Journal: PeerJ

Article Title: Icaritin protects SH-SY5Y cells transfected with TDP-43 by alleviating mitochondrial damage and oxidative stress

doi: 10.7717/peerj.11978

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) The MMP of SH-SY5Y cells was monitored with the fluorescent probe JC-1 (magnification: 100×, scale bar 100 µm). (B) Quantitative analysis of the MMP in the different groups. (C) Effects of ICT on ATP content in the model cells. The data are shown as the mean ± SD; n = 3 ( a P < 0.05 vs. the control group). (D) Influence of ICT on CytC expression in the model cells. The data are shown as the mean ± SD; n = 3 ( a P < 0.05 vs. the control group, b P < 0.05 vs. the TDP-43 group).

Article Snippet: The membrane was then incubated for 12 h at 4 °C with a GAPDH antibody (1:1000; Proteintech Group), TDP-43 antibody (1:1000; Proteintech Group), and CytC antibody (1:1000; Proteintech Group).

Techniques: Control, Expressing

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Rat Group IIA Secreted Phospholipase A 2 Binds to Cytochrome c Oxidase and Inhibits Its Activity: A Possible Episode in the Development of Alzheimer’s Disease

doi: 10.3390/ijms232012368

Figure Lengend Snippet: rGIIA or rGIIA(D49S) inhibits the enzyme activity of CCOX in isolated mitochondria. Mitochondria were isolated from PC12 cells and were incubated in either the absence (MT) or the presence of 1 μM rGIIA or 1 μM rGIIA(D49S). After the addition of the reduced cytochrome c (CytC red ), which is a CCOX substrate, the change in absorbance at 550 nm (A 550 ) (where CytC red has maximum absorption) was measured. ( A ) Representative absorbance spectra of the samples measured 10 min after the addition of CytC red in the range 530–576 nm. The inhibition of the CCOX enzymatic activity is indicated by retaining a high A 550 compared with the positive control (MT). In the presence of both rGIIA and rGIIA(D49S), the CCOX activity was significantly inhibited. ( B ) The relative CytC red oxidation rates were calculated as described in the Materials and Methods section. The results are presented as the means ± S.E.M. of at least three independent experiments and the statistical significance is indicated (*** p < 0.0001; and ns p > 0.05; one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post-hoc test).

Article Snippet: Following incubation, the solution containing CytC red was added to the final concentration of 22 µM and the decrease in absorbance at 550 nm (A 550 ) of the reaction mixture was recorded on a microplate reader (Tecan, Männedorf, Switzerland) for 10 min, the time in which the CytC red in the positive control was completely oxidized.

Techniques: Activity Assay, Isolation, Incubation, Inhibition, Positive Control