Journal: Brain : a journal of neurology

Article Title: Connexin43 mimetic peptide reduces vascular leak and retinal ganglion cell death following retinal ischaemia.

doi: 10.1093/brain/awr338

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 3 Three hours of hypoxia and 6 h of reperfusion lead to significant endothelial cell death in vitro in rat brain microvascular endothelial cells (RBMVEC; A). Non-specific gap junction blocker carbenoxolone, non-specific hemichannel blocker LaCl3, and connexin43 (Cx43) mimetic peptide protected endothelial cells against hypoxic injury, with the number of viable cells significantly higher than no treatment, while scrambled peptide did not have any protective effects. The number of viable cells was expressed as percentage of the control without hypoxia. Hypoxia and reperfusion also lead to significant propidium iodide dye uptake into primary rat brain microvascular endothelial cells indicating open hemichannels (B). Carbenoxolone, LaCl3 and connexin43 mimetic peptide significantly prevented dye uptake compared to no treatment, indicating hemichannel closure, while scrambled peptide did not have any effect. Stars denote statistical significance when compared to the control group or compared between groups in brackets; P 5 0.05.

Article Snippet: Rat brain microvascular endothelial cells (R840K-05a, Cell Applications) were plated into 24-well plates (1 105 cells/well) in rat brain microvascular endothelial cell growth media (R819K-500, Cell Applications) and allowed to settle for 16 h. Medium was then removed and replaced with Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium/F12 containing 0.5% foetal bovine serum and 1% glutamine.

Techniques: In Vitro, Control

Journal: American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology

Article Title: Novel anti-inflammatory mechanisms of N -Acetyl-Ser-Asp-Lys-Pro in hypertension-induced target organ damage

doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00305.2007

Figure Lengend Snippet: FACS analysis to compare expression of F4/80 by macrophages. A: surface expression of F4/80 by macrophages obtained by treating bone marrow stem cells (BMSC) with macrophage growth medium (MGM). B: isotype control for A. C: surface F4/80 expression in cells treated with MGM + N-acetyl-serylaspartyl-lysyl-proline (Ac-SDKP; 10 nM). D: isotype control for C. FL1-H, fluorescence intensity on the FL1, (FITC) channel; M1, marker used to define positive events.

Article Snippet: The collected bone marrow cells were pooled, washed in ice-cold PBS, and resuspended in macrophage growth medium (MGM; BioVeris) with the following composition: human colony stimulating factors [granulocyte macrophage (GM)-CSF, granulocyte (G)-CSF, and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF)] and cytokines in Iscove’s modified Dulbecco’s medium (IMDM; HEPES buffered) with 5% (vol/vol) FBS (heat inactivated) and kanamycin sulfate.

Techniques: Expressing, Control, Fluorescence, Marker

Journal: American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology

Article Title: Novel anti-inflammatory mechanisms of N -Acetyl-Ser-Asp-Lys-Pro in hypertension-induced target organ damage

doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00305.2007

Figure Lengend Snippet: Measurement of macrophage migration in the Boyden chamber. Cells were plated on the upper surface of the Boyden chamber and a chemoattractant [galectin-3 or macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF)] with and without Ac-SDKP was added to the lower chamber. A: effects of Ac-SDKP on macrophage migration stimulated with galectin-3. B: effects of Ac-SDKP on macrophage migration stimulated with M-CSF. Ac-SDKP inhibited both galectin-3- and M-CSF-dependent macrophage migration in vitro. A.U., arbitrary units; n = 4.

Article Snippet: The collected bone marrow cells were pooled, washed in ice-cold PBS, and resuspended in macrophage growth medium (MGM; BioVeris) with the following composition: human colony stimulating factors [granulocyte macrophage (GM)-CSF, granulocyte (G)-CSF, and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF)] and cytokines in Iscove’s modified Dulbecco’s medium (IMDM; HEPES buffered) with 5% (vol/vol) FBS (heat inactivated) and kanamycin sulfate.

Techniques: Migration, In Vitro

Journal: American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology

Article Title: Novel anti-inflammatory mechanisms of N -Acetyl-Ser-Asp-Lys-Pro in hypertension-induced target organ damage

doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00305.2007

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of Ac-SDKP on TNF-α release by cultured macrophages stimulated with LPS. Macrophages were grown in the 96-well culture plate; TNF-α levels were measured in the culture supernatant and were normalized to the viable cells present on the corresponding culture wells. Bacterial LPS increased the release of TNF-α by mature macrophages, which was significantly reduced by Ac-SDKP; n = 6.

Article Snippet: The collected bone marrow cells were pooled, washed in ice-cold PBS, and resuspended in macrophage growth medium (MGM; BioVeris) with the following composition: human colony stimulating factors [granulocyte macrophage (GM)-CSF, granulocyte (G)-CSF, and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF)] and cytokines in Iscove’s modified Dulbecco’s medium (IMDM; HEPES buffered) with 5% (vol/vol) FBS (heat inactivated) and kanamycin sulfate.

Techniques: Cell Culture