Journal: Current protocols in chemical biology

Article Title: A Detailed Guide for Metabolic Incorporation of N -acetyl muramic Acid Probes into Bacterial Peptidoglycan

doi: 10.1002/cpch.74

Figure Lengend Snippet: Troubleshooting the Bacterial Cell Wall Labeling (Basic Protocol 4)

Article Snippet: Materials Stock solutions of sugars (0.1 M of NAM, 2-AzNAM, 2-AlkNAM, or 3-AzNAM in Milli-Q ® water) E. coli ΔMurQ-KU cells (see Liang, et. al 2017 2017 for strain construction; for access to strain, contact corresponding author) Petri Dishes with Clear Lid (Fisher- Catalog ID FB0875712) Isopropyl-1-thio-β-D-galactoside (IPTG) (Gold Biotechnology-Catalog ID I2481) Lysogeny broth (LB) Bacto Agar (Fisher) Chloramphenicol (34 mg/mL stock in Milli-Q ® water) (Gold Biotechnology-Catalog ID C-105) Kanamycin (50 mg/mL stock in Milli-Q® water) (Gold Biotechnology-Catalog ID K-120) Fosfomycin (10 mg/mL in Milli-Q® water) (Gold Biotechnology- Catalog ID F-470) 1 x Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) Copper sulfate (CuSO 4 ) (Fisher) Freshly prepared (+)− sodium (L) ascorbate (Fisher) Tris[(1-benzyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methyl]amine (TBTA) (Sigma) Fluor 488-Alkyne (Sigma- Catalog ID61621) Poly-L-lysine (Sigma) Milli-Q ® water Cover glasses (Zeiss) 1.5 mL sterile Eppendorf tubes Prolong Diamond Antifade Mountant (Invitrogen) Sterile culture tubes 37 °C incubator Zeiss Elyra PS.1 microscope with Plan-Apochromat × 63/1.4 Oil differential interference contrast (DIC) M27 objective Plate shaker UV/Vis Spectrophotometer Tweezers Preparation of Stock Bacterial Plate 1.

Techniques: Labeling, Fluorescence, Concentration Assay, Imaging

Journal: Microbiology Spectrum

Article Title: Sub-inhibitory concentrations of fosfomycin enhance Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation by a sarA -dependent mechanism

doi: 10.1128/spectrum.01521-25

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of sub-inhibitory concentrations of fosfomycin on the initial adhesion ability of S. aureus . ( A ) Adhesion densities of S. aureus Newman strain at 30 and 120 minutes under different fosfomycin concentrations (0, 0.5, and 1 µg/mL). ( B ) Adhesion densities of S. aureus N315 strain under the same conditions. Adhesion is quantified as colony-forming units (CFU) per cm². Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA. ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, **** P < 0.0001, ns (not significant) P > 0.05.

Article Snippet: Fosfomycin (cat. no: HY-B1075A) was obtained from MedChemExpress (Shanghai, China) and dissolved in sterile deionized water.

Techniques:

Journal: Microbiology Spectrum

Article Title: Sub-inhibitory concentrations of fosfomycin enhance Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation by a sarA -dependent mechanism

doi: 10.1128/spectrum.01521-25

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of sub-inhibitory concentrations of fosfomycin on biofilm formation ability of S. aureus . Crystal violet staining and quantification of biofilms formed by S. aureus Newman ( A ) and N315 ( B ) strains under sub-inhibitory concentrations of fosfomycin on the biofilm formation ability of S. aureus . Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA. ( C ) Effect of fosfomycin (1/4 MIC) on biofilm formation of various clinical S. aureus isolates. The concentration of fosfomycin at 1/4 MIC was calculated based on the MIC value determined for each strain, as listed in . Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis was performed using an unpaired, two-tailed Student’s t-test. *** P < 0.001, **** P < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: Fosfomycin (cat. no: HY-B1075A) was obtained from MedChemExpress (Shanghai, China) and dissolved in sterile deionized water.

Techniques: Staining, Concentration Assay, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Microbiology Spectrum

Article Title: Sub-inhibitory concentrations of fosfomycin enhance Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation by a sarA -dependent mechanism

doi: 10.1128/spectrum.01521-25

Figure Lengend Snippet: Confocal laser scanning microscopy analysis of S. aureus biofilm formation under sub-inhibitory concentrations of fosfomycin. Representative images of biofilms formed by S. aureus Newman and N315 strains with and without 1 µg/mL fosfomycin treatment. Bacteria were stained with SYTO9 (green, live cells) and propidium iodide (PI, red, dead cells). Images show magnification, SYTO9 channel, PI channel, and merged views for each condition.

Article Snippet: Fosfomycin (cat. no: HY-B1075A) was obtained from MedChemExpress (Shanghai, China) and dissolved in sterile deionized water.

Techniques: Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy, Bacteria, Staining

Journal: Microbiology Spectrum

Article Title: Sub-inhibitory concentrations of fosfomycin enhance Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation by a sarA -dependent mechanism

doi: 10.1128/spectrum.01521-25

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of sub-inhibitory concentrations of fosfomycin on major biofilm components of S. aureus . ( A ) Dot blot analysis of PIA production in Newman and N315 strains under different fosfomycin concentrations (0, 0.5, and 1 µg/mL). ( B ) Evaluation of gray values of PIA using ImageJ software. WGA: wheat germ agglutinin. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA. ( C ) Visual assessment of S. aureus aggregation in Newman and N315 strains with and without 1 µg/mL fosfomycin treatment. ( D ) Quantitative analysis of S. aureus aggregation. ( E ) Autolysis assay of S. aureus Newman and N315 strains treated with or without 1 µg/mL fosfomycin. The autolysis rate is represented by the decrease in optical density (OD 600 ) over time. Data points represent mean ± SEM. ( F ) Quantification of eDNA release in Newman and N315 strains with and without 1 µg/mL fosfomycin treatment. eDNA concentration is normalized to OD 600 and expressed as ng/μL/OD 600 . ( G ) Quantification of biofilm biomass in Newman, N315, and five clinical MRSA isolates. Biofilms were first induced by 1/4 MIC fosfomycin for 24 hours, where the 1/4 MIC for each strain was calculated based on its individual MIC value, as shown in . After induction, biofilms were treated with different concentrations of proteinase K (10, 20, and 40 µg/mL) for 4 hours. Biofilm biomass was measured by crystal violet staining and expressed as OD 600 . Bars represent mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA. ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, **** P < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: Fosfomycin (cat. no: HY-B1075A) was obtained from MedChemExpress (Shanghai, China) and dissolved in sterile deionized water.

Techniques: Dot Blot, Software, Concentration Assay, Staining

Journal: Microbiology Spectrum

Article Title: Sub-inhibitory concentrations of fosfomycin enhance Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation by a sarA -dependent mechanism

doi: 10.1128/spectrum.01521-25

Figure Lengend Snippet: The mechanism by which sub-inhibitory concentrations of fosfomycin enhance S. aureus biofilm formation. ( A ) Effects of sub-inhibitory concentrations of fosfomycin on the expression of biofilm-related genes of S. aureus . Relative fold changes in gene expression in Newman (left) and N315 (right) strains treated with 1 µg/mL fosfomycin compared to untreated controls. Statistical analysis was performed using an unpaired, two-tailed Student’s t-test. ( B ) Confirmation of the sarA deletion (Δ sarA ) in the Newman strain. Agarose gel electrophoresis (left; GL DNA Marker 1000, Accurate Biology) and Sanger sequencing results (right) are shown. ( C ) Crystal violet staining of biofilms formed by Newman and Δ sarA , Δ sarA -C (Δ sarA complemented with the sarA gene) strains under different fosfomycin concentrations (0, 0.5, and 1 µg/mL) in 96-well plates. ( D ) Quantification of biofilm biomass at OD 600 after acetic acid dissolution. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA. ( E ) Initial adhesion assays of Newman, Δ sarA , Δ sarA -C (Δ sarA complemented with the sarA gene) strains with and without 1 µg/mL fosfomycin treatment. Results are expressed as percentages of adhesion. Statistical analysis was performed using an unpaired, two-tailed Student’s t-test. ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, **** P < 0.0001, ns (not significant) P > 0.05.

Article Snippet: Fosfomycin (cat. no: HY-B1075A) was obtained from MedChemExpress (Shanghai, China) and dissolved in sterile deionized water.

Techniques: Expressing, Gene Expression, Two Tailed Test, Agarose Gel Electrophoresis, Marker, Sequencing, Staining, Dissolution

Journal: Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences

Article Title: A fast and sensitive LC-MS/MS method for the quantification of fosfomycin in human urine and plasma using one sample preparation method and HILIC chromatography.

doi: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.07.036

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 1. (a) Chemical structure of fosfomycin and (b) the internal standard: fosfomycin- 13C3. Only one of the enantiomers from the racemic mixture is depicted. The three 13C atoms are marked as C*.

Article Snippet: Fosfomycin was purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology Inc. (Huissen, the Netherlands, purity> 98%) and racemic fosfomycin-13C3 benzylamine salt, which was used as the internal standard, was purchased from Toronto Research Chemicals (North York, Canada, purity 96%).

Techniques:

Journal: Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences

Article Title: A fast and sensitive LC-MS/MS method for the quantification of fosfomycin in human urine and plasma using one sample preparation method and HILIC chromatography.

doi: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.07.036

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 2. Chromatograms of fosfomycin in urine (a) and plasma (b) and the internal standard in urine (c) and in plasma (d) after injection of calibration standard 3.

Article Snippet: Fosfomycin was purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology Inc. (Huissen, the Netherlands, purity> 98%) and racemic fosfomycin-13C3 benzylamine salt, which was used as the internal standard, was purchased from Toronto Research Chemicals (North York, Canada, purity 96%).

Techniques: Clinical Proteomics, Injection

Journal: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

Article Title: Antimicrobial resistance in uropathogens and appropriateness of empirical treatment: a population-based surveillance study in Indonesia

doi: 10.1093/jac/dkw578

Figure Lengend Snippet: Resistance to selected antibiotics by setting and species

Article Snippet: The antibiotics used were ampicillin (10 μg), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (20/10 μg), ampicillin/sulbactam (10/10 μg), piperacillin/tazobactam (100/10 μg), cefepime (30 μg), ceftriaxone (30 μg), cefuroxime (30 μg), ceftazidime (30 μg), ertapenem (10 μg), meropenem (10 μg), gentamicin (10 μg), amikacin (30 μg), ciprofloxacin (5 μg), levofloxacin (5 μg), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (1.25/23.75 μg), nitrofurantoin (300 μg), tigecycline (15 μg) (all Oxoid) and fosfomycin (200 μg) (Becton Dickinson).

Techniques:

Journal: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

Article Title: Antimicrobial resistance in uropathogens and appropriateness of empirical treatment: a population-based surveillance study in Indonesia

doi: 10.1093/jac/dkw578

Figure Lengend Snippet: Percentage of E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates resistant by antimicrobial drug and patient characteristics. 1, community based; 2, hospital associated; AMP, ampicillin; AMC, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid; SAM, ampicillin/sulbactam; TZP, piperacillin/tazobactam; FEP, cefepime; CTX, ceftriaxone; CXM, cefuroxime; CAZ, ceftazidime; ETP, ertapenem; MEM, meropenem; GEN, gentamicin; AMK, amikacin; CIP, ciprofloxacin; LVX, levofloxacin; SXT, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole; NIT, nitrofurantoin; TGC, tigecycline; FOS, fosfomycin.

Article Snippet: The antibiotics used were ampicillin (10 μg), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (20/10 μg), ampicillin/sulbactam (10/10 μg), piperacillin/tazobactam (100/10 μg), cefepime (30 μg), ceftriaxone (30 μg), cefuroxime (30 μg), ceftazidime (30 μg), ertapenem (10 μg), meropenem (10 μg), gentamicin (10 μg), amikacin (30 μg), ciprofloxacin (5 μg), levofloxacin (5 μg), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (1.25/23.75 μg), nitrofurantoin (300 μg), tigecycline (15 μg) (all Oxoid) and fosfomycin (200 μg) (Becton Dickinson).

Techniques: