Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration

Article Title: Synergistic influence of phosphorylation and metal ions on tau oligomer formation and coaggregation with α-synuclein at the single molecule level

doi: 10.1186/1750-1326-7-35

Figure Lengend Snippet: Tau phosphorylation verified by western blot and SIFT analysis. A. Mass spectroscopy showed that recombinant human tau (isoform 5, 42967 Da) is of high purity. B. While mock phosphorylation (mTau) does not influence SDS-PAGE mobility of recombinant tau, a typical band shift is observed upon tau phosphorylation (pTau). C. SIFT analysis showed labeling of pTau oligomers with the phosphorylated tau specific AT-8 antibody in presence of 1% DMSO indicating antibody binding, while no coaggregation was observed with mTau. Data was normalized against the coaggregation level of mTau with the T46 antibody, which does not require tau phosphorylation. 2D histograms depicting antibody (x-axis) and protein (y-axis) interactions show coaggregates of T46 with both pTau and mTau, while AT-8 only coaggregates with pTau. A scheme describing the appearance of mixed aggregates in 2D histograms is included in Figure 3. Upon combining AT-8 and mTau, only DMSO induced tau aggregates are visible along the y-axis, similar to the control antibody 6E10. Measurements were taken from 12 independent samples; each sample was measured four times. Levels of significance are displayed as * = p < 0.05; ** = p < 0.01; ‡ = p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: Analysis was performed using FCSPP evaluation software version 2.0 (Evotec-Technologies), allowing auto-correlation, cross-correlation and fluorescence intensity distribution (FIDA) analysis, and SIFT-2D evaluation software (Evotec-Technologies).

Techniques: Western Blot, Mass Spectrometry, Recombinant, SDS Page, Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay, Labeling, Binding Assay

Journal: NeuroImage : Clinical

Article Title: Translating state-of-the-art spinal cord MRI techniques to clinical use: A systematic review of clinical studies utilizing DTI, MT, MWF, MRS, and fMRI

doi: 10.1016/j.nicl.2015.11.019

Figure Lengend Snippet: Summary of ROI-based quantitative DTI studies.

Article Snippet: ; prospective, cross-sectional , MS (96 total, 52 RRMS, 33 SPMS, 11 PPMS) vs. HCs (21) , 1.5 T; Siemens; tailored cervical PAC , • C1–C7 • Slice orientation, number, gap NR , • 2D GE ± MT pre-pulse (Gaussian, 1.5 kHz offset, 7.7 ms, 500°), FA = 20°, NEX = 2 , 192 × 250 mm 2 ; 256 × 256; 1 × 1 × 5 mm 3 ; 640/12; no; NR , MTR, histogram peak, location , Semi-automatic, whole-cord, excluding voxels with MTR < 10% , • EDSS , • Decreased MTR in MS patients: 44% vs. 46% P = 0.006 • Peak location and height were independent predictors of EDSS ≥ 4.0 in multivariate analysis , High; correlation coefficient not calculated.

Techniques: Diagnostic Assay, Sequencing, Significance Assay, Sampling, Biomarker Discovery, Comparison, Selection

Journal: NeuroImage : Clinical

Article Title: Translating state-of-the-art spinal cord MRI techniques to clinical use: A systematic review of clinical studies utilizing DTI, MT, MWF, MRS, and fMRI

doi: 10.1016/j.nicl.2015.11.019

Figure Lengend Snippet: Summary of MT studies.

Article Snippet: ; prospective, cross-sectional , MS (96 total, 52 RRMS, 33 SPMS, 11 PPMS) vs. HCs (21) , 1.5 T; Siemens; tailored cervical PAC , • C1–C7 • Slice orientation, number, gap NR , • 2D GE ± MT pre-pulse (Gaussian, 1.5 kHz offset, 7.7 ms, 500°), FA = 20°, NEX = 2 , 192 × 250 mm 2 ; 256 × 256; 1 × 1 × 5 mm 3 ; 640/12; no; NR , MTR, histogram peak, location , Semi-automatic, whole-cord, excluding voxels with MTR < 10% , • EDSS , • Decreased MTR in MS patients: 44% vs. 46% P = 0.006 • Peak location and height were independent predictors of EDSS ≥ 4.0 in multivariate analysis , High; correlation coefficient not calculated.

Techniques: Diagnostic Assay, Activation Assay, Isolation

Journal: NeuroImage : Clinical

Article Title: Translating state-of-the-art spinal cord MRI techniques to clinical use: A systematic review of clinical studies utilizing DTI, MT, MWF, MRS, and fMRI

doi: 10.1016/j.nicl.2015.11.019

Figure Lengend Snippet: Summary of MRS studies.

Article Snippet: ; prospective, cross-sectional , MS (96 total, 52 RRMS, 33 SPMS, 11 PPMS) vs. HCs (21) , 1.5 T; Siemens; tailored cervical PAC , • C1–C7 • Slice orientation, number, gap NR , • 2D GE ± MT pre-pulse (Gaussian, 1.5 kHz offset, 7.7 ms, 500°), FA = 20°, NEX = 2 , 192 × 250 mm 2 ; 256 × 256; 1 × 1 × 5 mm 3 ; 640/12; no; NR , MTR, histogram peak, location , Semi-automatic, whole-cord, excluding voxels with MTR < 10% , • EDSS , • Decreased MTR in MS patients: 44% vs. 46% P = 0.006 • Peak location and height were independent predictors of EDSS ≥ 4.0 in multivariate analysis , High; correlation coefficient not calculated.

Techniques: Diagnostic Assay

Journal: NeuroImage : Clinical

Article Title: Translating state-of-the-art spinal cord MRI techniques to clinical use: A systematic review of clinical studies utilizing DTI, MT, MWF, MRS, and fMRI

doi: 10.1016/j.nicl.2015.11.019

Figure Lengend Snippet: Summary of fMRI studies.

Article Snippet: ; prospective, cross-sectional , MS (96 total, 52 RRMS, 33 SPMS, 11 PPMS) vs. HCs (21) , 1.5 T; Siemens; tailored cervical PAC , • C1–C7 • Slice orientation, number, gap NR , • 2D GE ± MT pre-pulse (Gaussian, 1.5 kHz offset, 7.7 ms, 500°), FA = 20°, NEX = 2 , 192 × 250 mm 2 ; 256 × 256; 1 × 1 × 5 mm 3 ; 640/12; no; NR , MTR, histogram peak, location , Semi-automatic, whole-cord, excluding voxels with MTR < 10% , • EDSS , • Decreased MTR in MS patients: 44% vs. 46% P = 0.006 • Peak location and height were independent predictors of EDSS ≥ 4.0 in multivariate analysis , High; correlation coefficient not calculated.

Techniques: Blocking Assay, Activation Assay