Impaired Periodontitis-Induced Cytokine Production by Peripheral Blood Monocytes and Myeloid Dendritic Cells in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Case–Control Study

doi: 10.3390/jcm13175297

Figure Lengend Snippet: Graphical representation of the correlation matrix of the frequency and function of IL-6 and monocyte and dendritic cell producers of TNF-α and PAD2/4 activity, anti-RgpB IgG, P. gingivalis CFU, mean PD and mean CAL. The figure shows correlation coefficients r (scale on the right); p-values are shown as asterisks (* < 0.05; ** < 0.01; *** < 0.001). CAL = clinical attachment loss; CFU = colony-forming units; IL-6 = interleukin-6; mDCs = myeloid dendritic cells; MFI = mean fluorescence intensity of positive cells; PAD = peptidylarginine-deiminase; PD = probing depth; P. gingivalis = Porphyromonas gingivalis ; RgpB = arginine-specific gingipain; TNF-α = tumor necrosis factor-α; % = percentage of positive cells.

Article Snippet: Results : The frequency of monocytes and mDCs producing IL-6 or TNF-α and the expression of IL-6 and TNF-α in the PERIO group were generally higher.

Techniques: Activity Assay, Fluorescence

Journal: Diabetologia

Article Title: The role of circulating galectin-1 in type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease: evidence from cross-sectional, longitudinal and Mendelian randomisation analyses

doi: 10.1007/s00125-021-05594-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: Genome-wide analyses for fasting serum concentration of galectin-1 in the MDCS-CC. ( a ) Manhattan plot of SNPs with p values <0.10 based on genome-wide analysis (chromosomes 1–22) in n = 4086 participants from the MDCS-CC. Red line indicates the genome-wide significant p value of 5 × 10 −8 . ( b ) Quantile–quantile (QQ) plot. ( c ) Regional locus zoom plot of associations at/near the galectin-1 gene ( LGALS1 ). The purple diamond indicates the sentinel SNP (rs7285699; p = 2.4 × 10 −11 ), and all identified SNPs within different degrees of perfect linkage disequilibrium are also shown ( r 2 ≥ 0.80 [red], <0.8–0.6 [orange], <0.6–0.4 [green], <0.4–0.2 [light blue] and ≤0.2 [dark blue]) at this locus. cM, centimorgans; Mb, megabase

Article Snippet: The sentinel SNP from the galectin-1 GWAS in the MDCS-CC (rs7285699) was examined in relation to eGFR among all individuals with type 2 diabetes and within the specific clusters.

Techniques: Genome Wide, Concentration Assay

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Achieving Acetylcholine Receptor Clustering in Tissue-Engineered Skeletal Muscle Constructs In vitro through a Materials-Directed Agrin Delivery Approach

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00508

Figure Lengend Snippet: Dramatic impact of bioreactor preconditioning on AChR expression and organization in 3D tissue engineered constructs seeded with rat MDCs. (A–C) Bioreactor preconditioning in constructs with embedded agrin-presenting microspheres induces robust appearance large tracts of AChR clusters (red), indicating that mechanical stretch and agrin presentation may act synergistically. Very little AChR clustering and no large tracts of AChR clusters were observed for (D) unstretched (no bioreactor preconditioning) constructs with embedded agrin-presenting or (E) bioreactor preconditioned constructs with embedded BSA-presenting microspheres. Green color indicates fibrin construct (by autofluorescence) and the DAPI staining (blue) indicates an immature cell phenotype. (F) Shows the quantification of the bungarotoxin intensity as pixel intensity per unit area as determined by a blinded observer for three separate images ( n = 3) from a bioreactor experiment. Error bars in (F) indicate standard error of the mean and ∗ indicates P < 0.05 of stretched (bioreactor preconditioned) constructs compared to unstretched (static) agrin-presenting microspheres or stretched (bioreactor preconditioned) BSA-presenting beads. Scale bar represents 20 μm.

Article Snippet: Separately, rat MDCs were obtained from 4 to 6 week old male Lewis rats (Charles River, Raleigh, NC, USA) and were isolated as previously described ( ; ).

Techniques: Expressing, Construct, Staining

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Achieving Acetylcholine Receptor Clustering in Tissue-Engineered Skeletal Muscle Constructs In vitro through a Materials-Directed Agrin Delivery Approach

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00508

Figure Lengend Snippet: Representative examples of AChR clustering in a bioreactor-preconditioned agrin-presenting tissue engineered construct. Shown are rat MDCs (blue nuclei) seeded on the surface of fibrin scaffolds (green autofluorescence) carrying embedded SiO2 microspheres with covalently surface-bound agrin. Cells exhibited AChR clustering (red) after constructs were subjected to 5 days of cyclic mechanical strain. In contrast to the discrete geometry of AChR clusters observed under static culture with C2C12 cells (see Figures and ), AChRs in these rat MDCs cultured on bioreactor-conditioned agrin-presenting scaffolds clustered into extensive structures of complex geometry (A–D) more reminiscent of the appearance of native MEPs in vivo . By contrast, AChR clusters were never observed under static 3D culture conditions (compare to Figure ), indicating mechanical stretch and agrin presentation may act synergistically in the formation of mature MEP-like structures in vitro . (A–D) Represent selected magnified views from a 3D-projected confocal z-stack, and are shown in the context of the larger section ( E,F , compare to Figures ). Scale bars represent 20 μm.

Article Snippet: Separately, rat MDCs were obtained from 4 to 6 week old male Lewis rats (Charles River, Raleigh, NC, USA) and were isolated as previously described ( ; ).

Techniques: Construct, Cell Culture, In Vivo, In Vitro

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Characterization of the Immune-Modulating Properties of Different β-Glucans on Myeloid Dendritic Cells

doi: 10.3390/ijms25189914

Figure Lengend Snippet: β-glucan-stimulated mDCs can suppress both IL-5 and IFNγ production from Th2-primed Bet v 1-specific CD4 + T cells. Bone marrow of BALB/c mice was isolated and differentiated into mDCs for 8 days. CD4 + T cells were isolated from BALB/c mice that were previously sensitized twice with 10 µg of the major birch pollen allergen Bet v 1 and 2 mg Alum i.p. The differentiated mDCs and the isolated T cells were co-cultured in 48-well plates and either stimulated with 8 µg of the respective β-glucan (lighter colors) or re-stimulated with 4.3 µg Bet v 1 in the presence of 8 µg of the respective β-glucan (darker colors) for additional 72 h ( A ). The Warburg Effect was measured at OD 570nm normalized to the unstimulated controls with or without Bet v 1, respectively ( B ). Secretion of IL-2, IL-5, IFNγ, IL-10, and IL-13 were determined via sandwich ELISA. Data are mean results ± SD of three independent experiments. Statistical comparison was performed by 1-way ANOVA with correction for multiple comparisons according to Dunnett and indicated as follows: no indication = not significant and p -value > 0.05, * p -value < 0.05, ** p -value < 0.01, *** p -value < 0.001, or **** p -value < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: BALB/c (Jackson Laboratories, Bar Harbor, ME, USA) mDCs (5 × 10 5 cells/mL) were cultured in 48-well plates with splenic CD4 + T cells (6.3 × 10 5 cells/mL) isolated from BALB/c mice sensitized with Bet v 1 plus aluminum hydroxide (Alum) (2 times 10 µg Bet v 1 plus 0.5 mg Alum i.p., 2 weeks apart, approval number: F107/1049, Regierungspräsidium Darmstadt) using the CD4 + T Cell Isolation Kit (Miltenyi Biotech, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany).

Techniques: Isolation, Cell Culture, Sandwich ELISA, Comparison