Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Expression of Mutant Huntingtin in Leptin Receptor-Expressing Neurons Does Not Control the Metabolic and Psychiatric Phenotype of the BACHD Mouse

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051168

Figure Lengend Snippet: No differences in immobility could be detected in the FST between any of the genotypes in the breeding between F BACHD and M LepR-cre (A). For the F LepR-cre×M BACHD breeding (B), LepR-cre mice spent significantly more time immobile than WT and LepR-cre mice. (n = 4–10/genotype/sex/breeding). All data are expressed as means ± SEM. significant differences from WT and LepR-cre mice: * p<0.05 (see ).

Article Snippet: The criteria for immobility were that no swimming movements were made and that the movements made were only necessary to keep the head above the water surface according to the criteria defined by Porsolt 1977 .

Techniques:

Journal: The Libyan Journal of Medicine

Article Title: Effects of calcium channel blockers on antidepressant action of Alprazolam and Imipramine

doi: 10.4176/070909

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of nifedipine on the onset of immobility by alprazolam and imipramine using the behavior despair model of depression. The values are expressed as mean ± S.E.M. a: p ≤ 0.05 compared to control group treated with Tween 80- treated. b: p ≤ 0.05 compared to group treated with alprazolam +nifedipine. c: p ≤ 0.05 compared to group treated with imipramine+nifedipine.

Article Snippet: We used a behavioral model of immobility first postulated by Porsolt [ ] and Porsolt et al. and named the behavioral despair model [ ].

Techniques: Control

Journal: The Libyan Journal of Medicine

Article Title: Effects of calcium channel blockers on antidepressant action of Alprazolam and Imipramine

doi: 10.4176/070909

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of verapamil on the onset of immobility produced by alprazolam or imipramine using the behavior despair model of depression. The values are expressed as mean ± S.E.M. a: p≤0.05 compared to control group treated with Tween 80-treated. b: p≤0.05 compared to group treated with alprazolam + verapamil. c: p≤0.05 compared to the group treated with imipramine + verapamil.

Article Snippet: We used a behavioral model of immobility first postulated by Porsolt [ ] and Porsolt et al. and named the behavioral despair model [ ].

Techniques: Produced, Control

Journal: Neural Plasticity

Article Title: Coping with the Forced Swim Stressor: Towards Understanding an Adaptive Mechanism

doi: 10.1155/2016/6503162

Figure Lengend Snippet: The figure shows the interpretation of the outcomes of the FST as a function of year of publication. The slopes that are plotted indicate that over the years more studies choose to label the outcomes from the FST as “depression-like behaviour” (the red line) and fewer as “antidepressant” properties of drugs (the blue line) or behavior such as “learned immobility” (the green line). For more information on these data we refer to Molendijk and de Kloet .

Article Snippet: ” In reply Porsolt maintains the position that the immobility response in the FST measures lowered mood and despair and acknowledges that the procedure is “ not a model for depression in the rat ” but reflects “ ... some aspects of depressed mood.

Techniques:

Journal: International Journal of Biomedical Science : IJBS

Article Title: Hormone-Balancing Effect of Pre-Gelatinized Organic Maca ( Lepidium peruvianum Chacon): (I) Biochemical and Pharmacodynamic Study on Maca using Clinical Laboratory Model on Ovariectomized Rats

doi:

Figure Lengend Snippet: The effect of Maca-GO treatment (twice daily 250 mg/kg body weight) on anti-depressive activity in Porsolt immobility test (A) and sedative - anxiolytic and locomotor activity test (B) in ovariectomized and sham operated rats. Results expressed as group mean and standard error of mean (± SEM). V, vehicle (water); M, Maca-GO; SHO, sham-operated group; OVC, ovariectomized group. Significant differences at P <0.05: *vs V-SHO; #vs V-OVC.

Article Snippet: After four weeks study during which rats in all respective groups were exposed to doses of either Maca-GO or Vehiculum (water only) just before morning intubation (before 9 am), the following pharmacodynamic tests were performed: Immobility test (according to Porsolt) Sedative (locomotor activity) test Anxiolytic (plus-maze) test Cognitive activity test

Techniques: Activity Assay

Journal: G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics

Article Title: Reciprocal F1 Hybrids of Two Inbred Mouse Strains Reveal Parent-of-Origin and Perinatal Diet Effects on Behavior and Expression

doi: 10.1534/g3.118.200135

Figure Lengend Snippet: POE, perinatal diet effect, and diet-by-POE on behavioral phenotypes. For each phenotype, the table shows the modeled variables, along with their corresponding q-values (FDR), which account for multiple testing within a behavioral pipeline. Significant/suggestive q-values are bolded. †q < 0.2 (suggestive), *q < 0.05, **0.01, ***0.001 respectively. POE = parent of origin effect; PPI = prepulse inhibition; CORT = corticosterone; SIH-T1 = basal temperature; SIH-T2 = post-stress temperature; SIH-delta = (T2-T1). For completeness, p-values before multiple testing correction are included as well, but they are not directly used to test significance

Article Snippet: Percent immobility was reported as a measure of depressive-like behavior ( Porsolt et al. 1977 ).

Techniques: Inhibition, Suspension

Journal: Medical Review

Article Title: Assessment of commonly used tests in experimental depression studies according to behavioral patterns of rodents

doi: 10.1515/mr-2023-0018

Figure Lengend Snippet: Schematic of swimming, climbing, and immobility behaviors in forced swimming test (modified from ref. with the permission). Note: The values given for the cylinder dimensions in the figure belong to the test apparatus we used for rats.

Article Snippet: In the first version of Porsolt et al. in 1977, only the immobility behavior of the subjects was considered [ ].

Techniques: Modification