Journal: Molecular Medicine

Article Title: Targeting GPR84 to alleviate acute immune-mediated liver injury

doi: 10.1186/s10020-025-01248-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: Elevated GPR84 expression in Con A-induced immune liver injury. Wild-type (WT) mice were injected with PBS or Con A (15 mg/kg) at 0 h, 2 h, 4 h, 6 h, 8 h, and 24 h. A qRT-PCR and ( B , C ) Western blot analysis showed increased GPR84 levels in liver tissue over time. D Representative immunohistochemical staining of GPR84 in liver sections after 24 h of treatment with PBS or Con A. E , F Heatmap and volcano plot of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified from the GSE17184 dataset, comparing Gpr84 expression in Con A-induced liver injury versus controls, with DEGs defined as |log2 fold change (FC)|> 1.0 and P < 0.05. G Box plot illustrating GPR84 expression levels in Con A-induced liver injury. Mean ± SEM. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001

Article Snippet: One hour later, 30 mg/kg of the GPR84 antagonist GLPG1205 (MCE, HY-135303) was administered via oral gavage.

Techniques: Expressing, Injection, Quantitative RT-PCR, Western Blot, Immunohistochemical staining, Staining

Journal: Molecular Medicine

Article Title: Targeting GPR84 to alleviate acute immune-mediated liver injury

doi: 10.1186/s10020-025-01248-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: GPR84 deficiency alleviates Con A-induced liver injury. A , B Serum ALT and AST levels at 8 h and 24 h post-injection of PBS or Con A in WT ( n = 9) and Gpr84 −/− ( n = 10) mice. C , D Representative H&E staining of liver tissue, with necrotic areas quantified using ImageJ. E , F TUNEL staining of liver sections after 24 h treatment with PBS or Con A, with images captured at 100 μm scale. G , I Western blot analysis of Caspase-3 and Caspase-8 expression in liver tissue. H , J Western blot analysis of STAT3, MAPK, and NF-κB pathway proteins. Mean ± SEM. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, **** P < 0.0001

Article Snippet: One hour later, 30 mg/kg of the GPR84 antagonist GLPG1205 (MCE, HY-135303) was administered via oral gavage.

Techniques: Injection, Staining, TUNEL Assay, Western Blot, Expressing

Journal: Molecular Medicine

Article Title: Targeting GPR84 to alleviate acute immune-mediated liver injury

doi: 10.1186/s10020-025-01248-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: GPR84 deficiency alters immune cell infiltration in liver tissue. A qRT-PCR analysis of inflammatory cytokine expression in WT and Gpr84 −/− mice 24 h after PBS or Con A injection. B Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) gating strategy for immune cell analysis. C Flow cytometry analysis of non-parenchymal cells (NPCs) isolated from the liver of WT and Gpr84 −/− mice treated with PBS or Con A. Mean ± SEM. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001

Article Snippet: One hour later, 30 mg/kg of the GPR84 antagonist GLPG1205 (MCE, HY-135303) was administered via oral gavage.

Techniques: Quantitative RT-PCR, Expressing, Injection, Fluorescence, FACS, Cell Analysis, Flow Cytometry, Isolation

Journal: Molecular Medicine

Article Title: Targeting GPR84 to alleviate acute immune-mediated liver injury

doi: 10.1186/s10020-025-01248-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: GPR84 expression on hematopoietic cells drives ConA-induced cell death in the liver. A Schematic of bone marrow transplantation to create chimeric mice: WT → WT ( n = 4), Gpr84 −/− → WT ( n = 4), WT → Gpr84 −/− ( n = 7), and Gpr84 −/− → Gpr84 −/− ( n = 7) chimeras. B Serum ALT and AST levels in chimeric mice after Con A injection. C , D H&E staining of liver tissue. E , F TUNEL staining of liver sections. G Flow cytometry analysis of NPC proportions in chimeric mice. Mean ± SEM. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, **** P < 0.0001

Article Snippet: One hour later, 30 mg/kg of the GPR84 antagonist GLPG1205 (MCE, HY-135303) was administered via oral gavage.

Techniques: Expressing, Transplantation Assay, Injection, Staining, TUNEL Assay, Flow Cytometry

Journal: Molecular Medicine

Article Title: Targeting GPR84 to alleviate acute immune-mediated liver injury

doi: 10.1186/s10020-025-01248-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: GPR84 regulates macrophage secretion of inflammatory cytokines. Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) isolated from Gpr84 −/− and WT mice were treated with 10 μg/mL Con A for 12 h, ( A ) qRT-PCR analysis was used to assess the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines, ( B – G ) Western blotting was performed to evaluate the protein levels of STAT3, MAPK, and NF-κB signaling pathway components. H – J Primary hepatocytes were treated with supernatants from Con A-stimulated BMDMs, followed by Western blot analysis to measure the expression levels of Caspase-3 and Caspase-8. Mean ± SEM. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, **** P < 0.0001

Article Snippet: One hour later, 30 mg/kg of the GPR84 antagonist GLPG1205 (MCE, HY-135303) was administered via oral gavage.

Techniques: Derivative Assay, Isolation, Quantitative RT-PCR, Expressing, Western Blot

Journal: Molecular Medicine

Article Title: Targeting GPR84 to alleviate acute immune-mediated liver injury

doi: 10.1186/s10020-025-01248-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: GLPG1205 alleviates Con A-induced immune liver injury in mice. WT mice were injected with Con A (15 mg/kg) for 1 h, treated with GLPG1205 or vehicle control by oral gavage, ( A , B ) Serum ALT and AST levels were measured. n = 3–7 mice per group. C , D H&E staining was performed to assess liver tissue damage. E , F TUNEL staining was used to evaluate the proportion of apoptotic hepatocytes. Mean ± SEM. * P < 0.05, *** P < 0.001, **** P < 0.0001

Article Snippet: One hour later, 30 mg/kg of the GPR84 antagonist GLPG1205 (MCE, HY-135303) was administered via oral gavage.

Techniques: Injection, Control, Staining, TUNEL Assay

Journal: Molecular Medicine

Article Title: Targeting GPR84 to alleviate acute immune-mediated liver injury

doi: 10.1186/s10020-025-01248-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: GLPG1205 reduces hepatocyte apoptosis by limiting inflammatory cell infiltration. WT mice were injected with Con A (15 mg/kg) for 1 h, and treated with GLPG1205 or vehicle control by oral gavage. A Flow cytometry was performed to analyze the proportions of non-parenchymal cells (NPCs) in the liver. B , F – J Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were pretreated with GLPG1205 for 1 h, followed by Con A treatment at 0 h, 0.5 h, 1 h, and 2 h. Western blotting was used to measure the expression of proteins involved in the STAT3, MAPK, and NF-κB signaling pathways. C – E Primary hepatocytes were treated with supernatants from Con A-stimulated BMDMs, and Western blotting was performed to detect the expression of apoptosis-related proteins, Caspase-3 and Caspase-8. Mean ± SEM. * P < 0.05, *** P < 0.001, **** P < 0.0001

Article Snippet: One hour later, 30 mg/kg of the GPR84 antagonist GLPG1205 (MCE, HY-135303) was administered via oral gavage.

Techniques: Injection, Control, Flow Cytometry, Derivative Assay, Western Blot, Expressing, Protein-Protein interactions

Journal: Molecular Medicine

Article Title: Targeting GPR84 to alleviate acute immune-mediated liver injury

doi: 10.1186/s10020-025-01248-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: Schematic illustration of the protective effect of GLPG1205 against liver injury

Article Snippet: One hour later, 30 mg/kg of the GPR84 antagonist GLPG1205 (MCE, HY-135303) was administered via oral gavage.

Techniques: