Journal: Frontiers in Neurology

Article Title: Elevated interleukin-12B is associated with increased seizure susceptibility: insights from two-sample Mendelian randomization and in vivo experiment

doi: 10.3389/fneur.2025.1706857

Figure Lengend Snippet: Administration of IL-12 beta protein increases seizure susceptibility. (A) Seizure susceptibility measured by 6-Hz seizure threshold test ( n = 12 mice/group). (B) Seizure score within 30 min after picrotoxin administration ( n = 6 mice/group). (C) A representative diagram illustrating EEG, EMG, baseline, and seizure patterns after pilocarpine administration. (D) A time-frequency spectrogram of EEG corresponding to the EEG in (C) ( n = 10 mice/group). (E) Latency to SE after pilocarpine administration. (F) Survival probability within 60 min post pilocarpine administration ( n = 10 mice/group). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 by Student’s t test ( A and E ), generalized linear models with Bonferroni test (B) , Kaplan–Meier analysis with Log Rank (Mantel-Cox) test (F) . Values are means ± SD ( A and E ), medians (IQR) (B) , rate (F) .

Article Snippet: Mice were randomly assigned into two groups. (1) Control group: mice received an intraperitoneal (i.p.) injected of saline (10 mL/kg); (2) IL-12B group: mice were administered an injection of IL-12 beta protein (mouse, HEK293, His; 1 μg/mouse/day, i.p., MedChemExpress, USA) for three consecutive days.

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Neurology

Article Title: Elevated interleukin-12B is associated with increased seizure susceptibility: insights from two-sample Mendelian randomization and in vivo experiment

doi: 10.3389/fneur.2025.1706857

Figure Lengend Snippet: Comprehensive results of the MR analysis. (A) Causal estimates presented as odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals for the effect of ILs on GE. (B) Scatter plots depicting the causal relationship between IL-12B and GE. (C) Detailed forest plots displaying the estimated MR effect size of IL-12B on GE. (D) Leave-one-out analysis assessing the effect of IL-12B on GE. (E) Funnel plot evaluating the potential heterogeneity between IL-12B and GE.

Article Snippet: Mice were randomly assigned into two groups. (1) Control group: mice received an intraperitoneal (i.p.) injected of saline (10 mL/kg); (2) IL-12B group: mice were administered an injection of IL-12 beta protein (mouse, HEK293, His; 1 μg/mouse/day, i.p., MedChemExpress, USA) for three consecutive days.

Techniques: