Journal: Science Advances

Article Title: Galectin-3 exacerbates autoimmune diabetes by limiting regulatory T cell differentiation and function

doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adz7916

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Schematic diagram showing the protocol of TD139 treatment. ( B ) Incidence of diabetes expressed as percentage of diabetic mice at different ages ( n = 20). ( C ) Glucose excursion curve after receiving IPGTT ( n = 8). ( D ) Serum insulin concentration at 0 and 15 min during the IPGTT in 12-week-old TD139 or vehicle-treated NOD mice ( n = 7 to 8). ( E ) Representative H&E staining of pancreas from 12-week-old NOD mice treated with TD139 or vehicle ( n = 4). ( F ) Insulitis scores calculated on the basis of histological evaluation of pancreatic section as in (E). ( G ) Frequencies of CD4 + and CD8 + T cells in total CD3 + T cells from islets of 12-week-old NOD mice treated with TD139 or vehicle ( n = 4). ( H ) Frequencies of T reg cells (CD4 + CD25 + FOXP3 + ) from islets of 12-week-old NOD mice treated with TD139 or vehicle ( n = 4). ( I to K ) Frequencies of perforin + CD8 + T, Tc1 (CD8 + IFN-γ + ), Tc2 (CD8 + IL-4 + ), Tc17 (CD8 + IL-17 + ), and granzyme B + CD8 + T subsets from islets of 12-week-old NOD mice treated with TD139 or vehicle ( n = 3 to 4). ( L ) Frequencies of T H 1 (CD4 + IFN-γ + ), T H 2 (CD4 + IL-4 + ), and T H 17 (CD4 + IL-17 + ) from islets of 12-week-old NOD mice treated with TD139 or vehicle ( n = 4). Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01.

Article Snippet: Our findings suggest a promising avenue for potential therapeutic targets of T1D and introduce the Galectin-3 inhibitor TD139, as a potent antidiabetic drug, to prevent and treat T1D.

Techniques: Concentration Assay, Staining