Journal: Addiction biology

Article Title: Optogenetic brain-stimulation reward: A new procedure to re-evaluate the rewarding versus aversive effects of cannabinoids in dopamine transporter-Cre mice.

doi: 10.1111/adb.13005

Figure Lengend Snippet: FIGURE 6 CB2R-immunostaining in different phenotypes of neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), illustrating CB2R-immunostaining in VTA TH-positive DA neurons A, but not in VTA vGluT2-positive glutamate neurons B or GAD67-positive GABA neurons C. BL, baseline responding in the absence of drug treatment

Article Snippet: Dual-labeling IHC was performed using a CB2R antibody (Alomone, #ACR-002, 1:250) and an anti-tyrosine hydroxylase (anti-TH) monoclonal antibody (1:500; Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA).

Techniques: Immunostaining

Journal: Addiction biology

Article Title: Optogenetic brain-stimulation reward: A new procedure to re-evaluate the rewarding versus aversive effects of cannabinoids in dopamine transporter-Cre mice.

doi: 10.1111/adb.13005

Figure Lengend Snippet: FIGURE 7 Diagram summarizing CB1R and CB2R expression in VTA dopaminergic (DA), glutamatergic, and GABAergic neurons. Cannabinoids may bind to CB1R in GABAergic neurons, producing rewarding or reward-enhancing effects. Conversely, cannabinoids may also bind to CB1R on VTA glutamate neurons or glutamatergic afferents, or to CB2R on DA neurons, producing aversive or reward-attenuating effects. The final subjective effect depends on the balance of both opposite actions. NAc, nucleus accumbens; oICSS, optogenetic intracranial self- stimulation; VTA, ventral tegmental area

Article Snippet: Dual-labeling IHC was performed using a CB2R antibody (Alomone, #ACR-002, 1:250) and an anti-tyrosine hydroxylase (anti-TH) monoclonal antibody (1:500; Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA).

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: Nanomaterials

Article Title: ZnO Nanoparticles Induce Dyslipidemia and Atherosclerotic Lesions Leading to Changes in Vascular Contractility and Cannabinoid Receptors Expression as Well as Increased Blood Pressure

doi: 10.3390/nano11092319

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of ZnONPs on aorta contractility. ( a ) Effect of ACPA (CB 1 receptor agonist) on contraction in aortic rings in different experimental groups. ( b ) Effect of HU308 (CB 2 receptor agonist) on contraction in aortic rings in different experimental groups. Blue bars correspond to the control non-treated group, green bars correspond to the ZnONPs treated-groups at different times; ( a ) there is a significant difference compared to the phenylephrine group with p < 0.05; ( b ) there is a significant difference compared to the control group with p < 0.05.

Article Snippet: Next, aorta sections were blocked (Animal-free blocker and diluent, Vector laboratories Inc., Burlingame, CA, USA) and incubated with rabbit polyclonal Anti-CB 1 (1:100, Alomone, Labs, Jerusalem, Israel) or rabbit polyclonal Anti-CB 2 (1:100, Alomone, Labs, Jerusalem, Israel) primary antibody and co-labeled with mouse monoclonal Anti-alpha smooth muscle Actin antibody (1:200, Abcam, Cambrige, UK) overnight.

Techniques:

Journal: Nanomaterials

Article Title: ZnO Nanoparticles Induce Dyslipidemia and Atherosclerotic Lesions Leading to Changes in Vascular Contractility and Cannabinoid Receptors Expression as Well as Increased Blood Pressure

doi: 10.3390/nano11092319

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of ZnONPs on the CB 1 and CB 2 receptors expression in the aorta wall. ( a ) CB 1 expression, ( b ) CB 2 expression. Blue bars correspond to the control non-treated group, green bars correspond to the ZnONPs treated-groups at different times; ( a ) there is a significant difference compared to the control group with p < 0.05.

Article Snippet: Next, aorta sections were blocked (Animal-free blocker and diluent, Vector laboratories Inc., Burlingame, CA, USA) and incubated with rabbit polyclonal Anti-CB 1 (1:100, Alomone, Labs, Jerusalem, Israel) or rabbit polyclonal Anti-CB 2 (1:100, Alomone, Labs, Jerusalem, Israel) primary antibody and co-labeled with mouse monoclonal Anti-alpha smooth muscle Actin antibody (1:200, Abcam, Cambrige, UK) overnight.

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: Nanomaterials

Article Title: ZnO Nanoparticles Induce Dyslipidemia and Atherosclerotic Lesions Leading to Changes in Vascular Contractility and Cannabinoid Receptors Expression as Well as Increased Blood Pressure

doi: 10.3390/nano11092319

Figure Lengend Snippet: Representative images showed ZnONPs effect on CB 1 and CB 2 receptors expression in aorta wall. Transmitted light images (grey). Scale bar corresponds to 50 μm. Smooth muscle α-actin was detected with a specific antibody labeled with Alexa Fluor 568 (red). CB 1 and CB 2 located on the aorta ring were detected by specific antibodies and labeled with FITC (green). Image overlap indicates a high degree of colocalization of CB 1 or CB 2, and smooth muscle α-actin (yellow). Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI dye (blue).

Article Snippet: Next, aorta sections were blocked (Animal-free blocker and diluent, Vector laboratories Inc., Burlingame, CA, USA) and incubated with rabbit polyclonal Anti-CB 1 (1:100, Alomone, Labs, Jerusalem, Israel) or rabbit polyclonal Anti-CB 2 (1:100, Alomone, Labs, Jerusalem, Israel) primary antibody and co-labeled with mouse monoclonal Anti-alpha smooth muscle Actin antibody (1:200, Abcam, Cambrige, UK) overnight.

Techniques: Expressing, Labeling

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Cannabinoid receptor type 2 agonist JWH-133 decreases cathepsin B secretion and neurotoxicity from HIV-infected macrophages

doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-03896-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: HIV-infected MDM keep expressing surface CB2R at day 12pi. MDM were labeled with a fluorescent CB2R monoclonal antibody (FL4 channel) conjugated with Alexa Fluor® 647 and then analyzed by flow cytometry. ( a ) Representative histograms of extracellular staining show significant differences in fluorescence intensities from HIV + (dark histogram) and uninfected (grey histogram) on the expression of CB2R compared with the nonfluorescent MDM (unshaded histograms to the left. ( b ) A graphic representation of surface CB2R levels per donor is shown. Panels a and b are representative of three different donors (n = 3). An unstained control was included as a technical negative control and is representative of 1 donor (n = 1). ( c ) Representative images of intracellular levels of CB2R and GAPDH expression using Western Blot. Images were cropped from the same blot after stripping and reprobing with a different antibody and were acquired using different exposure times. Full-length blots are presented in Supplementary Fig. 4 ( d ) A graphic representation of intracellular CB2R levels per donor is shown. Figures c and d are representative of four different donors (n = 4).

Article Snippet: MDM were incubated with an anti-human CB2R-Alexa Fluor® 647 conjugated antibody (R&D Systems) (1:100 in PBS 1X) for 1 h at 4 °C.

Techniques: Infection, Expressing, Labeling, Flow Cytometry, Staining, Fluorescence, Control, Negative Control, Western Blot, Stripping Membranes

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Cannabinoid receptor type 2 agonist JWH-133 decreases cathepsin B secretion and neurotoxicity from HIV-infected macrophages

doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-03896-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: CB2R agonists treatment decrease HIV-1 replication and CATB secretion from MDM. MDM were infected with HIV-1 and treated with CB2R agonists, JWH-133 and HU-308. HIV-1 p24 and CATB levels were measured from supernatants of days 3, 6, 9, and 12pi by ELISA. ( a ) Temporal HIV-1 p24 levels in supernatants of HIV-infected MDM treated with JWH-133. ( b ) Temporal CATB secretion levels in supernatants of HIV-infected MDM treated with JWH-133. Figures a and b are representative of at least four different donors (n = at least 4). ( c ) Temporal HIV-1 p24 levels in supernatants of HIV-infected MDM treated with HU-308. ( d ) Temporal CATB secretion levels in supernatants of HIV-infected MDM treated with HU-308. Figures c and d are representative of at least six different donors (n = at least 6). Graphs are presented using the mean and the ± standard error of the mean (SEM). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 vs. vehicle control at its respective time-point.

Article Snippet: MDM were incubated with an anti-human CB2R-Alexa Fluor® 647 conjugated antibody (R&D Systems) (1:100 in PBS 1X) for 1 h at 4 °C.

Techniques: Infection, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Control

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Cannabinoid receptor type 2 agonist JWH-133 decreases cathepsin B secretion and neurotoxicity from HIV-infected macrophages

doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-03896-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: JWH-133 prevents HIV-induced increase in surface CB2R expression and induces oscillating expressions over time. MDM were cultured in 8-well chamber slides, infected with HIV-1 ADA , and treated with JWH-133 at 0.5 µM. Slides were fixed at days 3, 6, 9, and 12dpi. Cells were stained with an anti-CB2R antibody (red) and nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue). At least 3 different random pictures per condition were acquired. Representative immunofluorescence images are shown. Graphs are presented using the mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM). This figure is representative of three different donors (n = 3). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01.

Article Snippet: MDM were incubated with an anti-human CB2R-Alexa Fluor® 647 conjugated antibody (R&D Systems) (1:100 in PBS 1X) for 1 h at 4 °C.

Techniques: Expressing, Cell Culture, Infection, Staining, Immunofluorescence

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Cannabinoid receptor type 2 agonist JWH-133 decreases cathepsin B secretion and neurotoxicity from HIV-infected macrophages

doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-03896-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: JWH-133 decreases HIV-1 replication and CATB secretion through CB2R activation. MDM were cultured in 24-wells plates and infected with HIV-1 ADA . After removal of residual virus, cells were treated with CB2R antagonist SR144528 (SR: 1 µM) for 1 h, followed by JWH-133 (JWH) treatment at 0.5 µM. Treatments were maintained for 6dpi, exchanging half of the media at day 3pi and repeating the co-administration protocol. HIV-1 p24 and CATB levels were measured in HIV-infected MDM supernatants using ELISA. HIV-1 p24 and CATB levels were normalized against its vehicle control per donor. ( a ) HIV-1 p24 levels in HIV-infected MDM after co-administration of CB2R ligands. This figure is representative of at least eight different donors (n = 8). ( b ) CATB levels in HIV-infected MDM after co-administration of CB2R ligands. This figure is representative of ten different donors (n = 10). Graphs are presented using the mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01.

Article Snippet: MDM were incubated with an anti-human CB2R-Alexa Fluor® 647 conjugated antibody (R&D Systems) (1:100 in PBS 1X) for 1 h at 4 °C.

Techniques: Activation Assay, Cell Culture, Infection, Virus, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Control

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Structural Characteristics of Polysaccharide GP2a in Gardenia jasminoides and Its Immunomodulatory Effect on Macrophages

doi: 10.3390/ijms231911279

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum of GP2a. Bands positions are indicated in cm −1 .

Article Snippet: Thereafter, a culture medium with GP2a at various concentrations (7.5–300 µg/mL) was added and incubated for 24, 48, or 72 h. Meanwhile, untreated cells were used as blank control and the cells treated with 2 µg/mL LPS (MedChemExpress) were used as positive control.

Techniques: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Structural Characteristics of Polysaccharide GP2a in Gardenia jasminoides and Its Immunomodulatory Effect on Macrophages

doi: 10.3390/ijms231911279

Figure Lengend Snippet: Plots of molecular weight distribution ( A ) and molecular conformation ( B ) of GP2a. ( A ) Superimposed chromatograms of GP2a obtained by size exclusion chromatography connected with multi-angle laser light scattering and refractive index (RI) detectors; the RI trace shows the signals collected by the RI detector; the molar mass trace was fitted by laser light scattering signals and RI signals, indicating molecular weight distribution. ( B ) Log–log plot of r g versus Mw; RMS—root mean square.

Article Snippet: Thereafter, a culture medium with GP2a at various concentrations (7.5–300 µg/mL) was added and incubated for 24, 48, or 72 h. Meanwhile, untreated cells were used as blank control and the cells treated with 2 µg/mL LPS (MedChemExpress) were used as positive control.

Techniques: Molecular Weight, Size-exclusion Chromatography, Refractive Index

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Structural Characteristics of Polysaccharide GP2a in Gardenia jasminoides and Its Immunomodulatory Effect on Macrophages

doi: 10.3390/ijms231911279

Figure Lengend Snippet: Ion chromatogram of standard monosaccharides ( A ) and GP2a hydrolysate ( B ). Peaks in ( A ): 1 is fucose (Fuc), 2 is arabinose (Ara), 3 is rhamnose (Rha), 4 is galactose (Gal), 5 is glucose (Glc), 6 is xylose (Xyl), 7 is mannose (Man), 8 is fructose (Fru), 9 is ribose (Rib), 10 is galacturonic acid (GalA), 11 is guluronic acid (GulA), 12 is glucuronic acid (GlcA), and 13 is mannuronic acid (ManA). Peaks in ( B ): 1 is Fuc, 2 is Ara, 3 is Rha, 4 is Gal, 5 is Glc, 6 is Xyl, 7 is Man, 8 is GalA, and 9 is GlcA.

Article Snippet: Thereafter, a culture medium with GP2a at various concentrations (7.5–300 µg/mL) was added and incubated for 24, 48, or 72 h. Meanwhile, untreated cells were used as blank control and the cells treated with 2 µg/mL LPS (MedChemExpress) were used as positive control.

Techniques:

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Structural Characteristics of Polysaccharide GP2a in Gardenia jasminoides and Its Immunomodulatory Effect on Macrophages

doi: 10.3390/ijms231911279

Figure Lengend Snippet: Monosaccharide composition of GP2a.

Article Snippet: Thereafter, a culture medium with GP2a at various concentrations (7.5–300 µg/mL) was added and incubated for 24, 48, or 72 h. Meanwhile, untreated cells were used as blank control and the cells treated with 2 µg/mL LPS (MedChemExpress) were used as positive control.

Techniques:

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Structural Characteristics of Polysaccharide GP2a in Gardenia jasminoides and Its Immunomodulatory Effect on Macrophages

doi: 10.3390/ijms231911279

Figure Lengend Snippet: Total ion chromatograms (TIC) of GP2a derivatives. ( A ) H/D, singly deuterated sample, referring to the carboxyl groups prereduced using sodium borohydride (NaBH 4 ) and secondary reduced using sodium borodeuteride (NaBD 4 ) after methylation. ( B ) D/D, doubly deuterated sample, referring to the carboxyl groups reduced using NaBD 4 before and after methylation. +EI: electron bombardment ion source.

Article Snippet: Thereafter, a culture medium with GP2a at various concentrations (7.5–300 µg/mL) was added and incubated for 24, 48, or 72 h. Meanwhile, untreated cells were used as blank control and the cells treated with 2 µg/mL LPS (MedChemExpress) were used as positive control.

Techniques: Methylation

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Structural Characteristics of Polysaccharide GP2a in Gardenia jasminoides and Its Immunomodulatory Effect on Macrophages

doi: 10.3390/ijms231911279

Figure Lengend Snippet: Methylation analysis result of GP2a.

Article Snippet: Thereafter, a culture medium with GP2a at various concentrations (7.5–300 µg/mL) was added and incubated for 24, 48, or 72 h. Meanwhile, untreated cells were used as blank control and the cells treated with 2 µg/mL LPS (MedChemExpress) were used as positive control.

Techniques: Methylation, Molecular Weight

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Structural Characteristics of Polysaccharide GP2a in Gardenia jasminoides and Its Immunomodulatory Effect on Macrophages

doi: 10.3390/ijms231911279

Figure Lengend Snippet: Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of GP2a at ( A ) 100×; ( B ) 250×; ( C ) 500×; ( D ) 1000×.

Article Snippet: Thereafter, a culture medium with GP2a at various concentrations (7.5–300 µg/mL) was added and incubated for 24, 48, or 72 h. Meanwhile, untreated cells were used as blank control and the cells treated with 2 µg/mL LPS (MedChemExpress) were used as positive control.

Techniques: Electron Microscopy

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Structural Characteristics of Polysaccharide GP2a in Gardenia jasminoides and Its Immunomodulatory Effect on Macrophages

doi: 10.3390/ijms231911279

Figure Lengend Snippet: Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of GP2a. ( A ) 1 H-NMR spectrum; ( B ) 13 C-NMR spectrum; ( C ) Heteronuclear single quantum relation (HSQC) spectrum; ( D ) Correlated spectroscopy (COSY) spectrum; ( E ) Heteronuclear multiple bond correlation (HMBC) spectrum; ( F ) Nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy (NOESY) spectrum.

Article Snippet: Thereafter, a culture medium with GP2a at various concentrations (7.5–300 µg/mL) was added and incubated for 24, 48, or 72 h. Meanwhile, untreated cells were used as blank control and the cells treated with 2 µg/mL LPS (MedChemExpress) were used as positive control.

Techniques: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Spectroscopy

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Structural Characteristics of Polysaccharide GP2a in Gardenia jasminoides and Its Immunomodulatory Effect on Macrophages

doi: 10.3390/ijms231911279

Figure Lengend Snippet: 1 H NMR and 13 C NMR chemical shifts of GP2a recorded in D 2 O.

Article Snippet: Thereafter, a culture medium with GP2a at various concentrations (7.5–300 µg/mL) was added and incubated for 24, 48, or 72 h. Meanwhile, untreated cells were used as blank control and the cells treated with 2 µg/mL LPS (MedChemExpress) were used as positive control.

Techniques: Residue

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Structural Characteristics of Polysaccharide GP2a in Gardenia jasminoides and Its Immunomodulatory Effect on Macrophages

doi: 10.3390/ijms231911279

Figure Lengend Snippet: Possible repeat unit structure of GP2a.

Article Snippet: Thereafter, a culture medium with GP2a at various concentrations (7.5–300 µg/mL) was added and incubated for 24, 48, or 72 h. Meanwhile, untreated cells were used as blank control and the cells treated with 2 µg/mL LPS (MedChemExpress) were used as positive control.

Techniques:

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Structural Characteristics of Polysaccharide GP2a in Gardenia jasminoides and Its Immunomodulatory Effect on Macrophages

doi: 10.3390/ijms231911279

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cell viability of RAW 264.7 cells.

Article Snippet: Thereafter, a culture medium with GP2a at various concentrations (7.5–300 µg/mL) was added and incubated for 24, 48, or 72 h. Meanwhile, untreated cells were used as blank control and the cells treated with 2 µg/mL LPS (MedChemExpress) were used as positive control.

Techniques: Control, Positive Control

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Structural Characteristics of Polysaccharide GP2a in Gardenia jasminoides and Its Immunomodulatory Effect on Macrophages

doi: 10.3390/ijms231911279

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of GP2a on nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW 264.7 cells. Untreated cells were used as blank control; Cells treated with different GP2a concentrations (120, 240, and 300 µg/mL) were used as samples; Cells treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (2 µg/mL) were used as positive control. Letter a represents significant difference compared with the blank control ( p < 0.05, p < 0.01); letter b represents significant difference compared with the positive control ( p < 0.05, p < 0.01).

Article Snippet: Thereafter, a culture medium with GP2a at various concentrations (7.5–300 µg/mL) was added and incubated for 24, 48, or 72 h. Meanwhile, untreated cells were used as blank control and the cells treated with 2 µg/mL LPS (MedChemExpress) were used as positive control.

Techniques: Control, Positive Control

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Structural Characteristics of Polysaccharide GP2a in Gardenia jasminoides and Its Immunomodulatory Effect on Macrophages

doi: 10.3390/ijms231911279

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of GP2a on cytokine production in RAW 264.7 cells. ELISA detection of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) ( A ), interferon (IFN)-γ ( B ), interleukin (IL)-1β ( C ), IL-6 ( D ), and granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) ( E ). Untreated cells were used as blank control; cells treated with different GP2a concentrations (120, 240, and 300 µg/mL) were used as sample; cells treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (2 µg/mL) were used as positive control. Letter a represents significant difference compared with the blank control ( p < 0.05, p < 0.01); letter b represents significant difference compared with the positive control ( p < 0.05, p < 0.01).

Article Snippet: Thereafter, a culture medium with GP2a at various concentrations (7.5–300 µg/mL) was added and incubated for 24, 48, or 72 h. Meanwhile, untreated cells were used as blank control and the cells treated with 2 µg/mL LPS (MedChemExpress) were used as positive control.

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Control, Positive Control

Journal: American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism

Article Title: Effect of maternal high-fat diet on key components of the placental and hepatic endocannabinoid system

doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00119.2017

Figure Lengend Snippet: Endocannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2R) protein expression in the maternal and fetal livers of high-fat diet (HFD; n = 11) and control (CTR; n = 10) animals. A–D: representative images of fetal livers from male fetuses (MF) in the CTR (n = 3) and HFD (n = 6) diet groups. E–H: the fetal livers from female fetuses (FF) in the CTR (n = 4) and HFD (n = 4) groups. I–L: maternal livers of dams with MF in the CTR (n = 3) and HFD (n = 5) groups. M–P: maternal liver sections from dams carrying FF in the CTR (n = 5) and HFD (n = 4) groups. Q–T: quantitative analyses. Blue arrows point to bile ducts, green arrows point to arteries, pink arrows point to central veins (CV), and yellow asterisks indicate the portal vein. Negative controls (omission of primary antibodies) are shown in A–P, insets (top right). Scale bars, 20 μm. The data are presented as means ± SE.

Article Snippet: Immunohistochemistry Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed using a CB1R monoclonal primary antibody (cat. no. Img-CB1R-mab001; Immunogenes, Budakeszi, Hungary), a CB2R monoclonal primary antibody (cat. no. H00001269-M01; Novus Biologicals, Littleton, CO), and an anti-mouse secondary antibody (Vectastain ABC Kit anti-mouse IgG, cat. no. PK-4002; Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, CA).

Techniques: Expressing, Control

Journal: American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism

Article Title: Effect of maternal high-fat diet on key components of the placental and hepatic endocannabinoid system

doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00119.2017

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fetal and maternal hepatic expression of main endocannabinoid receptors and metabolizing enzymes in male and female fetuses near term of HFD and CTR mothers

Article Snippet: Immunohistochemistry Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed using a CB1R monoclonal primary antibody (cat. no. Img-CB1R-mab001; Immunogenes, Budakeszi, Hungary), a CB2R monoclonal primary antibody (cat. no. H00001269-M01; Novus Biologicals, Littleton, CO), and an anti-mouse secondary antibody (Vectastain ABC Kit anti-mouse IgG, cat. no. PK-4002; Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, CA).

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism

Article Title: Effect of maternal high-fat diet on key components of the placental and hepatic endocannabinoid system

doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00119.2017

Figure Lengend Snippet: Protein expression of CB1R, CB2R, fatty acid amide hydrolase-1 (FAAH), diacylglyceride lipase A (DAGLα), monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in the liver and placenta. A: image of Western blot of CB1R, CB2R, FAAH, MAGL, and COX-2 in the maternal liver (n = 3–6). B: image of Western blot of CB1R, CB2R, FAAH, DAGLα, MAGL, and COX-2 in the fetal liver (n = 4–6). C: image of Western blot analysis (CB1R, CB2R, FAAH, DAGL, MAGL, and COX-2) in the placenta (n = 4–6). CTR, control; HFD, high-fat diet; MF, male fetus; FF, female fetus; M, male; F, female.

Article Snippet: Immunohistochemistry Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed using a CB1R monoclonal primary antibody (cat. no. Img-CB1R-mab001; Immunogenes, Budakeszi, Hungary), a CB2R monoclonal primary antibody (cat. no. H00001269-M01; Novus Biologicals, Littleton, CO), and an anti-mouse secondary antibody (Vectastain ABC Kit anti-mouse IgG, cat. no. PK-4002; Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, CA).

Techniques: Expressing, Western Blot, Control

Journal: American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism

Article Title: Effect of maternal high-fat diet on key components of the placental and hepatic endocannabinoid system

doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00119.2017

Figure Lengend Snippet: CB1R and CB2R protein expression in the placenta from high-fat diet (HFD; n = 10) and control (CTR; n = 11) animals. A, B, E, and F: placental expression of CB1R in male fetuses (MF). C, D, G, and H: representative images of the placental sections from female fetuses (FF). Blue arrows point to syncytiotrophoblasts, green arrows point to cytotrophoblasts, and pink arrows point to fetal capillaries. The negative controls (omission of the primary antibodies) are shown as insets (A–H, top right). Scale bar, 20 μm. I–L: immunohistochemical quantifications for the HFD and CTR groups. Data are presented as means ± SE.

Article Snippet: Immunohistochemistry Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed using a CB1R monoclonal primary antibody (cat. no. Img-CB1R-mab001; Immunogenes, Budakeszi, Hungary), a CB2R monoclonal primary antibody (cat. no. H00001269-M01; Novus Biologicals, Littleton, CO), and an anti-mouse secondary antibody (Vectastain ABC Kit anti-mouse IgG, cat. no. PK-4002; Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, CA).

Techniques: Expressing, Control, Immunohistochemical staining

Journal: American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism

Article Title: Effect of maternal high-fat diet on key components of the placental and hepatic endocannabinoid system

doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00119.2017

Figure Lengend Snippet: Placental expression of main endocannabinoid receptors and metabolizing enzymes in placentas of male and female fetuses near term of HFD and CTR mothers

Article Snippet: Immunohistochemistry Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed using a CB1R monoclonal primary antibody (cat. no. Img-CB1R-mab001; Immunogenes, Budakeszi, Hungary), a CB2R monoclonal primary antibody (cat. no. H00001269-M01; Novus Biologicals, Littleton, CO), and an anti-mouse secondary antibody (Vectastain ABC Kit anti-mouse IgG, cat. no. PK-4002; Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, CA).

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism

Article Title: Effect of maternal high-fat diet on key components of the placental and hepatic endocannabinoid system

doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00119.2017

Figure Lengend Snippet: Graphic summary of presented findings in a framework of selected reported obesity-related placental changes, which are relevant to endocannabinoid transport and metabolism. Top: increased maternal and decreased fetal systemic 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG) concentrations in maternal high-fat diet (HFD) consumption. Placental 2-AG concentration is decreased in maternal obesity (MO) (13). Bottom: cross-sections of placental terminal villi. CB1R is expressed in the fetal endothelium of control (CTR) animals and additionally in the syncytiotrophoblast (ST) of the HFD group. Macrophages infiltration (17, 28), fatty acid-binding protein (FABP) and fatty acid transport protein (FATP) expression (24), lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity (66), and lipid droplet (LD) formation (39) were increased, and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was reduced (16) in placentas in MO and in the HFD group. MFSD2A is expressed in placental ST and is a transporter of DHA (58, 64), which in turn is a precursor of endogenous cannabinoid (eCB) (31). Associations with eCB metabolism: LDs are functional sides of AEA inactivation (42). CB2R is expressed in the cytotrophoblast (CT) and macrophages (52), FABP is involved in eCB transport (43), and LPL activation is CB1R mediated (78). The fetal endothelium expresses monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL), diacylglycerol lipase-α (DAGLα), N-acyl phosphatidylethanolamine phospholipase D (NAPE-PLD), and CB1R; CT expresses CB2R, DAGL, Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase 1 (FAAH-1), NAPE-PLD, and MAGL, and ST expresses CB1R, MAGL, and FAAH-1.

Article Snippet: Immunohistochemistry Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed using a CB1R monoclonal primary antibody (cat. no. Img-CB1R-mab001; Immunogenes, Budakeszi, Hungary), a CB2R monoclonal primary antibody (cat. no. H00001269-M01; Novus Biologicals, Littleton, CO), and an anti-mouse secondary antibody (Vectastain ABC Kit anti-mouse IgG, cat. no. PK-4002; Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, CA).

Techniques: Concentration Assay, Control, Binding Assay, Expressing, Activity Assay, Functional Assay, Activation Assay