Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: A Crucial Role for Kupffer Cell-Derived Galectin-9 in Regulation of T Cell Immunity in Hepatitis C Infection

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0009504

Figure Lengend Snippet: CD8 + T cells clones specific for NS3∶1406, NS3∶1436 and NS5∶2594 were incubated for 6 hours in media alone ( A ) or with 5 ug/ml of galectin-9 ( B ) followed by staining with Annexin V and 7-AAD. Representative histograms showing the percent of HCV-specific T cells staining with Annexin V following the indicated treatment. ( C ) Combined data for 5 CTL clones from different patients demonstrated an increase in Annexin V/7-AAD with galectin-9 treatment. P-values were calculated using the Wilcoxan matched-pairs signed rank test. ( D ) Plot showing NS3∶1436-specific CD8 + T cells by pentamer staining ex vivo. ( E ) Annexin V staining of NS3∶1436- specific CD8 + T cells from two HCV patients cultured for 6 hours with media (grey shading) or galectin-9 (solid line, no shading). ( F ). Galectin-9 induces T cell apoptosis through caspase-8 activation. Shown are PBMC from a HCV-positive patient treated for 1 hour with 5 ug/ml galectin-9 or media alone. A FITC-conjugated caspase-8 inhibitor that binds specifically to activated caspase-8 was added for the last hour of culture. Cells were then stained with anti-CD8 and 1436-pentamer and the percentage of HCV-specific T cells with activated caspase-8 was determined by flow cytometric analysis.

Article Snippet: Cells were washed twice with 2 ml FACS Wash and subsequently resuspended in 1X Annexin V Binding Buffer (BD Biosciences) at a concentration of 1×10 6 cells/ml.

Techniques: Clone Assay, Incubation, Staining, Ex Vivo, Cell Culture, Activation Assay

Journal: American Journal of Cancer Research

Article Title: Immune response evoked by tumor-associated NADH oxidase (tNOX) confers potential inhibitory effect on lung carcinoma in a mouse model

doi:

Figure Lengend Snippet: Animal study information

Article Snippet: The eluted protein was dialyzed into 1X phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and quantitated using the Protein Assay Dye Reagent Concentrate (BioRad, Hercules, CA, USA).

Techniques: