Journal: The Journal of Biological Chemistry

Article Title: Carboxypeptidase M Is a Positive Allosteric Modulator of the Kinin B1 Receptor *

doi: 10.1074/jbc.M113.520791

Figure Lengend Snippet: CPM enhances B1R binding of its agonist at low concentration in primary human endothelial cells. HLMVEC were pretreated with 5 ng/ml IL-1β and 200 units/ml IFN-γ for 16 h (“cytokine-treated”) and then incubated with 50 μm CT peptide or 500 ng/ml CPM monoclonal antibody for 90 min. CPM expression (A) and activity (B) were determined. Inhibition by MGTA (dl-2-mercaptomethyl-3-guanidinoethylthiopropanoic acid) was used as a positive control. C, cytokine-treated HLMVEC were then incubated with 50 μm CT peptide or 500 ng/ml CPM monoclonal antibody and 4 nm [3H]DAKD or 100 nm DAKD (4 nm [3H]DAKD+ 96 nm cold DAKD) for 90 min. Cells were washed, and specific binding was determined as described under “Experimental Procedures.” The data are expressed as % of control binding without CT-peptide or antibody. D and E, HLMVEC were transfected with specific CPM siRNA or nonspecific control (NC) siRNA using an Amaxa nucleofector. After 48 h cells were cytokine-treated as above, and CPM expression (D) and activity (E) were determined as well as the binding of B1R with its agonist, 4 nm [3H]DAKD or 100 nm DAKD (4 nm [3H]DAKD + 96 nm cold DAKD), for 90 min (F). The data in B, C, E, and F are expressed as the mean ± S.E. (n = 3). * = p < 0.05 versus control (Student's t test). The data in A and D are representative of three experiments.

Article Snippet: D and E , HLMVEC were transfected with specific CPM siRNA or nonspecific control ( NC ) siRNA using an Amaxa nucleofector.

Techniques: Binding Assay, Concentration Assay, Incubation, Expressing, Activity Assay, Inhibition, Positive Control, Transfection

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Profilin 1 Induces Tumor Metastasis by Promoting Microvesicle Secretion Through the ROCK 1/p-MLC Pathway in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.890891

Figure Lengend Snippet: PFN1 is correlated with NSCLC metastasis and could promote NSCLC cell migration in vitro . (A) Representative IHC images of PFN1 expression on the NSCLC tissues. (B) The staining index of PFN1 on the tissue chip. ** p < 0.01. (C) Representative IHC images of PFN1 expression on the tissue chip. (D) The expression of PFN1 in TCGA LUAD data. ** p < 0.01. (E) The Kaplan–Meier survival analysis of PFN1 in NSCLC patients. (Data source: TCGA LUAD dataset) (F,G) Wound healing assays conducted to evaluate the migration ability of PFN1 -overexpressing (F) and PFN1 knockdown (KD) (G) H1299 cells. ** p < 0.01; scale bar, 500 μm. (H,I) Transwell migration assays conducted to evaluate the migration of PFN1 -overexpressing (H) and PFN1 KD (I) H1299 cells. ** p < 0.01; scale bar, 500 μm. EV, empty vector; OE, PFN1 overexpression; NC, negative control; si-1/ 2, PFN1 siRNA1 1/2.

Article Snippet: PFN1 siRNA and control scramble siRNA were synthesized by Guangzhou RiboBio Co. (Guangzhou, China), and the sequences are listed in .

Techniques: Migration, In Vitro, Expressing, Staining, Knockdown, Plasmid Preparation, Over Expression, Negative Control

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Profilin 1 Induces Tumor Metastasis by Promoting Microvesicle Secretion Through the ROCK 1/p-MLC Pathway in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.890891

Figure Lengend Snippet: PFN1 could promote MVs secretion in NSCLC. (A) Heatmap of differentially expressed proteins between EV and PFN1 OE cells. (B) GO enrichment analysis of differentially expressed proteins. (C) COG/KOG analysis of differentially expressed proteins. (D) MVs extracted from EV-expressing and PFN1 -overexpressing cells, using continuous differential centrifugation, identified using transmission electron microscopy. Scale bar, 100 nm. (E,F) Flow cytometry (E) and western blotting (F) were used to quantify MVs in PFN1 -overexpressing and EV-expressing cells. ARF6 and actin were used as MV markers. (G) Expression of PFN1 and annexin A1 in lung tumor tissues detected using immunofluorescence. (H) The staining index of p-MLC on the tissue chip. ** p < 0.01. (I) Representative IHC images of p-MLC expression. (J) Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to assess the relationship between PFN1 and p-MLC expression on the tissue chip; p and r values are shown in the plot.

Article Snippet: PFN1 siRNA and control scramble siRNA were synthesized by Guangzhou RiboBio Co. (Guangzhou, China), and the sequences are listed in .

Techniques: Expressing, Centrifugation, Transmission Assay, Electron Microscopy, Flow Cytometry, Western Blot, Immunofluorescence, Staining

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Profilin 1 Induces Tumor Metastasis by Promoting Microvesicle Secretion Through the ROCK 1/p-MLC Pathway in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.890891

Figure Lengend Snippet: MVs derived from PFN1 OE cells promote migration in NSCLC cells. (A) MVs collected from sera of patients with NSCLC quantified using flow cytometry. ** p < 0.01. (B) Protein expression of ARF6 and β-actin in MVs collected from sera of patients with NSCLC detected using western blotting. (C) Effect of PFN1 -overexpressing cell supernatants on cell migration evaluated through wound healing assays. ** p < 0.01; scale bar, 500 μm. (D) PKH67-labeled MVs taken up by H1299 cells. DAPI was used to stain the nuclei of H1299 cells. Scale bar, 500 μm. (E,F) Wound healing (E) and Transwell migration (F) assays conducted to evaluate the migration of H1299 cells after treatment with MVs derived from EV-expressing and PFN1 -overexpressing cells; ** p < 0.01; scale bar, 500 μm.

Article Snippet: PFN1 siRNA and control scramble siRNA were synthesized by Guangzhou RiboBio Co. (Guangzhou, China), and the sequences are listed in .

Techniques: Derivative Assay, Migration, Flow Cytometry, Expressing, Western Blot, Labeling, Staining

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Profilin 1 Induces Tumor Metastasis by Promoting Microvesicle Secretion Through the ROCK 1/p-MLC Pathway in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.890891

Figure Lengend Snippet: PFN1 promotes in vivo NSCLC metastasis by elevating MV secretion. (A) Schematic illustration of the mouse model of metastatic tumor established to determine the role of PFN1 in tumor metastasis. (B) Body weight changes in mice after intracardiac injection of PFN1 -overexpressing and EV-expressing cell lines. (C,D) Representative images of lung (C) and liver (D) metastases of the mouse model. The number of metastases is displayed in the right-hand side graph. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01. (E) Representative images of HE-stained lung tissues of the mouse model. (F) Representative IHC images of PFN1 and p-MLC expression in lung tissues. The staining index is shown in the right-hand side graph. ** p < 0.01. (G) Representative images of HE-stained liver tissues of the mouse model. (H) Representative IHC images of PFN1 and p-MLC expression in liver tissues. The staining index is shown in the right-hand side graph. ** p < 0.01. (I) Body weight changes in mice after intracardiac injection of H1299 cells and MVs. (J) Representative images of lung metastases of the mouse model. The number of metastases is shown in the bottom graph. * p < 0.05. (K) Representative images of HE-stained lung tissues of the mouse model. (L) Representative IHC images of PFN1 and p-MLC expression in lung tissues. The staining index is shown in the right-hand side graph; * p < 0.05.

Article Snippet: PFN1 siRNA and control scramble siRNA were synthesized by Guangzhou RiboBio Co. (Guangzhou, China), and the sequences are listed in .

Techniques: In Vivo, Injection, Expressing, Staining

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Profilin 1 Induces Tumor Metastasis by Promoting Microvesicle Secretion Through the ROCK 1/p-MLC Pathway in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.890891

Figure Lengend Snippet: Mechanisms underlying the promotion of MLC phosphorylation by PFN1. (A,B) Protein expression after PFN1 overexpression (A) and knockdown (B) measured using western blotting. (C) Protein expression in PFN1 mutants measured using western blotting. (D) PFN1 interactions with ROCK1/2 confirmed using co-IP. (E) Protein expression after treatment with Y27632 (10 µM) measured using western blotting. (F) Effect of PFN1 on ROCK1 activity. ** p < 0.01. (G) Effect of PFN1 on ROCK2 activity. (H) Flow cytometry measuring changes in the amount of MVs after treatment with Y27632; * p < 0.05.

Article Snippet: PFN1 siRNA and control scramble siRNA were synthesized by Guangzhou RiboBio Co. (Guangzhou, China), and the sequences are listed in .

Techniques: Phospho-proteomics, Expressing, Over Expression, Knockdown, Western Blot, Co-Immunoprecipitation Assay, Activity Assay, Flow Cytometry

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Profilin 1 Induces Tumor Metastasis by Promoting Microvesicle Secretion Through the ROCK 1/p-MLC Pathway in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.890891

Figure Lengend Snippet: ROCK1 inhibitor Y27632 partially reversed the promotion of lung cancer metastasis by PFN1 in vitro and in vivo . (A,B) Wound healing assays conducted to evaluate the effect of Y27632 (A) and Y27632 combined with MVs (B) on cell migration. ** p < 0.01; scale bar, 500 μm. (C) Transwell migration assays conducted to evaluate the effect of Y27632 and Y27632 combined with MVs on cell migration. ** p < 0.01; scale bar, 500 μm. (D) Schematic diagram of the mouse model of metastatic tumor established to determine the effect of Y27632 on PFN1-induced lung cancer metastasis. (E) Body weight changes in mice after intracardiac injection of PFN1 -overexpressing H1299 cells and intraperitoneal injection of Y27632 (10 mg/kg). (F) Representative images of lung and liver metastatic tissue in mice. The number of metastatic nodules is shown in the right-hand side graph. * p < 0.05. (G,H) Representative images of HE-stained lung (G) and liver (H) metastases. (I) Representative IHC images of PFN1 and p-MLC expression in lung tissues. The staining index is shown in the right-hand side graph. ** p < 0.01. (J) Representative IHC images of PFN1 and p-MLC expression in liver tissues. The staining index is shown in the right-hand side graph; ** p < 0.01.

Article Snippet: PFN1 siRNA and control scramble siRNA were synthesized by Guangzhou RiboBio Co. (Guangzhou, China), and the sequences are listed in .

Techniques: In Vitro, In Vivo, Migration, Injection, Staining, Expressing

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Profilin 1 Induces Tumor Metastasis by Promoting Microvesicle Secretion Through the ROCK 1/p-MLC Pathway in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.890891

Figure Lengend Snippet: Schematic diagram of the role of PFN1 in NSCLC metastasis. In the initiation stage of NSCLC, cells with upregulated PFN1 secret more MVs through PFN1 interactions with the ROCK/p-MLC pathway. These MVs contain numerous oncogenenic moleculars, which could enhance migration abilities of PFN1 normal expressed NSCLC cells, and untimately promote progression and metastasis of NSCLC.

Article Snippet: PFN1 siRNA and control scramble siRNA were synthesized by Guangzhou RiboBio Co. (Guangzhou, China), and the sequences are listed in .

Techniques: Migration

Journal: Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences

Article Title: miR-92a promotes hepatocellular carcinoma cells proliferation and invasion by FOXA2 targeting

doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2017.9010

Figure Lengend Snippet: Validation of FOXA2 as a direct target of miR-92a A) Schematic description of FOXA2 wild-type (WT) and FOXA2 mutant (Mut) 3’-UTR, which indicating the interactions between the FOXA2 3’-UTR binding site and miR-92a. B) HepG2 cells were co-transfected with luciferase gene driven WT or Mut UTR of FOXA2 and miR-92a or control mimics. The luciferase activity was examined 48 hr post-transfection. The normalized luciferase activity in the control group was used as a control. Each bar represented the mean±SD of triplicate experiments. * P <0.05, ** P <0.01. C) The luciferase activity assay was performed in Huh7 cells. D) Western blot was used to measure the expression of FOXA2 in HepG2 cells transfected with miR-92a or the control mimics; experiments were performed in triplicate, and GAPDH was used as an internal control. E) The expression level of FOXA2 was measured in Huh7 cells transfected with miR-92a or the control mimics

Article Snippet: Small interfering RNA (siRNA) sequence targeting human Foxa2 cDNA was synthesized from GenePharma in the RNA interference assay (Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Biomarker Discovery, Mutagenesis, Binding Assay, Transfection, Luciferase, Control, Activity Assay, Western Blot, Expressing

Journal: Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences

Article Title: miR-92a promotes hepatocellular carcinoma cells proliferation and invasion by FOXA2 targeting

doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2017.9010

Figure Lengend Snippet: MiR-92a induces HCC proliferation and invasion through the inhibition of FOXA2 expression A) HepG2 cells or Huh7 cells were transfected with FOXA2 plasmid, and the relative level of FOXA2 was examined by qRT-PCR. Each bar represented the mean±SD ** P <0.01. B) HepG2 cells were co-transfected with miR-92a and a pcDNA3.1-FOXA2 overexpression plasmid, or control mimics, or miR-92a and pcDNA3.1, or pcDNA3.1-FOXA2. MTT assay was performed in triplicate experiments. * P <0.05. C) MTT assay was performed in Huh7 cells. * P <0.05. D) HepG2 cells were co-transfected with miR-92a and a pcDNA3.1-FOXA2 overexpression plasmid, or control mimics, or miR-92a and pcDNA3.1, or pcDNA3.1-FOXA2, transwell assay was performed, relative statistically analyses were represented. E) The above transwell assay was performed in Huh7 cells

Article Snippet: Small interfering RNA (siRNA) sequence targeting human Foxa2 cDNA was synthesized from GenePharma in the RNA interference assay (Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Inhibition, Expressing, Transfection, Plasmid Preparation, Quantitative RT-PCR, Over Expression, Control, MTT Assay, Transwell Assay

Journal: Cell Death & Disease

Article Title: HOXA-AS2 contributes to regulatory T cell proliferation and immune tolerance in glioma through the miR-302a/KDM2A/JAG1 axis

doi: 10.1038/s41419-021-04471-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: A A heat map of the expression of the top 10 differential genes in the GSE15824 dataset. B The expression of lncRNA HOXA-AS2 in glioma and normal samples in TCGA database. C LncRNA HOXA-AS2 expression in tumor tissues from glioma patients ( N = 40) and normal brain tissues ( N = 10) determined by RT-qPCR. D Correlation analysis between the lncRNA HOXA-AS2 expression and overall survival rates of patients with glioma using the Kaplan–Meier method. E LncRNA HOXA-AS2 expression in glioma cell lines U373-MAGI, LN229, A172, and T98G, and Heb cells determined by RT-qPCR. * p < 0.05. Data were shown as the mean ± standard deviation. Statistical comparisons were performed using unpaired t -test when only two groups were compared or by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test when more than two groups were compared. Cell experiments were repeated three times.

Article Snippet: The vector used for shRNAs was pLVshRNA-EGFP(2A)puro, and the overexpression vector was pLVX-puro (RiboBio, Guangdong, China). sh-HOXA-AS2-1, sh-HOXA-AS2-2, oe-HOXA-AS2, miR-302a mimic, miR-302a inhibitor, oe-KDM2A, si-KDMA2A, si-KDMA2A-2, and oe-JAG1 were all purchased from RiboBio.

Techniques: Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Standard Deviation

Journal: Cell Death & Disease

Article Title: HOXA-AS2 contributes to regulatory T cell proliferation and immune tolerance in glioma through the miR-302a/KDM2A/JAG1 axis

doi: 10.1038/s41419-021-04471-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: A IHC analysis of CD4, Foxp3, and T-bet proteins in glioma tissues ( N = 40) and normal brain tissues ( N = 10). B Quantitative analysis of ( A ). C LncRNA HOXA-AS2 silencing efficiency in LN229 and A172 cells determined by RT-qPCR. D Representative images of resected tumors from BALB/c mice injected with the LN229 and A172 cells stably infected with lentivirus harboring sh-NC or sh-lncRNA HOXA-AS2 ( n = 8). E Measurement of tumor volume of BALB/c mice following treatment with sh-lncRNA HOXA-AS2 ( n = 8). F Measurement of tumor weight of BALB/c mice following treatment with sh-lncRNA HOXA-AS2 ( n = 8). G IL-10, TGF-β, IFN-γ, and TNF-α levels in spleen tissues of BALB/c mice following treatment with sh-lncRNA HOXA-AS2 detected by ELISA. H Ratio of CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + cells in tumor tissues of BALB/c mice following treatment with sh-lncRNA HOXA-AS analyzed by flow cytometry. * p < 0.05. Data were shown as the mean ± standard deviation. Statistical comparisons were performed using unpaired t -test when only two groups were compared or by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test when more than two groups were compared. Data at different time points were compared by repeated measures ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc test. Cell experiments were repeated three times.

Article Snippet: The vector used for shRNAs was pLVshRNA-EGFP(2A)puro, and the overexpression vector was pLVX-puro (RiboBio, Guangdong, China). sh-HOXA-AS2-1, sh-HOXA-AS2-2, oe-HOXA-AS2, miR-302a mimic, miR-302a inhibitor, oe-KDM2A, si-KDMA2A, si-KDMA2A-2, and oe-JAG1 were all purchased from RiboBio.

Techniques: Quantitative RT-PCR, Injection, Stable Transfection, Infection, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Flow Cytometry, Standard Deviation

Journal: Cell Death & Disease

Article Title: HOXA-AS2 contributes to regulatory T cell proliferation and immune tolerance in glioma through the miR-302a/KDM2A/JAG1 axis

doi: 10.1038/s41419-021-04471-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: A Binding sites of miR-302a on the 3′UTR of lncRNA HOXA-AS2 predicted by the DIANA TOOLS, RAID v2.0 and TargetScan databases. B miR-302a expression in tumor tissues of patients with glioma ( N = 40) and normal brain tissues ( N = 10) determined by RT-qPCR. C Correlation between miR-302a expression and lncRNA HOXA-AS2 expression in glioma tissues ( N = 40) analyzed by Pearson’s correlation coefficient. D miR-302a expression in 293 T cells transfected with miR-302a mimic determined by RT-qPCR. E, miR-302 binding to lncRNA HOXA-AS2 confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay in 293 T cells. F Binding sites of miR-302a on the 3′UTR of KDM2A mRNA predicted by the DIANA TOOLS, RAID v2.0 and TargetScan databases. G KDM2A expression in glioma tissues ( N = 40) and normal brain tissues ( N = 10) determined by RT-qPCR. H Correlation analysis between KDM2A expression and miR-302a expression in glioma tissues ( N = 40) analyzed by Pearson’s correlation coefficient. I miR-302a binding to KDM2A validated by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay in 293 T cells. J Enrichment of KDM2A and lncRNA HOXA-AS2 analyzed by RIP in 293 T cells. K Expression of lncRNA HOXA-AS2, miR-302a and KDM2A in 293 T cells transfected with sh-lncRNA HOXA-AS2 or combined with miR-302a inhibitor determined by RT-qPCR. * p < 0.05. Data were shown as the mean ± standard deviation. Statistical comparisons were performed using unpaired t -test when only two groups were compared or by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test when more than two groups were compared. Cell experiments were repeated three times.

Article Snippet: The vector used for shRNAs was pLVshRNA-EGFP(2A)puro, and the overexpression vector was pLVX-puro (RiboBio, Guangdong, China). sh-HOXA-AS2-1, sh-HOXA-AS2-2, oe-HOXA-AS2, miR-302a mimic, miR-302a inhibitor, oe-KDM2A, si-KDMA2A, si-KDMA2A-2, and oe-JAG1 were all purchased from RiboBio.

Techniques: Binding Assay, Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Transfection, Luciferase, Reporter Gene Assay, Standard Deviation

Journal: Cell Death & Disease

Article Title: HOXA-AS2 contributes to regulatory T cell proliferation and immune tolerance in glioma through the miR-302a/KDM2A/JAG1 axis

doi: 10.1038/s41419-021-04471-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: LN229 and A172 cells were treated with sh-NC + oe-NC, sh-lncRNA HOXA-AS2 + oe-NC, sh-lncRNA HOXA-AS2 + oe-KDM2A, and sh-lncRNA HOXA-AS2 + miR-302a inhibitor. A KDM2A expression in LN229 and A172 cells determined by RT-qPCR. B Western blot analysis of KDM2A protein in LN229 and A172 cells. C LN229 and A172 cell proliferation detected by CCK-8 assay. D Ratio of CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + cells in CD4 + cells co-cultured with LN229 and A172 cells analyzed by flow cytometry. E IL-10, TGF-β, IFN-γ, and TNF-α levels in the LN229 and A172 cell supernatant determined by ELISA. * p < 0.05. Data were shown as the mean ± standard deviation from. Statistical comparisons were performed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test when more than two groups were compared. Variables were analyzed at different time points using two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc test. Cell experiments were repeated three times.

Article Snippet: The vector used for shRNAs was pLVshRNA-EGFP(2A)puro, and the overexpression vector was pLVX-puro (RiboBio, Guangdong, China). sh-HOXA-AS2-1, sh-HOXA-AS2-2, oe-HOXA-AS2, miR-302a mimic, miR-302a inhibitor, oe-KDM2A, si-KDMA2A, si-KDMA2A-2, and oe-JAG1 were all purchased from RiboBio.

Techniques: Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Western Blot, CCK-8 Assay, Cell Culture, Flow Cytometry, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Standard Deviation

Journal: Cell Death & Disease

Article Title: HOXA-AS2 contributes to regulatory T cell proliferation and immune tolerance in glioma through the miR-302a/KDM2A/JAG1 axis

doi: 10.1038/s41419-021-04471-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: BALB/c mice were injected with LN229 cell suspension stably infected with lentivirus harboring sh-NC + oe-NC, sh-lncRNA HOXA-AS2 + oe-NC or sh-lncRNA HOXA-AS2 + oe-JAG1. A LncRNA HOXA-AS2, KDM2A, JAG1, and miR-302a expression in tumor tissues of BALB/c mice determined by RT-qPCR. B KDM2A and JAG1 expression in tumor tissues of BALB/c mice determined by IHC. C Measurement of tumor volume and weight of BALB/c mice. D Ratio of CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + cells in tumor tissues of BALB/c mice analyzed by flow cytometry. E IL-10, TGF-β, IFN-γ, and TNF-α levels in the BALB/c mouse spleen tissues determined by ELISA. F The tumor volume and weight of BALB/c mice and nude mice. WT indicates normal BALB/c mice and nude indicates immunocompromised nude mice. * p < 0.05. Data were shown as the mean ± standard deviation. Statistical comparisons were performed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test when more than two groups were compared. Variables were analyzed at different time points using Bonferroni-corrected repeated measures ANOVA. n = 8.

Article Snippet: The vector used for shRNAs was pLVshRNA-EGFP(2A)puro, and the overexpression vector was pLVX-puro (RiboBio, Guangdong, China). sh-HOXA-AS2-1, sh-HOXA-AS2-2, oe-HOXA-AS2, miR-302a mimic, miR-302a inhibitor, oe-KDM2A, si-KDMA2A, si-KDMA2A-2, and oe-JAG1 were all purchased from RiboBio.

Techniques: Injection, Stable Transfection, Infection, Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Flow Cytometry, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Standard Deviation

Journal: Cell Death & Disease

Article Title: HOXA-AS2 contributes to regulatory T cell proliferation and immune tolerance in glioma through the miR-302a/KDM2A/JAG1 axis

doi: 10.1038/s41419-021-04471-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: LncRNA HOXA-AS2 is abundantly expressed in glioma. It competitively binds to miR-302a and causes its downregulation, thus weakening its binding to KDM2A, the target gene of miR-302a. By this mechanism, the expression of KDM2A is enhanced, which promotes JAG1 promoter methylation, thus accelerating glioma cell and T reg cell proliferation and glioma cell immune tolerance, ultimately promoting the progression of glioma.

Article Snippet: The vector used for shRNAs was pLVshRNA-EGFP(2A)puro, and the overexpression vector was pLVX-puro (RiboBio, Guangdong, China). sh-HOXA-AS2-1, sh-HOXA-AS2-2, oe-HOXA-AS2, miR-302a mimic, miR-302a inhibitor, oe-KDM2A, si-KDMA2A, si-KDMA2A-2, and oe-JAG1 were all purchased from RiboBio.

Techniques: Binding Assay, Expressing, Methylation