Journal: Journal of Evidence-based Complementary & Alternative Medicine

Article Title: Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activities of the Essential Oil From Salvia mirzayanii Leaves

doi: 10.1177/2156587217717414

Figure Lengend Snippet: Antifungal Activity (MIC and MFC) of Essential Oil From Salvia mirzayanii.

Article Snippet: The antifungal activities of the essential oils against 15 standard strains of fungi, including Candida albicans (ATCC 5982, 1912, 562, 1905, 1949, 10261), Candida tropicalis (ATCC 750), Candida krusei (ATCC 6258), Candida glabrata (ATCC 863, 2192, 2175, 6144), Candida dubliniensis (CBS 8501, ATCC 8500), and Candida parapsilosis (ATCC 4344), were determined.

Techniques: Activity Assay

Journal: Journal of Evidence-based Complementary & Alternative Medicine

Article Title: Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activities of the Essential Oil From Salvia mirzayanii Leaves

doi: 10.1177/2156587217717414

Figure Lengend Snippet: Antifungal Activity of Essential Oil of Salvia mirzayanii against Azole-Sensitive and Azole-Resistant Candida .

Article Snippet: The antifungal activities of the essential oils against 15 standard strains of fungi, including Candida albicans (ATCC 5982, 1912, 562, 1905, 1949, 10261), Candida tropicalis (ATCC 750), Candida krusei (ATCC 6258), Candida glabrata (ATCC 863, 2192, 2175, 6144), Candida dubliniensis (CBS 8501, ATCC 8500), and Candida parapsilosis (ATCC 4344), were determined.

Techniques: Activity Assay

Journal: Antioxidants

Article Title: Role of Sulfide Quinone Oxidoreductase and Supersulfides in Hepatic Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury in Mice

doi: 10.3390/antiox15010094

Figure Lengend Snippet: Liver function and histological changes and level of sulfide quinone oxidoreductase (SQOR) in hepatic ischemia–reperfusion injury in mice. ( a ) Flowchart of the experimental protocols. ( b ) The levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) 4 h after reperfusion in mice. ( c ) Representative images of hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining 4 h after reperfusion in mice. The scale bars are 50 μm in H&E images. ( d ) Upper part of the figure shows representative Western blotting images of cystathionine β-synthase (CBS), cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE), sulfide quinone oxidoreductase (SQOR), ethylmalonic encephalopathy 1 (ETHE1), thiosulfate sulfurtransferase (TST), and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) protein levels in liver extracts from sham and IRI mice. Lower part of the figure shows differences in CBS/GAPDH, CSE/GAPDH, SQOR/GAPDH, ETHE1/GAPDH, and TST/GAPDH in each group. The data are presented as n = 6 per group. Significant differences between groups were determined using one-way analysis of variance. Data are expressed as the means ± standard deviations, **** p < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: After transfer, the membranes were blocked with Every blocking buffer (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc.) and immunoblotted with one of the primary antibodies at 4 °C overnight: mouse anti-GAPDH antibody (1:1000; Cell Signaling Technology, Inc., Danvers, MA, USA, Cat# 5174), mouse anti-CSE antibody (1:1000; Cell Signaling Technology, Cat#19689), mouse anti-CBS antibody (1:1000; Cell Signaling Technology, Cat# 14782S), mouse anti-SQOR antibody (1:500; Cell Signaling Technology, Cat#17256-1-AP), mouse anti-TST antibody (1:1000; Gene Tex Company, Cat# GTX114858), and mouse anti-ETHE1 antibody (1:1000; Proteintech Group, Inc., Cat# 27786-1AP).

Techniques: Staining, Western Blot

Journal: Antioxidants

Article Title: Role of Sulfide Quinone Oxidoreductase and Supersulfides in Hepatic Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury in Mice

doi: 10.3390/antiox15010094

Figure Lengend Snippet: Relative protein levels of cystathionine β-synthase (CBS), cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE), ethylmalonic encephalopathy 1 (ETHE1), and thiosulfate sulfurtransferase (TST) in the livers of AAV-control and AAV-shSQOR and AAV-shSQOR+Na 2 S 3 mice. Representative Western blotting images of CBS, CSE, ETHE1, TST, and GAPDH protein levels in liver extracts from each group of mice and differences in CBS/GAPDH, CSE/GAPDH, ETHE1/GAPDH, and TST/GAPDH in each group. The data are presented as n = 6 per group. Significant differences between groups were determined using one-way analysis of variance. Data are expressed as the means ± standard deviations, * p < 0.05, *** p < 0.001, and **** p < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: After transfer, the membranes were blocked with Every blocking buffer (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc.) and immunoblotted with one of the primary antibodies at 4 °C overnight: mouse anti-GAPDH antibody (1:1000; Cell Signaling Technology, Inc., Danvers, MA, USA, Cat# 5174), mouse anti-CSE antibody (1:1000; Cell Signaling Technology, Cat#19689), mouse anti-CBS antibody (1:1000; Cell Signaling Technology, Cat# 14782S), mouse anti-SQOR antibody (1:500; Cell Signaling Technology, Cat#17256-1-AP), mouse anti-TST antibody (1:1000; Gene Tex Company, Cat# GTX114858), and mouse anti-ETHE1 antibody (1:1000; Proteintech Group, Inc., Cat# 27786-1AP).

Techniques: Control, Western Blot

Journal: Pathophysiology

Article Title: Altered Production and Cellular Levels of Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) in Placental Trophoblasts from Pregnancies Affected by Pre-Eclampsia

doi: 10.3390/pathophysiology32010010

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 2. Expression of CBS, CSE, and 3-MST, as determined by immunostaining in placental villous tis- sue. (A) Representative CBS, CSE, and 3-MST expression, detected by immunostaining from normal and pre-eclamptic cases. In the normal group, both CBS and CSE were detected in the syncytiotrophoblast layer (double arrow). CBS, but not CSE, was also detected in the villous core fetal vessel endothelium (solid arrowhead). Expression of CBS and CSE were markedly reduced in syncytiotrophoblasts in pre-eclamptic cases (Figure 2A(b,d)) compared to controls. Expression of 3-MST was undetectable in placental specimens from both normal and pre-eclamptic cases (Figure 2A(e,f)). Bar = 50 µm. (B) Repre- sentative CBS, CSE, and 3-MST expression in the first, second, and third trimester placental specimens. Both CBS and CSE are strongly expressed in cyto- and syncytio-trophoblasts in the first, second, and third trimester placentas. CBS: a, b, and c; CSE: d, e, and f, respectively. Expression of 3-MST was detected in the first (g) and the second (h) trimester placentas, but not in the third/term (i) placentas. Bar = 50 µm.

Article Snippet: Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM, D5523), Percoll (P1644), Hanks balanced salt solution (HBSS, H4891), Monobrombimane (MBB, B4380), and antibody against β-actin (A2066) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA); Trypsin (LS003703) and Deoxyribonuclease (LS002139) were purchased from Worthington Biochemical Corporation (Lakewood, NJ, USA); fetal bovine serum (FBS) was from Atlantic Biologicals (Flowery Branch, GA, USA); Antibodies against CBS (12217-1-AP) and CSE (14787-1-AP) were purchased from Proteintech (Rosemont, IL, USA); and antibody against 3-MST (AB224043) was from Abcam (Waltham, MA, USA).

Techniques: Expressing, Immunostaining

Journal: Pathophysiology

Article Title: Altered Production and Cellular Levels of Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) in Placental Trophoblasts from Pregnancies Affected by Pre-Eclampsia

doi: 10.3390/pathophysiology32010010

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 3. Trophoblast CBS and CSE protein expression by Western blot. Consistent with immunos- taining results, the levels of CBS and CSE protein expression were also significantly reduced in trophoblasts from pre-eclamptic (PE, n = 6) compared to those from normal (n = 7) cases. The bar graphs show relative protein expression of CBS and CSE after normalization with β-actin expression for each sample, * p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01: PE vs. normal, respectively.

Article Snippet: Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM, D5523), Percoll (P1644), Hanks balanced salt solution (HBSS, H4891), Monobrombimane (MBB, B4380), and antibody against β-actin (A2066) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA); Trypsin (LS003703) and Deoxyribonuclease (LS002139) were purchased from Worthington Biochemical Corporation (Lakewood, NJ, USA); fetal bovine serum (FBS) was from Atlantic Biologicals (Flowery Branch, GA, USA); Antibodies against CBS (12217-1-AP) and CSE (14787-1-AP) were purchased from Proteintech (Rosemont, IL, USA); and antibody against 3-MST (AB224043) was from Abcam (Waltham, MA, USA).

Techniques: Expressing, Western Blot

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Serotonin and Dopamine Protect from Hypothermia/Rewarming Damage through the CBS/ H 2 S Pathway

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0022568

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A and B ) Immunostaining demonstrating the expression of CBS in DDT-1 (A) and SMAC (B). Magnification 80×. ( C ) Downregulation of CBS by siRNA precludes protection of SMAC from hypothermic cell death by serotonin (30 µM), dopamine (20 µM) and PLP (50 µM). NaHS protects cells against hypothermia even in the presence of AOAA (1 mM) an inhibitor of CBS. The hypothermia protocol consisted of 24 h at 3°C for, followed by rewarming to 37°C for 3 h. Cell survival was assessed by adding MTS to the cells upon rewarming and spectrophotometrical formazon measurement. Inset: Silencing RNA substantially decreases the expression of CBS in SMAC cells. con: untreated cells, mock: negative control siRNA. ( D ) The increase in production of H 2 S as measured in cell medium of hypothermic cells (24 h at 3°C) treated with serotonin (30 µM) or dopamine (20 µM) was abrogated by pretreatment of the cells with the inhibitor of CBS, amino-oxyacetic acid (+AOAA, 1 mM, 15 min at 37°C+24 hr at 3°C ). ( E ) Treatment with serotonin (30 µM, 15 min at 37°C+24 hr at 3°C )) upregulates CBS expression, which is prevented by pretreatment with rapamycin (rap, 30 nM, 15 min at 37°C+24 hr at 3°C). Inset: western blot with time points as indicated. ( F ) Cooling SMAC induces the production of ROS in cells which is reduced by dopamine and serotonin treatment and aggravated by CBS siRNA transfection. ROS formation is measured by the level of Fluorescin fluorescence in SMAC in dopamine and serotonin treated cells compared to controls at 3°C and 37°C individually. Experiments consist of n≥3. Means ± SEM. # indicates significant difference to untreated control and * indicates significant difference to control within each treatment group.

Article Snippet: The expression of CBS in SMAC was reduced by applying a predesigned siRNA (sc-60336, Santa Cruz) and compared to a silencer negative control (Ambion, AM4644).

Techniques: Immunostaining, Expressing, Negative Control, Western Blot, Transfection, Fluorescence, Control

Journal: Plant Science Today

Article Title: Exploring the in vitro antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer potentials of Spinifex littoreus Burm f. Merr. against human cervical cancer

doi: 10.14719/pst.3011

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 2. Antifungal activity of SL-CH extract and Amphotericin-B as control showed by a zone of inhibition against (i) Cryptococcus neoformans, (ii) Aspergillus fumigatus, (iii) Sporothrix schenckii, (iv) Aspergillus niger. The results were shown as independent experiments in triplicates.

Article Snippet: The bacterial strains of Escherichia coli (MTCC 443), Propionibacterium acnes (MTCC 1951), Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC 902), Aeromonas hydrophila (MTCC 12301), Streptococcus faecalis (MTCC-439), Bacteroids fragilis (ATCC 25285) and the fungal strains of Cryptococcus neoformans (ATCC 32045), Aspergillus fumigatus (MTCC 343), Aspergillus niger (MTCC 281), Sporothrix schenckii (ATCC 26327) were purchased from Microbial Type Culture Collection, Chandigarh, India.

Techniques: Activity Assay, Control, Inhibition