Journal: Molecules : A Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry

Article Title: Antimicrobial Activity and Chemical Composition of Essential Oils from Verbenaceae Species Growing in South America

doi: 10.3390/molecules23030544

Figure Lengend Snippet: Antimicrobial activity of essential oils (EOs) of plants belonging to the Verbenacea family against human pathogens (bacteria, fungi, or yeasts).

Article Snippet: , monoterpenes, thymol, geranial, neral, limonene , Rhodococcus equi CCT0541, M. luteus CCT2692, S. aureus CCT2740, S. epidermidis ATCC12228, B. subtilis Cohn CCT2576, Enterococcus faecium ATCC10541 Schleifer Kilpper-Balz (registered at ATCC as Streptococcus faecium ), Enterococcus faecium CCT5079, clinical isolates of genito-urinary infections S. aureus , and Enterococcus sp. , P. aeruginosa ATCC13388, Salmonella choleraesuis CCT4296, E. coli CCT0547, clinical isolates of genito-urinary infections: E. coli , Klebsiella ozaenae , Enterobacter aerogenes , Proteus mirabilis. , C. albicans ATCC 10231 , 0.05– >2 mg/mL ▲ , [ ] .

Techniques: Activity Assay, Bacteria, Isolation

Journal: Thoracic Cancer

Article Title: Tumor suppressor effect of an antibody on xenotransplanted sarcomatoid mesothelioma cells

doi: 10.1111/1759-7714.14591

Figure Lengend Snippet: Representative immunofluorescent staining of cultured mesothelioma cells using AX10 antibody (a), immunohistochemical staining (b), and secondary antibody‐drug conjugate assay in vitro (c). (a) AX10 immunoreactivity in MPM‐1, −2, and −3 cells, representing sarcomatoid, epithelioid, and biphasic type mesothelioma, respectively. All MPM‐1, −2, and −3 cells exhibited AX10 antibody immunoreactivity at the cell surface. The staining was analyzed using a Guava easyCyte cell analyzer and accompanying software to obtain a one‐parameter log histogram. (b) AX10 immunoreactivity in various mesothelioma tissue specimens. Weak or no AX10 immunoreactivity was detected in five out of 10 epithelioid mesothelioma tissues (a). One out of five biphasic mesotheliomas exhibited AX10 immunoreactivity in spindle sarcomatoid components (arrow) but weak immunoreactivity in epithelioid components (arrowhead) (b). Five out of six sarcomatoid mesothelioma tissues exhibited strong AX10 immunoreactivity (c). Little AX10 immunoreactivity was detected in normal human tissues. No significant AX10 immunoreactivity was detected in the lung (d) (pleural mesothelial cells; insert) tissue specimens. Weak AX10 immunoreactivity was detected in myofibrous cells in the uterus (e). We did not detect any significant AX10 immunoreactivity in the brain, liver, or kidney, whereas strong AX10 immunoreactivity was observed in a nonmelanocytic (hypomelanocytic) melanoma tissue sample that was supplementally included in the microarray (f) (staining without AX10 antibody; insert). (c) MPM‐1 sarcomatoid mesothelioma cells were incubated with AX10 at 10, 100, and 1000 ng/mL followed by incubation with anti‐murine IgG (Fc) antibody conjugated to duocarmycin. Representative staining with Annexin V‐PI is presented. Note the dose‐dependent Annexin V‐positive and PI‐negative apoptotic MPM‐1 cells in the presence of AX10 antibody

Article Snippet: Tissue microarrays composed of mesothelioma (Cat. No. MS801b) and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) normal organ tissue arrays (Cat. No. NBP2‐78057) were purchased from US Biomax and Novus Biologicals, respectively.

Techniques: Staining, Cell Culture, Immunohistochemical staining, In Vitro, Software, Microarray, Incubation

Journal: Thoracic Cancer

Article Title: Tumor suppressor effect of an antibody on xenotransplanted sarcomatoid mesothelioma cells

doi: 10.1111/1759-7714.14591

Figure Lengend Snippet: AX10 does not affect cell proliferation, but significantly decreases Matrigel invasion activity of MPM‐1 sarcomatoid mesothelioma cells in vitro. (a) Representative cell proliferation assay. At 24 h, the cell number was 1.80 ± 0.10 (mock) and 1.77 ± 0.06 (AX10). Respective numbers at 48 h were 2.40 ± 0.10 (mock) and 2.37 ± 0.12 (AX10), while at 72 h they were 3.90 ± 0.20 (mock) and 4.20 ± 0.61 (AX10). The data represent means ± SD from triplicate assays (Student's t ‐test, p > 0.5). (b) AX10 significantly reduced Matrigel invasion activity of MPM‐1 cells (Student's t ‐test, p < 0.01). The number of invading cells was 59.7 ± 7.02 (mock) and 10.3 ± 1.52 (AX10) at 24 h, and 210.7 ± 11.4 (mock) and 15.0 ± 3.00 (AX10) at 48 h. Data from triplicate assays are expressed as means ± SD ( n = 3). (c) Cells that migrated to the lower surface of the membrane are shown (48 h). Original magnification, ×100

Article Snippet: Tissue microarrays composed of mesothelioma (Cat. No. MS801b) and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) normal organ tissue arrays (Cat. No. NBP2‐78057) were purchased from US Biomax and Novus Biologicals, respectively.

Techniques: Activity Assay, In Vitro, Proliferation Assay, Membrane

Journal: Thoracic Cancer

Article Title: Tumor suppressor effect of an antibody on xenotransplanted sarcomatoid mesothelioma cells

doi: 10.1111/1759-7714.14591

Figure Lengend Snippet: Inhibitory effect of AX10 on MPM‐1 xenotransplanted sarcomatoid mesothelioma cell proliferation. (a) Inoculation of AX10 antibody delayed the growth of xenotransplanted MPM‐1 sarcomatoid mesothelioma tumors. On day 0, SCID‐NOD mice were subcutaneously implanted with MPM‐1 cells. The following day, day 3, the mice were administered AX10 antibody or vehicle only by intraperitoneal injection and weekly thereafter as indicated by arrows. Values are represented as means ± standard error for n = 5 mice. Statistical significance was measured by a two‐sided unpaired Student's t ‐test (* p < 0.01). (b) On day 42, the xenotransplanted tumors were excised to determine their weight. Total tumor weights are represented as means ± standard error for n = 5 mice. Statistical significance was measured by a two‐sided unpaired Student's t ‐test ( p < 0.01). (c) Gross and histological appearance of a representative xenotransplanted tumor. Arrowhead indicates the tumor without AX10 antibody, while the arrow indicates the small tumor remaining following weekly AX10 injection. Note the elimination of tumor cells, which were histologically replaced by regenerative muscle in mice inoculated with AX10 antibody. Scale bar indicates 100 μm

Article Snippet: Tissue microarrays composed of mesothelioma (Cat. No. MS801b) and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) normal organ tissue arrays (Cat. No. NBP2‐78057) were purchased from US Biomax and Novus Biologicals, respectively.

Techniques: Injection

Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology

Article Title: The antibacterial activity of a photoactivatable diarylacetylene against Gram-positive bacteria

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1243818

Figure Lengend Snippet: Screening lead compounds for antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Two-fold dilutions of six lead compounds (labelled 1–6) were applied in 6 μL volumes to the surface of a soft agar overlay inoculated with Bacillus subtilis , Staphylococcus epidermidis , Escherichia coli or Pseudomonas fluorescens . The LB agar plates were exposed to light at 365 nm for 5 min and then incubated for 24 h at 37°C prior to imaging. Controls without light activation or with application of DMSO are shown in .

Article Snippet: Bacillus subtilis 168 (ATCC 23857), Staphylococcus epidermidis (ATCC 12228), Pseudomonas fluorescens (ATCC 13525) and Escherichia coli FDA strain Seattle 1946 (ATCC 25922) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection.

Techniques: Activity Assay, Bacteria, Incubation, Imaging, Activation Assay

Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology

Article Title: The antibacterial activity of a photoactivatable diarylacetylene against Gram-positive bacteria

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1243818

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of Compound 2 on bacterial growth. Escherichia coli (A) , B. subtilis (B) and S. epidermidis (C) were cultivated in LB broth at 37°C in 96-well plates in a plate reader with continuous shaking. Growth was monitored at OD 600nm in samples exposed to light at 365 nm for 5 min (filled symbols) or without light treatment (open symbols). Samples contained 2 μM Compound 2 or 0.2% DMSO indicated by circles or squares, respectively.

Article Snippet: Bacillus subtilis 168 (ATCC 23857), Staphylococcus epidermidis (ATCC 12228), Pseudomonas fluorescens (ATCC 13525) and Escherichia coli FDA strain Seattle 1946 (ATCC 25922) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection.

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology

Article Title: The antibacterial activity of a photoactivatable diarylacetylene against Gram-positive bacteria

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1243818

Figure Lengend Snippet: Real-time monitoring of bacterial membrane integrity. The BacLight assay of membrane integrity following photoactivation of Compound 2 . S. epidermidis (A) , B. subtilis (B) , P. fluorescens (C) and E. coli (D) in mid-log phase of growth were stained with PI (magenta) and SYTO 9 (yellow) and imaged by confocal microscopy without light activation (−) or 10 min after photoactivation with the 405 nm laser (+). The laser was applied at 30% power for 1 min. The bar represents 3 μm.

Article Snippet: Bacillus subtilis 168 (ATCC 23857), Staphylococcus epidermidis (ATCC 12228), Pseudomonas fluorescens (ATCC 13525) and Escherichia coli FDA strain Seattle 1946 (ATCC 25922) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection.

Techniques: Membrane, BacLight Assay, Staining, Confocal Microscopy, Activation Assay

Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology

Article Title: The antibacterial activity of a photoactivatable diarylacetylene against Gram-positive bacteria

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1243818

Figure Lengend Snippet: Role of the E. coli outer membrane in protecting against Compound 2 toxicity. (A) The viability of E. coli O + , O − and Δ rfaC cells was evaluated as in with exposure to 2 μM Compound 2 with or without light activation. (B) PI assay of E. coli strains to monitor loss of membrane integrity. (C) Real-time imaging of E. coli strains stained with PI (magenta) and SYTO 9 (yellow) by confocal microscopy. Images taken prior to light exposure (−) and 10 min after photoactivation (+) as indicated. The bar represents 3 μm.

Article Snippet: Bacillus subtilis 168 (ATCC 23857), Staphylococcus epidermidis (ATCC 12228), Pseudomonas fluorescens (ATCC 13525) and Escherichia coli FDA strain Seattle 1946 (ATCC 25922) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection.

Techniques: Membrane, Activation Assay, Imaging, Staining, Confocal Microscopy

Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology

Article Title: The antibacterial activity of a photoactivatable diarylacetylene against Gram-positive bacteria

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1243818

Figure Lengend Snippet: Susceptibility of E. coli strains deficient in oxidative damage and tolerance pathways. The viability of bacteria exposed to 2 μM Compound 2 after photoactivation is shown. Serial dilutions of bacteria were applied to LB agar plates and colonies counted to determine CFU/ml. A representative image of each strain is shown (A) and the CFU/ml (B) represents the mean and standard error of three independent experiments.

Article Snippet: Bacillus subtilis 168 (ATCC 23857), Staphylococcus epidermidis (ATCC 12228), Pseudomonas fluorescens (ATCC 13525) and Escherichia coli FDA strain Seattle 1946 (ATCC 25922) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection.

Techniques: Bacteria