Journal: Anesthesia & Analgesia

Article Title: Minocycline Relieves Depressive-Like Behaviors in Rats With Bone Cancer Pain by Inhibiting Microglia Activation in Hippocampus

doi: 10.1213/ane.0000000000004063

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 5. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis of different M1/M2 microglia markers and soluble mediators secreted by M1/M2 microglia in the hippocampus. (A and B) BCP induced increase in M1 marker CD86 and proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β, while were alleviated by minocycline. (C and D) BCP failed to make any change in M2 marker MRC1 and proinflammatory cytokine IL-10, while minocy- cline upregulated them. There was no difference in IL-4 among the 3 groups. The data are expressed as the mean ± SD (n = 4). **P < .01, ***P < .001, “sham + vehicle” versus “BCP + vehicle” and #P < .05, ##P < .01, “BCP + vehicle” versus “BCP + mino.” BCP indicates bone cancer pain; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; IL, interleukin; mino, minocycline; TNF, tumor necrosis factor.

Article Snippet: The following microglia marker and secreted factors were measured according to the manufacturer-recommended protocol and quantified with the Multiskan Specturm (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Grand Island, NY): CD86 (Cat# CSBE08543r; Cusabio Biotech, Wuhan, China), tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interleukin-10, interleukin-4 (Cat# RTA00, RLB00, R1000, R4000; R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN), and MRC1 (Cat# SEB542Ra; Cloud-Clone Corp, Houston, TX).

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Marker

Journal: Burns & Trauma

Article Title: Immunomodulatory poly(L-lactic acid) nanofibrous membranes promote diabetic wound healing by inhibiting inflammation, oxidation and bacterial infection

doi: 10.1093/burnst/tkae009

Figure Lengend Snippet: Sequences of the primers used for qRT–PCR

Article Snippet: The antibodies against cluster of differentiation 206 (CD206) and cluster of differentiation 86 (CD86) were obtained from Affinity Biosciences Co., Ltd (Jiangsu, China).

Techniques: Sequencing

Journal: Burns & Trauma

Article Title: Immunomodulatory poly(L-lactic acid) nanofibrous membranes promote diabetic wound healing by inhibiting inflammation, oxidation and bacterial infection

doi: 10.1093/burnst/tkae009

Figure Lengend Snippet: Treatment with PLLA nanofibrous membranes promoted the polarization of macrophages toward the M2 phenotype. ( a – f ) The mRNA expression of genes was measured via qRT-PCR. ( g , h ) Expression of CD86 and CD206 in macrophages evaluated via western blotting. Data are expressed as the mean ± SD (n = 3) ( * p < 0.05; * * p < 0.01; * * * p < 0.001). PLLA poly(L-lactic acid), PLLA/C poly(L-lactic acid)/curcumin, PLLA/Ag poly(L-lactic acid)/silver nanoparticles, PLLA/C/Ag poly(L-lactic acid)/curcumin/silver nanoparticles, IL-6 interleukin 6, TNF-α tumor necrosis factor α, TGF-β transforming growth factor β, ARG-1 arginase 1, LPS lipopolysaccharide, GAPDH glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, q RT-PCR quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, SD standard deviation

Article Snippet: The antibodies against cluster of differentiation 206 (CD206) and cluster of differentiation 86 (CD86) were obtained from Affinity Biosciences Co., Ltd (Jiangsu, China).

Techniques: Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Western Blot, Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Standard Deviation

Journal: Burns & Trauma

Article Title: Immunomodulatory poly(L-lactic acid) nanofibrous membranes promote diabetic wound healing by inhibiting inflammation, oxidation and bacterial infection

doi: 10.1093/burnst/tkae009

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of nanofibrous membranes on autophagic flux in macrophages. ( a ) Western blotting of LC3-I, LC3-II and P62 in RAW264.7 cells treated with nanofibrous membranes. ( b ) Quantitative analysis of western blotting of LC3-I, LC3-II and P62 in RAW264.7 cells treated with nanofibrous membranes. ( c ) Representative immunofluorescence images and quantitative analysis of the number of yellow autophagosomes (G + R + ) and red autolysosomes (G − R + ) in mRFP-GFP-LC3 dots in macrophages. (scale bar: 5 μm) ( d ) Autophagic flux was measured by counting the cells with yellow autophagosomes and red autolysosomes. A total of 20 cells were counted per sample for each condition. Data are expressed as mean ± SD (n = 20). ( e ) Representative images and quantitative analysis of western blotting of CD206 in RAW 264.7 cells treated with LPS, rapamycin and chloroquine. ( f ) The mRNA expression of anti-inflammatory molecules in RAW 264.7 cells was analyzed via qRT–PCR. Data are expressed as the mean ± SD (n = 3) ( * p < 0.05; * * p < 0.01; * * * p < 0.001). PLLA poly(L-lactic acid), PLLA/C poly(L-lactic acid)/curcumin, PLLA/Ag poly(L-lactic acid)/silver nanoparticles, PLLA/C/Ag poly(L-lactic acid)/curcumin/silver nanoparticles, GAPDH glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, LC3 microtubule-associated proteins light chain 3, P62 sequestosome 1, RP rapamycin, CQ chloroquine, qRT-PCR quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, mRFP monomeric red fluorescent protein, GFP green fluorescent protein, SD standard deviation

Article Snippet: The antibodies against cluster of differentiation 206 (CD206) and cluster of differentiation 86 (CD86) were obtained from Affinity Biosciences Co., Ltd (Jiangsu, China).

Techniques: Western Blot, Immunofluorescence, Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Standard Deviation

Journal: Burns & Trauma

Article Title: Immunomodulatory poly(L-lactic acid) nanofibrous membranes promote diabetic wound healing by inhibiting inflammation, oxidation and bacterial infection

doi: 10.1093/burnst/tkae009

Figure Lengend Snippet: Immunofluorescence analysis in the diabetic wound model 14 days after surgery. ( a ) Immunohistochemical analysis of α-SMA and CD31 in skin wound samples (scale bar: 100 μm). ( b ) Immunohistochemical analysis of CD86 and CD206 in skin wound samples (scale bar: 100 μm). ( c ) Immunohistochemical analysis of LC3 in skin wound samples (scale bar: 50 μm). ( d – h ) Quantification of the results of immunohistochemical analysis. ( i – k ) Western blotting of LC3-I, LC3-II and P62 in macrophages in mice treated with PLLA nanofibrous membranes. Data are expressed as the mean ± SD (n = 3) ( * p < 0.05; * * p < 0.01; * * * p < 0.001). PLLA poly(L-lactic acid), PLLA/C poly(L-lactic acid)/curcumin, PLLA/Ag poly(L-lactic acid)/silver nanoparticles, PLLA/C/Ag poly(L-lactic acid)/curcumin/silver nanoparticles, α-SMA alpha-smooth muscle actin, β-actin beta-actin, LC3 microtubule-associated proteins light chain 3, SD standard deviation

Article Snippet: The antibodies against cluster of differentiation 206 (CD206) and cluster of differentiation 86 (CD86) were obtained from Affinity Biosciences Co., Ltd (Jiangsu, China).

Techniques: Immunofluorescence, Immunohistochemical staining, Western Blot, Standard Deviation