Journal: Progress in retinal and eye research

Article Title: Development of the hyaloid, choroidal and retinal vasculatures in the fetal human eye

doi: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2017.10.001

Figure Lengend Snippet: VEGFR2 (A–D), CD31 (E–H) and CD34 (I–L) labeling (all red) with epsilon hemoglobin (green, Hb-ε) and DAPI (blue, nuclei) in blood island-like structures in the 6 WG vitreous. Free erythroblasts co-expressed VEGFR2 and Hb-ε (arrowhead in A–D) as did some cells within blood islands (arrow in A–D). All cells of the blood islands expressed VEGFR2. CD31 and Hb-ε were co-expressed in select cells of blood islands (arrow in E–H) while free Hb-ε+ erythroblasts were only weakly immunoreactive for CD31 (arrowhead in E–H). CD34 and Hb-ε were co-expressed in some scattered cells in blood island-like structures (arrows in I–L), while free Hb-ε+ erythroblasts were CD34− (not shown). (Scale bar in A, E & I = 10 μm) (Fig. 5 from McLeod et al., Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 53:7918, 2012, with permission).

Article Snippet: A and C are merged B and D with DAPI nuclear counterstaining (blue). (Bar = 10 μm) ( from Hasegawa et al., Developmental Dynamics 236:2096 from Hasegawa et al., Developmental Dynamics 236:2007, with permission). fig ft0 fig mode=article f1 fig/graphic|fig/alternatives/graphic mode="anchored" m1 Open in a separate window Fig. 13 caption a7 CD39 labeled flat choroids shows the pattern of the developing CC in embryonic and fetal human eyes. (A) CD39 + cells are organized into blood island-like structures (circle) at 5.5 WG. (B) Highly cellular linear cord-like structures without apparent lumen have formed at 9 WG (double arrows). (C) The capillaries are narrower, lumens have formed, and cellularity has decreased markedly at 12 WG. (Scale bar = 10 μm) ( from McLeod and Lutty, Chapter 104, page 1506 in The New Visual Neurosciences, Ed.

Techniques: Labeling

Journal: Progress in retinal and eye research

Article Title: Development of the hyaloid, choroidal and retinal vasculatures in the fetal human eye

doi: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2017.10.001

Figure Lengend Snippet: CD31/Hb-ε double positive cells in developing choroid. (A–D) Clusters of CD31+/Hb-ε+ (red/green) (arrows) were visible in the choriocapillaris layer at 6 WG, whereas in the choroidal stroma had isolated cells (double arrow) that were also double positive. (E–H) There were isolated cells (arrows) that were CD31/Hb-ε positive at 7 WG, which appeared to be attached to the choriocapillaris. Some of these cells were deep in the choroid, resembling those found at 6 WG. Having both CD31/Hb-ε positive in the same cells gives them characteristics of hematopoietic and endothelial cells. B and F are merged images of the single color images C, D and G, H, respectively. A and E are images showing nuclear counter staining with DAPI (blue) merged with B and F, respectively. (Scale bar = 10 μm) (Fig. 4 from Hasegawa et al., Developmental Dynamics 236:2093Fig. 4 from Hasegawa et al., Developmental Dynamics 236:2007, with permission).

Article Snippet: A and C are merged B and D with DAPI nuclear counterstaining (blue). (Bar = 10 μm) ( from Hasegawa et al., Developmental Dynamics 236:2096 from Hasegawa et al., Developmental Dynamics 236:2007, with permission). fig ft0 fig mode=article f1 fig/graphic|fig/alternatives/graphic mode="anchored" m1 Open in a separate window Fig. 13 caption a7 CD39 labeled flat choroids shows the pattern of the developing CC in embryonic and fetal human eyes. (A) CD39 + cells are organized into blood island-like structures (circle) at 5.5 WG. (B) Highly cellular linear cord-like structures without apparent lumen have formed at 9 WG (double arrows). (C) The capillaries are narrower, lumens have formed, and cellularity has decreased markedly at 12 WG. (Scale bar = 10 μm) ( from McLeod and Lutty, Chapter 104, page 1506 in The New Visual Neurosciences, Ed.

Techniques: Isolation, Staining

Journal: Progress in retinal and eye research

Article Title: Development of the hyaloid, choroidal and retinal vasculatures in the fetal human eye

doi: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2017.10.001

Figure Lengend Snippet: CD34/Ki67 staining of fetal choroid. There are no CD34 (red) and Ki67 (green) double stained cells at 6 WG (A, B), while CD34/Ki67 double positive cells (arrow) were observed in a forming intermediate vessel at 12 WG (C, D). B and D are merged images of CD34 (Red) and Ki67 (Green). A and C are merged B and D with DAPI nuclear counterstaining (blue). (Bar = 10 μm) (Fig. 8 from Hasegawa et al., Developmental Dynamics 236:2096Fig. 8 from Hasegawa et al., Developmental Dynamics 236:2007, with permission).

Article Snippet: A and C are merged B and D with DAPI nuclear counterstaining (blue). (Bar = 10 μm) ( from Hasegawa et al., Developmental Dynamics 236:2096 from Hasegawa et al., Developmental Dynamics 236:2007, with permission). fig ft0 fig mode=article f1 fig/graphic|fig/alternatives/graphic mode="anchored" m1 Open in a separate window Fig. 13 caption a7 CD39 labeled flat choroids shows the pattern of the developing CC in embryonic and fetal human eyes. (A) CD39 + cells are organized into blood island-like structures (circle) at 5.5 WG. (B) Highly cellular linear cord-like structures without apparent lumen have formed at 9 WG (double arrows). (C) The capillaries are narrower, lumens have formed, and cellularity has decreased markedly at 12 WG. (Scale bar = 10 μm) ( from McLeod and Lutty, Chapter 104, page 1506 in The New Visual Neurosciences, Ed.

Techniques: Staining

Journal: Progress in retinal and eye research

Article Title: Development of the hyaloid, choroidal and retinal vasculatures in the fetal human eye

doi: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2017.10.001

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cryosection of a 7 WG eye immunolabeled with anti-CD39 (red) and anti-CXCR4 (green) and counterstained with DAPI (blue). The fetal vasculature in vitreous and the CC prominently express CD39 as well as angioblasts in inner retina. The inner neuroblastic layer cells, as well as some cells in inner retina, express CXCR4. Scale bar = 50 μm.

Article Snippet: A and C are merged B and D with DAPI nuclear counterstaining (blue). (Bar = 10 μm) ( from Hasegawa et al., Developmental Dynamics 236:2096 from Hasegawa et al., Developmental Dynamics 236:2007, with permission). fig ft0 fig mode=article f1 fig/graphic|fig/alternatives/graphic mode="anchored" m1 Open in a separate window Fig. 13 caption a7 CD39 labeled flat choroids shows the pattern of the developing CC in embryonic and fetal human eyes. (A) CD39 + cells are organized into blood island-like structures (circle) at 5.5 WG. (B) Highly cellular linear cord-like structures without apparent lumen have formed at 9 WG (double arrows). (C) The capillaries are narrower, lumens have formed, and cellularity has decreased markedly at 12 WG. (Scale bar = 10 μm) ( from McLeod and Lutty, Chapter 104, page 1506 in The New Visual Neurosciences, Ed.

Techniques: Immunolabeling

Journal: Progress in retinal and eye research

Article Title: Development of the hyaloid, choroidal and retinal vasculatures in the fetal human eye

doi: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2017.10.001

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cryosections (A–D) and a whole mount retina (E–F) from 7 WG eyes. (A) Near the nerve head (NH), fusiform-shaped cells in the nerve fiber layer (NFL) were positive for both CXCR4 (green) and CD39 (red) (arrow in A–B). Inset shows the double-labeled cell indicated by the arrow in “A”–“B” at higher magnification. (DAPI counterstain showing the blue nuclei, red CD39 and green CXCR4 channels) (B) Same section without the DAPI channel shows CXCR4 immunostained cells the entire inner neuroblastic layer and some double-labeled cells in the nerve fiber layer express CXCR4. A few double-labeled cells are near the inner portion of the INL. (C) Same area in a serial section labeled for CXCR4 (green) and Ki67 (red). Only the outer neuroblastic layer is Ki67+. (D) Same section with the CXCR4 green channel turned off. (E) Retinal whole mount shows fusiform-shaped cells (arrows) near the optic nerve head (to the right and out of the field) that express both CD39 (red) and CXCR4 (green). (F) Same region as “E” with only the green CXCR4 channel shown. (A–D scale bar = 20 μm; E–F scale bar = 40 μm).

Article Snippet: A and C are merged B and D with DAPI nuclear counterstaining (blue). (Bar = 10 μm) ( from Hasegawa et al., Developmental Dynamics 236:2096 from Hasegawa et al., Developmental Dynamics 236:2007, with permission). fig ft0 fig mode=article f1 fig/graphic|fig/alternatives/graphic mode="anchored" m1 Open in a separate window Fig. 13 caption a7 CD39 labeled flat choroids shows the pattern of the developing CC in embryonic and fetal human eyes. (A) CD39 + cells are organized into blood island-like structures (circle) at 5.5 WG. (B) Highly cellular linear cord-like structures without apparent lumen have formed at 9 WG (double arrows). (C) The capillaries are narrower, lumens have formed, and cellularity has decreased markedly at 12 WG. (Scale bar = 10 μm) ( from McLeod and Lutty, Chapter 104, page 1506 in The New Visual Neurosciences, Ed.

Techniques: Labeling