Journal: Poultry Science

Article Title: Dietary supplementation of saffron petal extract and biochar synergistically improves performance, gut morphology, antioxidant status, and reduces ammonia emission in Japanese quails ( Coturnix coturnix japonica )

doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2026.106866

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cecal microbial populations in Japanese quails fed different feed additives (log CFU/g). (A) Control diet without additives, (B) basal diet + 1% probiotic protexin, (C) basal diet + 1% pistachio byproduct biochar (D), basal diet + 500 mg/kg saffron petal extract (E), and basal diet + 1% pistachio byproduct biochar + 500 mg/kg saffron petal extract. Data are presented as means ± SD. a, b, c Significant differences for the different groups ( p < 0.05).

Article Snippet: The dietary treatments consisted of: (1) a basal diet without additives (control), (2) basal diet supplemented with 1% probiotic (Protexin), (3) basal diet supplemented with 1% pistachio byproduct biochar, (4) basal diet supplemented with 500 mg/kg saffron petal extract, and (5) basal diet supplemented with 1% pistachio byproduct biochar plus 500 mg/kg saffron petal extract.

Techniques: Control

Journal: Poultry Science

Article Title: Dietary supplementation of saffron petal extract and biochar synergistically improves performance, gut morphology, antioxidant status, and reduces ammonia emission in Japanese quails ( Coturnix coturnix japonica )

doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2026.106866

Figure Lengend Snippet: Antioxidant status in Japanese quails fed different feed additives. (A) Control diet without additives, (B) basal diet + 1% probiotic protexin, (C) basal diet + 1% pistachio byproduct biochar (D), basal diet + 500 mg/kg saffron petal extract (E), and basal diet + 1% pistachio byproduct biochar + 500 mg/kg saffron petal extract. MDA (malondialdehyde), TAC (total antioxidant capacity), GSH (reduced glutathione), and SOD (superoxide dismutase) Data are presented as means ± SD. *Significant differences for the different groups ( p < 0.05).

Article Snippet: The dietary treatments consisted of: (1) a basal diet without additives (control), (2) basal diet supplemented with 1% probiotic (Protexin), (3) basal diet supplemented with 1% pistachio byproduct biochar, (4) basal diet supplemented with 500 mg/kg saffron petal extract, and (5) basal diet supplemented with 1% pistachio byproduct biochar plus 500 mg/kg saffron petal extract.

Techniques: Control

Journal: Poultry Science

Article Title: Dietary supplementation of saffron petal extract and biochar synergistically improves performance, gut morphology, antioxidant status, and reduces ammonia emission in Japanese quails ( Coturnix coturnix japonica )

doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2026.106866

Figure Lengend Snippet: Manure gas emission in Japanese quails fed different feed additives after 24 h and 48 h. (A) Control diet without additives, (B) basal diet + 1% probiotic protexin, (C) basal diet + 1% pistachio byproduct biochar (D), basal diet + 500 mg/kg saffron petal extract (E), and basal diet + 1% pistachio byproduct biochar + 500 mg/kg saffron petal extract. Data are presented as means ± SD. *Significant differences for the different groups ( p < 0.05).

Article Snippet: The dietary treatments consisted of: (1) a basal diet without additives (control), (2) basal diet supplemented with 1% probiotic (Protexin), (3) basal diet supplemented with 1% pistachio byproduct biochar, (4) basal diet supplemented with 500 mg/kg saffron petal extract, and (5) basal diet supplemented with 1% pistachio byproduct biochar plus 500 mg/kg saffron petal extract.

Techniques: Control

Journal: Poultry Science

Article Title: Dietary supplementation of saffron petal extract and biochar synergistically improves performance, gut morphology, antioxidant status, and reduces ammonia emission in Japanese quails ( Coturnix coturnix japonica )

doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2026.106866

Figure Lengend Snippet: Intestinal morphology in Japanese quails fed different feed additives; A) Illeum and B) Cecum. (A) Control diet without additives, (B) basal diet + 1% probiotic protexin, (C) basal diet + 1% pistachio byproduct biochar (D), basal diet + 500 mg/kg saffron petal extract (E), and basal diet + 1% pistachio byproduct biochar + 500 mg/kg saffron petal extract. Data are presented as means ± SD. *Significant differences for the different groups ( p < 0.05).

Article Snippet: The dietary treatments consisted of: (1) a basal diet without additives (control), (2) basal diet supplemented with 1% probiotic (Protexin), (3) basal diet supplemented with 1% pistachio byproduct biochar, (4) basal diet supplemented with 500 mg/kg saffron petal extract, and (5) basal diet supplemented with 1% pistachio byproduct biochar plus 500 mg/kg saffron petal extract.

Techniques: Control

Journal: Poultry Science

Article Title: Dietary supplementation of saffron petal extract and biochar synergistically improves performance, gut morphology, antioxidant status, and reduces ammonia emission in Japanese quails ( Coturnix coturnix japonica )

doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2026.106866

Figure Lengend Snippet: Representative photomicrograph of the ileum in Japanese quails fed different feed additives. (A) Control diet without additives, (B) basal diet + 1% probiotic protexin, (C) basal diet + 1% pistachio byproduct biochar (D), basal diet + 500 mg/kg saffron petal extract (E), and basal diet + 1% pistachio byproduct biochar + 500 mg/kg saffron petal extract.

Article Snippet: The dietary treatments consisted of: (1) a basal diet without additives (control), (2) basal diet supplemented with 1% probiotic (Protexin), (3) basal diet supplemented with 1% pistachio byproduct biochar, (4) basal diet supplemented with 500 mg/kg saffron petal extract, and (5) basal diet supplemented with 1% pistachio byproduct biochar plus 500 mg/kg saffron petal extract.

Techniques: Control