Journal: International Ophthalmology

Article Title: Evaluation of a novel eyelid-warming device in meibomian gland dysfunction unresponsive to traditional warm compress treatment: an in vivo confocal study

doi: 10.1007/s10792-014-9947-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: LSCM images of meibomian glands’ acinar units in a patient not-responder to warm compress treatment: baseline ( a ), V1—after 3 weeks of warm compresses ( b ), and V2—after 3 weeks of treatment with Blephasteam ® ( c )

Article Snippet: All the visits (screening and enrollment—V0, visit at day 21 ± 2—V1, and visit at day 42 ± 2—V2) included the same procedures, performed in the order suggested by the 2007 International Dry Eye Workshop [ ]: OSDI questionnaire, fluorescein BUT, fluorescein corneal staining (quantified using the CLEK scheme) [ ], Schirmer test without topical anesthesia, meibomian gland expression, and LSCM (HRT II Corneal Rostock Module, Heidelberg Engineering GmbH, Dossenheim, Germany) of meibomian glands.

Techniques:

Journal: Langmuir

Article Title: Effects of Gas Layer Thickness on Capillary Interactions at Superhydrophobic Surfaces

doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03709

Figure Lengend Snippet: Photos showing the shape of 6 μL water drops and images using laser scanning confocal microscopy of a water drop labeled with fluorescent dye (1 mg L –1 ) (cyan color) resting on the superhydrophobic surfaces prepared with (a) one coating cycle, (b) two coating cycles, (c) three coating cycles, (d) four coating cycles, and (e) five coating cycles. The reflection from the substrate-coating interface is shown in red.

Article Snippet: The instrument utilized for imaging and force measurements is specially designed and consists of an inverted LSCM coupled with a JPK NanoWizard AFM (JPK Instruments AG)., , For surfaces showing attractive forces exceeding 15 μm, the force range exceeded the range of the internal AFM piezo scanner.

Techniques: Confocal Microscopy, Labeling

Journal: Langmuir

Article Title: Effects of Gas Layer Thickness on Capillary Interactions at Superhydrophobic Surfaces

doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03709

Figure Lengend Snippet: Approximate Coating Thicknesses Determined from SEM Images and Corresponding Gaseous Layer Thicknesses Determined from LSCM Images

Article Snippet: The instrument utilized for imaging and force measurements is specially designed and consists of an inverted LSCM coupled with a JPK NanoWizard AFM (JPK Instruments AG)., , For surfaces showing attractive forces exceeding 15 μm, the force range exceeded the range of the internal AFM piezo scanner.

Techniques:

Journal: Biomolecules

Article Title: Confocal Endomicroscopy of Neuromuscular Junctions Stained with Physiologically Inert Protein Fragments of Tetanus Toxin

doi: 10.3390/biom11101499

Figure Lengend Snippet: GFP-tagged TetC staining of motor nerve terminals is concentration dependent. ( A – C ): LSCM images of an NMJ in an unfixed mouse TS muscle vitally stained with 100 µg/mL of full-length GFP-TetC and 5 µg/mL TRITC-α-bungarotoxin. ( A ): GFP-TetC uniformly stained motor nerve terminals but not their preterminal axons. Both diffuse and concentrated staining (‘hotspots’; arrows and inset) was typically observed; ( B ): Counterstaining with TRITC-α-bungarotoxin staining of postsynaptic AChR; ( C ): Merged image showing alignment of presynaptic staining with slight extension of AChR staining beyond the margins of the nerve terminal staining. ( D ): Wide-field fluorescence images of motor nerve terminals in mouse FDB muscles stained with progressively increasing concentrations (12.5–100 µg/mL, as indicated) of GFP-TetC. ( E ): Graph of ratio of nerve terminal fluorescence to background fluorescence (ΔF/F 0 ) versus GFP-TetC concentration. Fluorescence ratio was calculated from the difference between average intensity in a region of interest (ROI) including a continuous portion of the NMJ (range of areas 575 to 1650 pixels) selected using the ‘magic wand’ tool in Fiji, compared with that in a background region outside the NMJ. Discernible staining of NMJs was observed with concentrations about 10 µg/mL but brighter, higher contrast staining was observed at concentrations between 50–100 µg/mL.

Article Snippet: Requests for emGFP-TetC constructs, raw data used in electrophysiological analysis, or images obtained using LSCM or CEM in the present study should be directed to the corresponding authors.

Techniques: Staining, Concentration Assay, Fluorescence, Muscles

Journal: Biomolecules

Article Title: Confocal Endomicroscopy of Neuromuscular Junctions Stained with Physiologically Inert Protein Fragments of Tetanus Toxin

doi: 10.3390/biom11101499

Figure Lengend Snippet: TetC binding sites are mobile within the nerve terminal membrane. ( A ): Sequence of LSCM images of an unfixed mouse TS NMJ showing recovery of fluorescence after photobleaching (FRAP) of the region indicated (yellow outlined box) in the first image of the sequence. Subsequent images were captured at fixed laser power at the times indicated during the following 60 min. ( B ): Images of the showing recovery of fluorescence in the expanded region indicated in A. Yellow arrow indicates the bleached region in this NMJ. ( C ): Graphs of FRAP from two separate experiments (preparations from different mice) based on measurements in diffusely stained regions of the motor nerve terminals. ( D ): Graphs of FRAP from three different experiments (preparations from different mice) based on measurements in punctate-stained, hotspot regions of motor nerve terminals. The relatively slow rates of FRAP suggest a slower process of redistribution of labelled TetC receptor proteins than expected by passive diffusion.

Article Snippet: Requests for emGFP-TetC constructs, raw data used in electrophysiological analysis, or images obtained using LSCM or CEM in the present study should be directed to the corresponding authors.

Techniques: Binding Assay, Membrane, Sequencing, Fluorescence, Staining, Diffusion-based Assay

Journal: Biomolecules

Article Title: Confocal Endomicroscopy of Neuromuscular Junctions Stained with Physiologically Inert Protein Fragments of Tetanus Toxin

doi: 10.3390/biom11101499

Figure Lengend Snippet: emGFP-TetC derivatives stain rodent and human motor nerve terminals. ( A ): LSCM image of unfixed motor nerve terminals in mouse TS muscle vitally stained with 50 µg/mL emGFP-865:TetC (full length TetC); ( B ): merged LSCM mouse TS NMJs stained with an Alexa488-tagged full length TetC construct (green fluorescence) and AChR counterstained with TRITC-α-bungarotoxin (red fluorescence; colocalised staining yellow); ( C ): Merged LSCM images of NMJs counterstained with TRITC-α-bungarotoxin and TetC constructs truncated at the N-terminal amino acids indicated, in mouse, rat and human muscle explants. All the constructs indicated produced NMJ staining (staining of human explants with emGFP-1109:TetC was not attempted). Insets in ( B , C ) show the fluorescent green channel (displayed as grey) for each image.

Article Snippet: Requests for emGFP-TetC constructs, raw data used in electrophysiological analysis, or images obtained using LSCM or CEM in the present study should be directed to the corresponding authors.

Techniques: Staining, Construct, Fluorescence, Produced

Journal: Biomolecules

Article Title: Confocal Endomicroscopy of Neuromuscular Junctions Stained with Physiologically Inert Protein Fragments of Tetanus Toxin

doi: 10.3390/biom11101499

Figure Lengend Snippet: emGFP-TetC constructs also stain neonatal NMJs. ( A – D ): LSCM images of the motor innervation of unfixed TS muscle preparations from rats of the postnatal ages (in days, P3–P10) indicated, co-stained with emGFP-1093:TetC and TRITC-α-bungarotoxin. Motor nerve terminals (yellow) and axons (green) that were polyneuronally innervating NMJs were visible at this age. Arrows indicate staining of intramuscular and preterminal axons. ( E ): By contrast, emGFP-1093:TetC intensely stained motor nerve terminals (inset) in an adult (about 150 g) rat TS preparation but, as in adult mice, the preterminal axon (cyan arrow) appeared largely unstained.

Article Snippet: Requests for emGFP-TetC constructs, raw data used in electrophysiological analysis, or images obtained using LSCM or CEM in the present study should be directed to the corresponding authors.

Techniques: Construct, Staining

Journal: Biomolecules

Article Title: Confocal Endomicroscopy of Neuromuscular Junctions Stained with Physiologically Inert Protein Fragments of Tetanus Toxin

doi: 10.3390/biom11101499

Figure Lengend Snippet: emGFP-TetC constructs also stain unmyelinated axons and unidentified non-neuronal cells. ( A ): Low power LSCM image of an unfixed mouse ETA preparation vitally stained with emGFP-865:TetC. In addition to nerve terminal staining, a network of axonal staining (arrows) was also visible, not terminating at NMJs and likely to be unmyelinated axons of intramuscular sensory axons or vascular autonomic motor axons (see also ). ( B ): Higher power image of the same preparation as A, showing probable unmyelinated autonomic/sensory axonal staining. Note that although these axons in this maximum intensity projection LSCM image may appear to end on NMJs, inspection of the image z-series indicated clearly that they were not (images not shown); ( C , D ): In addition to axonal staining (arrows), in some preparations emGFP-TetC constructs evidently stained unidentified non-neuronal cells (asterisks), possibly macrophages.

Article Snippet: Requests for emGFP-TetC constructs, raw data used in electrophysiological analysis, or images obtained using LSCM or CEM in the present study should be directed to the corresponding authors.

Techniques: Construct, Staining