Journal: Archives of Microbiology

Article Title: Zhuhuang Granules alleviate psoriatic inflammation via restoring gut microbiota balance and enhancing intestinal barrier integrity

doi: 10.1007/s00203-026-05231-8

Figure Lengend Snippet: ZH reduces IMQ-induced inflammatory responses and abnormal proliferation in mice. A Representative spleen images and spleen weight quantification. B Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of Ki67 in skin lesions (left panel) and quantification of its AOD (right panel). C qRT-PCR analysis of Il-22 , Il-1β , Tnf-α , and Ccl20 mRNA expression in lesion skin tissues. D ELISA quantification of IL-22, IL-1β, TNF-α, and CCL20 protein levels in lesion skin tissues. n = 6 (biological replicates). Data are analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed Tukey’s post hoc test. ** P < 0.01 vs. Control group; # P < 0.05; ## P < 0.01 vs. IMQ group

Article Snippet: The concentrations of IL-22 (Cat. #E-EL-M2446, Elabscience, Wuhan, China), TNF-α (Cat. #CSB-E04741m, Cusabio, Wuhan, China), IL-1β (Cat. #CSB-E08054m, Cusabio), and CCL20 (Cat. #CSB-E04668m, Cusabio) were quantified as per the protocols of the manufacturers.

Techniques: Immunohistochemical staining, Immunohistochemistry, Quantitative RT-PCR, Analysis, Expressing, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Control

Journal: Archives of Microbiology

Article Title: Zhuhuang Granules alleviate psoriatic inflammation via restoring gut microbiota balance and enhancing intestinal barrier integrity

doi: 10.1007/s00203-026-05231-8

Figure Lengend Snippet: ZH alters gut microbiota composition and function in IMQ-induced mice. A Random forest analysis ranking bacterial taxa based on their importance in group classification using the Gini index. B Relative abundances of the top-ranked taxa across different groups. C Pearson correlation analysis between significantly altered bacterial taxa and skin inflammatory cytokines, including IL-22, IL-1β, TNF-α, and CCL20. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01

Article Snippet: The concentrations of IL-22 (Cat. #E-EL-M2446, Elabscience, Wuhan, China), TNF-α (Cat. #CSB-E04741m, Cusabio, Wuhan, China), IL-1β (Cat. #CSB-E08054m, Cusabio), and CCL20 (Cat. #CSB-E04668m, Cusabio) were quantified as per the protocols of the manufacturers.

Techniques: Analysis

Journal: Archives of Microbiology

Article Title: Zhuhuang Granules alleviate psoriatic inflammation via restoring gut microbiota balance and enhancing intestinal barrier integrity

doi: 10.1007/s00203-026-05231-8

Figure Lengend Snippet: Gut microbiota depletion attenuates the therapeutic effects of ZH against IMQ-induced psoriasis-like inflammation. A Schematic diagram of the experimental design for antibiotic-mediated gut microbiota depletion and subsequent establishment of the IMQ-induced psoriasis-like dermatitis model. B Quantification of fecal bacterial abundance by qPCR to assess the efficacy of antibiotic-mediated gut microbiota depletion. C Representative images of dorsal skin lesions in mice from the indicated groups. D PASI scores for scaling, erythema, thickness, and total scores. E Representative images of spleens (left) and quantification of spleen weight (right). F Representative images of H&E-stained dorsal skin sections (left) and quantification of epidermal thickness (right). G Representative immunohistochemical staining of Ki67 in dorsal skin lesions (left) and quantification of Ki67-positive cells (right). H Relative mRNA expression levels of Il-22 , Il-1β , Tnf-α , and Ccl20 in dorsal skin lesions determined by qPCR. I Protein levels of IL-22, TNF-α, IL-1β, and CCL20 in dorsal skin lesions determined by ELISA. For panels B, the Control and ABX groups each contained 12 mice before randomization; for panels C-I, mice were randomly allocated into four groups ( n = 6 per group): IMQ, IMQ + ABX, IMQ + M-ZH, and IMQ + M-ZH + ABX. Data are analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed Tukey’s post hoc test. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01 vs. IMQ group; # P < 0.05, ## P < 0.01 vs. IMQ + ABX group; & P < 0.05, && P < 0.01 vs. IMQ + M-ZH group

Article Snippet: The concentrations of IL-22 (Cat. #E-EL-M2446, Elabscience, Wuhan, China), TNF-α (Cat. #CSB-E04741m, Cusabio, Wuhan, China), IL-1β (Cat. #CSB-E08054m, Cusabio), and CCL20 (Cat. #CSB-E04668m, Cusabio) were quantified as per the protocols of the manufacturers.

Techniques: Staining, Immunohistochemical staining, Expressing, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Control

Journal: BMC Pharmacology & Toxicology

Article Title: Epinephrine-mediated sensitization of thioredoxin 1 enhances chlorpromazine protection against acute hepatotoxicity

doi: 10.1186/s40360-026-01225-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: Epinephrine and/or chlorpromazine eliminate APAP-induced oxidative stress and inflammation and modulate the expression of the thioredoxin system in the liver. ( A ) and ( B ) demonstrate the hepatic levels of Nrf2 and TNF-α, respectively. ( C ), ( D ), and ( E ) show the effect of EP and CPZ on the thioredoxin system (Trx1/TrxR1) ( C ), thioredoxin-related proteins (TrxL1 and TrxIP) ( D ) mRNA and TrxR1 protein ( E ). Bars represent the mean (± SD) of 3 experiments. Means are compared by two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s tests. (*): p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.0001, **** p < 0.0001, and “ns” is not significant

Article Snippet: Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) ELISA Kit (Cat. No. CSB-E04741m) and Mouse Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (Nrf2) ELISA Kit (Cat. No. CSB-E16188m) were purchased from Cusabio Company, TX, USA.

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: BMC Pharmacology & Toxicology

Article Title: Epinephrine-mediated sensitization of thioredoxin 1 enhances chlorpromazine protection against acute hepatotoxicity

doi: 10.1186/s40360-026-01225-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: Epinephrine and EGCG effect on cell viability, Nrf2, NTF, and TrxR1 expression in hepatoma cells. HepG2 and Huh7 cells were treated with epinephrine ( A ) or EGCG ( B ) for 24 h, after which cell metabolic activity was determined by MTT assay. Epinephrine enhanced cell viability in both HepG2 and Huh7 cells, whereas EGCG reduced cell viability. ( C ), ( D ), and ( E ) show the protein levels of Nrf2, TNF-α, and TrxR1, respectively, assessed in cells treated with EP, EGCG, CPZ, EP/CPZ, or EGCG/CPZ. Bars represent the mean (± SD) of 3 experiments. Groups were compared using ANOVA followed by Tukey’s tests. (*): p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, (***): p < 0.001, (****): p < 0.0001, and “ns” is not significant

Article Snippet: Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) ELISA Kit (Cat. No. CSB-E04741m) and Mouse Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (Nrf2) ELISA Kit (Cat. No. CSB-E16188m) were purchased from Cusabio Company, TX, USA.

Techniques: Expressing, Activity Assay, MTT Assay

Journal: ASN NEURO

Article Title: Employing the Role of SLC40A1-Mediated Microglia Inflammatory Response in Diabetic Retinopathy Based on Single-Cell Transcriptomics Technology

doi: 10.1080/17590914.2026.2740889

Figure Lengend Snippet: Inflammation response promoted by SLC40A1 + MG in DR progression. (A) Typical representative images of eye fundus. (B) H&E staining of mice retinal tissue, 20× magnification (400 μm), 200× magnification (50 μm) and 400× magnification (20 μm). (C) Representative IF images showing SLC40A1, IBA1, and DAPI staining in retinal tissues from db/db-NC and db/db-SLC40A1 −/− mice, including high-magnification views for visualization of their cellular and subcellular distribution (scale bars: 10 μm and 5 μm). (D) ELISA detecting inflammatory factor concentrations. (E) Western Blot analysis revealing the protein expression level of SLC40A1 and inflammatory factors IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β. n = 8 mice per group, each mouse serves as an independent biological replicate. Three technical replicates were conducted for Western Blot and ELISA detection. For H&E and IF staining, 3 representative retinal sections were selected from each mouse, and 5 non-overlapping random fields were analyzed on each section. Data are expressed as mean ± SD. Unpaired Student’s t -test was used for comparisons between two groups; the Mann–Whitney U test was adopted for data that did not conform to normal distribution or homogeneity of variance. * p < 0.05.

Article Snippet: To evaluate the levels of inflammatory cytokines in the plasma of mice, ELISA kits (E-EL-M0044, E-EL-M3063, E-EL-M0037, Elabscience, China) were used for detection.

Techniques: Staining, Tissue, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Western Blot, Analysis, Expressing, MANN-WHITNEY

Journal: Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology

Article Title: Tumor‐Associated Mast Cells Drive Immunosuppression and Resistance to Anti‐PD‐1 Therapy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Through CCL17/CCR4‐mediated Regulatory T‐Cell Recruitment

doi: 10.1002/jbt.71127

Figure Lengend Snippet: HCC cells promote MC migration and sustain MC proliferation. (A, B) Timer3.0 database analysis of SCF expression in tumors and correlation analysis between SCF and MCs; (C) ELISA detection of SCF levels in tumor tissues and adjacent tissues; (D) Correlation analysis between TAMC density and SCF concentration in HCC tumor tissues; (E): Flow cytometry identification of expanded hMCs at week 4; (F, G) Transwell assay for hMC migration capacity; (H, I) Flow cytometry for hMC proliferation; (J, K) Flow cytometry for hMC cell cycle. Data are presented as mean ± SD. Figure (B) used independent samples t ‐tests ( n = 59). (D) Spearman 's rank correlation analysis ( n = 59); (G/I/K), one‐way ANOVA with Tukey's post‐hoc multiple comparison test ( N = 3). * indicates p < 0.05; *** indicates p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: The following kits were utilized: human SCF ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H1299, Elabscience), human CCL1 ELISA kit (ab314600, Abcam), human CCL5 ELISA kit (ab174446, Abcam), human CCL17 ELISA kit (ab183366, Abcam), Human CCL22 ELISA Kit (ab242931, Abcam), Human CCL28 ELISA Kit (ab99988, Abcam), Human Granzyme B ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H1617, Elabscience), Human Interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H0108, Elabscience), Human TNF‐α ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H0109, Elabscience), Human Perforin 1 ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H1123, Elabscience), Mouse Granzyme B ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐M0594, Elabscience), Mouse IFN‐γ ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐M0048, Elabscience), Mouse TNF‐α ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐M3063, Elabscience), and Mouse Perforin ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐M0890, Elabscience).

Techniques: Migration, Analysis, Expressing, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Concentration Assay, Flow Cytometry, Transwell Assay, Comparison, X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy

Journal: Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology

Article Title: Tumor‐Associated Mast Cells Drive Immunosuppression and Resistance to Anti‐PD‐1 Therapy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Through CCL17/CCR4‐mediated Regulatory T‐Cell Recruitment

doi: 10.1002/jbt.71127

Figure Lengend Snippet: TAMCs recruit Tregs into the tumor microenvironment by secreting chemokines. (A) ELISA detection of CCL1, CCL5, CCL17, CCL22, and CCL28 secretion by TAMCs (after subtracting CCL1, CCL5, CCL17, CCL22, and CCL28 levels in TCCS); (B) ELISA detection of CCL17 levels in tumor tissues and adjacent tissues; (C) Correlation analysis between TAMCs and CCL17 concentration; D: Correlation analysis between Tregs and CCL17 concentration; (E, F) Transwell migration assay to assess Treg migration capacity. Data are presented as mean ± SD. (A, B), independent samples t ‐tests ( N = 3); (C, D) Spearman 's rank correlation analysis ( n = 59); (F), one‐way ANOVA and Tukey's multiple comparison test ( N = 3). * indicates p < 0.05, ** indicates p < 0.01, *** indicates p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: The following kits were utilized: human SCF ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H1299, Elabscience), human CCL1 ELISA kit (ab314600, Abcam), human CCL5 ELISA kit (ab174446, Abcam), human CCL17 ELISA kit (ab183366, Abcam), Human CCL22 ELISA Kit (ab242931, Abcam), Human CCL28 ELISA Kit (ab99988, Abcam), Human Granzyme B ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H1617, Elabscience), Human Interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H0108, Elabscience), Human TNF‐α ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H0109, Elabscience), Human Perforin 1 ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H1123, Elabscience), Mouse Granzyme B ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐M0594, Elabscience), Mouse IFN‐γ ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐M0048, Elabscience), Mouse TNF‐α ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐M3063, Elabscience), and Mouse Perforin ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐M0890, Elabscience).

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Analysis, Concentration Assay, Transwell Migration Assay, Migration, Comparison

Journal: Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology

Article Title: Tumor‐Associated Mast Cells Drive Immunosuppression and Resistance to Anti‐PD‐1 Therapy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Through CCL17/CCR4‐mediated Regulatory T‐Cell Recruitment

doi: 10.1002/jbt.71127

Figure Lengend Snippet: The TAMCs‐Tregs axis inhibits CD8 + T cell function. (A, B) Flow cytometry analysis of Treg‐mediated suppression of CD8 + T cell proliferation; (C–F) ELISA for Granzyme B, IFN‐γ, TNF‐α, and Perforin in supernatants from CD8 + T cell proliferation assays. Data are presented as mean ± SD. One‐way ANOVA was performed, followed by Tukey's multiple comparison test for post‐hoc analysis ( N = 3). * indicates p < 0.05, ** indicates p < 0.01, *** indicates p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: The following kits were utilized: human SCF ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H1299, Elabscience), human CCL1 ELISA kit (ab314600, Abcam), human CCL5 ELISA kit (ab174446, Abcam), human CCL17 ELISA kit (ab183366, Abcam), Human CCL22 ELISA Kit (ab242931, Abcam), Human CCL28 ELISA Kit (ab99988, Abcam), Human Granzyme B ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H1617, Elabscience), Human Interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H0108, Elabscience), Human TNF‐α ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H0109, Elabscience), Human Perforin 1 ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H1123, Elabscience), Mouse Granzyme B ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐M0594, Elabscience), Mouse IFN‐γ ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐M0048, Elabscience), Mouse TNF‐α ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐M3063, Elabscience), and Mouse Perforin ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐M0890, Elabscience).

Techniques: Cell Function Assay, Flow Cytometry, Analysis, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Comparison

Journal: Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology

Article Title: Tumor‐Associated Mast Cells Drive Immunosuppression and Resistance to Anti‐PD‐1 Therapy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Through CCL17/CCR4‐mediated Regulatory T‐Cell Recruitment

doi: 10.1002/jbt.71127

Figure Lengend Snippet: Combination therapy of anti‐PD‐1 antibody and CCR4 antagonists reshapes the tumor immune microenvironment in HCC. (A–F) Flow cytometry analysis of immune cell proportions (MCs, Tregs, CD8 + T cells) in tumor tissue; G–K: ELISA detection of Granzyme B, IFN‐γ, TNF‐α, Perforin, and CCL17 levels. Data are presented as mean ± SD. One‐way ANOVA was performed, followed by Tukey's multiple comparison test for post‐hoc analysis ( n = 6). * indicates p < 0.05, ** indicates p < 0.01, *** indicates p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: The following kits were utilized: human SCF ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H1299, Elabscience), human CCL1 ELISA kit (ab314600, Abcam), human CCL5 ELISA kit (ab174446, Abcam), human CCL17 ELISA kit (ab183366, Abcam), Human CCL22 ELISA Kit (ab242931, Abcam), Human CCL28 ELISA Kit (ab99988, Abcam), Human Granzyme B ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H1617, Elabscience), Human Interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H0108, Elabscience), Human TNF‐α ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H0109, Elabscience), Human Perforin 1 ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H1123, Elabscience), Mouse Granzyme B ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐M0594, Elabscience), Mouse IFN‐γ ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐M0048, Elabscience), Mouse TNF‐α ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐M3063, Elabscience), and Mouse Perforin ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐M0890, Elabscience).

Techniques: Flow Cytometry, Analysis, Immune Cell, Tissue, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Comparison

Journal: Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology

Article Title: Tumor‐Associated Mast Cells Drive Immunosuppression and Resistance to Anti‐PD‐1 Therapy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Through CCL17/CCR4‐mediated Regulatory T‐Cell Recruitment

doi: 10.1002/jbt.71127

Figure Lengend Snippet: Validation of the synergistic antitumor efficacy of the triple‐drug therapy in an in situ Hepa1‐6 HCC model. (A) Representative images of in situ tumors; (B): Tumor volume in each group; (C) Tumor weight in each group; (D) Average ratio of liver weight to body weight; (E, F): Ki67 immunohistochemical staining and quantitative analysis; (G–L) Flow cytometry detection of the proportions of various immune cells (mast cells, Tregs, CD8 + T cells); (M) ELISA detection of Granzyme B, IFN‐γ, TNF‐α, and perforin levels. Data are presented as mean ± SD. One‐way ANOVA was performed, followed by Tukey's multiple comparison test for post‐hoc analysis ( n = 6).

Article Snippet: The following kits were utilized: human SCF ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H1299, Elabscience), human CCL1 ELISA kit (ab314600, Abcam), human CCL5 ELISA kit (ab174446, Abcam), human CCL17 ELISA kit (ab183366, Abcam), Human CCL22 ELISA Kit (ab242931, Abcam), Human CCL28 ELISA Kit (ab99988, Abcam), Human Granzyme B ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H1617, Elabscience), Human Interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H0108, Elabscience), Human TNF‐α ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H0109, Elabscience), Human Perforin 1 ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H1123, Elabscience), Mouse Granzyme B ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐M0594, Elabscience), Mouse IFN‐γ ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐M0048, Elabscience), Mouse TNF‐α ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐M3063, Elabscience), and Mouse Perforin ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐M0890, Elabscience).

Techniques: Biomarker Discovery, In Situ, Immunohistochemical staining, Staining, Analysis, Flow Cytometry, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Comparison