Journal: PeerJ

Article Title: Comparative genomics of hospital-associated vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium from regional tertiary hospitals in Thailand

doi: 10.7717/peerj.21354

Figure Lengend Snippet: A maximum-likelihood phylogenetic tree was constructed using a recombination-filtered core SNP alignment generated through Snippy, Snippy-core, and Gubbins, with E. faecium reference genome GCF_009697285.1 . Tree inference was performed using IQ-TREE with ultrafast bootstrap support values shown at internal nodes. The phylogenetic tree was visualized and annotated using iTOL. Two major phylogenetic groups, designated as Clade I and Clade II, were observed. Antimicrobial resistance genes and mutations were identified using thresholds of ≥ 90% sequence identity and ≥ 60% coverage. The heatmap alongside the tree displays the sequence types (STs), presence/absence of antimicrobial resistance genes, and corresponding phenotypic disk diffusion results for each isolate.

Article Snippet: The following antimicrobial disks were included (Oxoid, Basingstoke, UK): ampicillin (AP), ciprofloxacin (CIP), chloramphenicol (C), gentamycin (CN), linezolid (LZD), penicillin (PG), streptomycin (S), teicoplanin (TEC), tetracycline (TE), and vancomycin (VA).

Techniques: Construct, Generated, Sequencing, Diffusion-based Assay

Journal: ACS Omega

Article Title: In Vitro Inhibition of Growth, Biofilm Formation, and Persisters of Staphylococcus aureus by Pinaverium Bromide

doi: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00340

Figure Lengend Snippet: Antibacterial effect of pinaverium bromide on the planktonic cells of S. aureus and E. faecalis . The S. aureus CHS101 isolate (A) and E. faecalis 16C106 isolate (B) during the logarithmic growth phase were treated with pinaverium bromide for 24 h. The planktonic cells were determined by cfu numbers. The data presented were the average of three independent experiments (mean ± SD). Pin, pinaverium bromide; Lin, linezolid; Van, vancomycin; and Amp, ampicillin. All antimicrobials were used at 4 × MIC.

Article Snippet: Ampicillin sodium (catalogue no. HY-B0522A, purity: ≥98.0%), vancomycin (catalogue no. HY-B0671, purity: 98.11%), linezolid (catalogue no. HY-10394, purity: 99.95%), pinaverium bromide (catalogue no. HY-111613, purity: 99.83%), fluorescent dye DIBAC4(3) (catalogue no. HY-101892, purity: ≥98.0%), and chemicals screening libraries (ID: HY-LD-000001025, containing 1333 chemicals, now as part of the FDA-Approved Drug Library HY-L022) were purchased from MedChemExpress (MCE, Shanghai, China).

Techniques:

Journal: ACS Omega

Article Title: In Vitro Inhibition of Growth, Biofilm Formation, and Persisters of Staphylococcus aureus by Pinaverium Bromide

doi: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00340

Figure Lengend Snippet: Inhibitory effect of pinaverium bromide on the formation of S. aureus and E. faecalis persister cells. The S. aureus CHS101 isolate (A) and E. faecalis 16C106 isolate (B) during stationary growth phase were treated with pinaverium bromide for 120 h. The planktonic cells were determined by cfu numbers. The data presented were the average of three independent experiments (mean ± SD). Pin, pinaverium bromide; Lin, linezolid; Van, vancomycin; and Amp, ampicillin. All antimicrobials were used at 10 × MIC.

Article Snippet: Ampicillin sodium (catalogue no. HY-B0522A, purity: ≥98.0%), vancomycin (catalogue no. HY-B0671, purity: 98.11%), linezolid (catalogue no. HY-10394, purity: 99.95%), pinaverium bromide (catalogue no. HY-111613, purity: 99.83%), fluorescent dye DIBAC4(3) (catalogue no. HY-101892, purity: ≥98.0%), and chemicals screening libraries (ID: HY-LD-000001025, containing 1333 chemicals, now as part of the FDA-Approved Drug Library HY-L022) were purchased from MedChemExpress (MCE, Shanghai, China).

Techniques:

Journal: Heliyon

Article Title: Evaluation of the synergistic potential and mechanisms of action for de novo designed cationic antimicrobial peptides

doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27852

Figure Lengend Snippet: Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of antimicrobials against E. coli ATCC 25922 at two bacterial concentrations.

Article Snippet: Temporin-L was purchased from CRB Discovery; ampicillin sodium salt and kanamycin sulphate were purchased from Carl Roth; 3,6-bis(dimethylamino)-10-nonyl-acridinium bromide (NAO), gentamicin, penicillin G, levofloxacin, nalidixic acid, and Lisogeny-Broth (LB) medium were purchased from Sigma Aldrich.

Techniques: Sequencing

Journal: Heliyon

Article Title: Evaluation of the synergistic potential and mechanisms of action for de novo designed cationic antimicrobial peptides

doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27852

Figure Lengend Snippet: Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of antimicrobials against dividing (LB) and non-dividing (PBS) cells of E. coli ATCC 25922. Bacterial cell density – 5 × 10 5 CFU/mL.

Article Snippet: Temporin-L was purchased from CRB Discovery; ampicillin sodium salt and kanamycin sulphate were purchased from Carl Roth; 3,6-bis(dimethylamino)-10-nonyl-acridinium bromide (NAO), gentamicin, penicillin G, levofloxacin, nalidixic acid, and Lisogeny-Broth (LB) medium were purchased from Sigma Aldrich.

Techniques:

Journal: Heliyon

Article Title: Evaluation of the synergistic potential and mechanisms of action for de novo designed cationic antimicrobial peptides

doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27852

Figure Lengend Snippet: Synergistic interactions between peptides and antibiotics against E. coli ATCC 25922 at two bacterial concentrations. MIC A – MIC of peptide alone; MIC B – MIC of antibiotic alone; MIC AB – MIC of peptide in combination with antibiotic; MIC BA – MIC of antibiotic in combination with peptide; FICI – fractional inhibitory concentration index.

Article Snippet: Temporin-L was purchased from CRB Discovery; ampicillin sodium salt and kanamycin sulphate were purchased from Carl Roth; 3,6-bis(dimethylamino)-10-nonyl-acridinium bromide (NAO), gentamicin, penicillin G, levofloxacin, nalidixic acid, and Lisogeny-Broth (LB) medium were purchased from Sigma Aldrich.

Techniques: Concentration Assay

Journal: Heliyon

Article Title: Evaluation of the synergistic potential and mechanisms of action for de novo designed cationic antimicrobial peptides

doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27852

Figure Lengend Snippet: CAMPs induce ROS-independent DSBs in genomic DNA of E. coli ATCC 25922. (A) LMA-encapsulated cells were treated with CAMPs (100 μg/mL), levofloxacin (0.5 μg/mL), or ampicillin (50 μg/mL) (see Materials and Methods section) and DSB formation was monitored using PFGE. Lane 1 – levofloxacin; Lane 2 – ampicillin; Lane 3 – L1L; Lane 4 – L1D; Lane 5–24L; Lane 6–24D; Lane 7 – LCAPL2; Lane 8 – LCAPL8; Lane 9 – untreated cells; (B) LMA-encapsulated cells were treated with peptides 24L, L1D, and ST1 in the absence (lanes 2, 4, and 6) or presence (lanes 3, 5, and 7) of 100 mM TU. Lane 1 and Lane 8 show levofloxacin and untreated cells, respectively. For full images please see Supplemental Material.

Article Snippet: Temporin-L was purchased from CRB Discovery; ampicillin sodium salt and kanamycin sulphate were purchased from Carl Roth; 3,6-bis(dimethylamino)-10-nonyl-acridinium bromide (NAO), gentamicin, penicillin G, levofloxacin, nalidixic acid, and Lisogeny-Broth (LB) medium were purchased from Sigma Aldrich.

Techniques: